Essential Guide to Blood Coagulation (eBook, ePUB)

Redaktion: Antovic, Jovan; Blombäck, Margareta

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

A practical guide to laboratory diagnosis and treatment of hemostatic disorders.This concise book distils the most clinically up-to-date information on thrombotic and bleeding disorders, including the latest treatment strategies, for key conditions and diseases. Essential Guide to Blood Coagulation covers both the stable and the acute stages of hereditary and acquired bleeding and thrombotic disorders. Faced with a bleeding patient, it may be difficult to determine whether blood loss is due to a local factor, or an underlying hemostatic defect. There are a range of laboratory tests which can be performed to identify the cause of bleeding in a patient. This book highlights the tests that can be used in the laboratory to aid diagnosis. Essential Guide to Blood Coagulation has been updated to include the new anticoagulants and now has a dedicated chapter on antiplatelet drugs. This invaluable guide will help all those treating patients to expand their knowledge of hemostatic disorders. TITLES OF RELATED INTEREST Hemophilia and Hemostasis: A Case-Based Approach to ManagementSecond EditionAlice Ma, Harold Roberts, Miguel EscobarISBN: 978-0-470-65976-2 Quality in Laboratory Hemostasis and ThrombosisSecond EditionSteve Kitchen, John Olson, Eric Preston (due May 2013)ISBN: 978-0-470-67119-1

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 216
• Erscheinungstermin: 11. März 2013
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118327661
• Artikelnr.: 37756153

Autorenporträt

Edited by Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Blombäck Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Coagulation Research, Karolinska Institutet; Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Inhaltsangabe

List of contributors
x Preface
xii Abbreviations
xiii PART 1: GENERAL HEMOSTASIS 1 Schematic presentation of the hemostatic system
3 Nils Egberg 2 Proposals for sampling instructions
6 Margareta Blombäck and Nils Egberg Points to note prior to sampling
6 Sampling time and patient preparation
7 Referrals for coagulation analyses
8 Sampling
8 Technique
9 For DNA investigation (genetic analyses)
10 3 Laboratory investigations
11 Jovan P. Antovic
Liselotte Onelöv
and Nils Egberg Nomenclature
11 Reference intervals for laboratory investigations
13 Screening analyses
13 Special analyses
20 Markers of coagulation activation (hypercoagulation markers)
29 DNA analyses
29 Global hemostatic assays and bedside methods
31 Useful components in research studies
32 Platelet-activating predictors
35 PART 2: BLEEDING DISORDERS 4 Hereditary bleeding disorders
41 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg General remarks about hemophilia A and B
41 General remarks about von Willebrand disease
42 Factor concentrates used for treatment of hemophilia A and B and VWD in Sweden in 2012
43 Treatment strategy in severe forms of hemophilia and VWD
44 Recommendations for desired initial plasma concentrations at different types of bleedings
45 Surgery in patients with bleeding disorders
47 Tooth extraction in a hemophilia patient
47 Caution in patients with bleeding disorders
48 Treatment principles for different types of bleeding disorders (severe
moderate
and milder forms of hemostatic defects)
49 Rare bleeding disorders
51 Blood sampling in bleeding disorders
54 Bleeding risk charts
54 5 Critical bleeding
56 Maria Bruzelius
Anna Ågren
and Hans Johnsson Introduction
56 Defi nition of massive bleeding
56 Transfusion coagulopathy
56 Recommendations to obtain optimal hemostasis
57 Choice of plasma
58 Local procedures
59 Additional treatment
59 Fibrinogen concentrate
59 Prothrombin-complex concentrate (PCC)
59 Recombinant factor VIIa
59 Concentrates of other coagulation factors
60 Cryoprecipitates
60 Tranexamic acid
60 Desmopressin
60 Local hemostatic drugs
60 Complicating factors
61 Ongoing treatment with antiplatelet
and anticoagulant drugs
61 6 Investigation of increased bleeding tendency
62 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg Introduction
62 Diagnosis
62 Reasons for pathologic screening analyses and further actions
64 Causes of thrombocytopenia
64 Causes of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
65 Causes of elevated PT(INR)
66 Investigation of bleeding tendency: practical aspects
66 PART 3: THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS 7 Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
71 Anders Carlsson Introduction
71 Venous thrombosis
72 Pulmonary embolism
75 Primary prophylaxis against VTE
91 8 Investigations of thromboembolic tendency
94 Margareta Holmström Introduction
94 Venous thromboembolism
95 Arterial thromboembolism
96 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
96 9 Heart disease
97 Håkan Wallen and Rickard Linder Ischemic heart disease
97 Atrial fi brillation
102 Cardiac valve prosthesis
103 New oral anticoagulants in the treatment of heart disease
104 10 Antiplatelet drug therapy and reversal of its effects
105 Håkan Wallen
Hans Johnsson
and Bo-Michael Bellander Introduction
105 ASA
105 ADP (P2Y12) receptor antagonists
106 GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
106 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other antiplatelet compounds
108 Combined antithrombotic treatment
108 Benefi t-risk assessment
108 Platelet transfusion
109 11 New oral anticoagulants: Focus on currently approved oral factor Xa and Thrombin inhibitors
111 Rickard E. Malmström and Hans Johnsson Clinical pharmacology of NOACs
111 Possibility of and need for therapeutic monitoring of NOACs
114 Clinical aspects of NOACs
114 Results of clinical trials
116 Some characteristics of the individual NOACs
118 Considerations to be taken when using NOACs in some emergency situations 12 Stroke and transient ischemic attack
121 Nils Wahlgren and Mia von Euler Antithrombotic secondary stroke prevention
121 Atrial fi brillation and TIA or stroke
122 Thrombolysis in stroke
122 Cerebral venous thrombosis and dissection of precerebral arteries
123 Recurrent TIA
124 Prophylactic treatment against DVT and PE
124 13 Peripheral artery surgery
125 Jesper Swedenborg Prophylaxis against reocclusion in peripheral vascular surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
125 Peri- and postoperative treatment
125 Thrombolysis in acute ischemia
126 PART 4: SPECIAL HEMOSTASIS 14 Hemostasis in obstetrics and gynecology
129 Katarina Bremme Introduction
129 Thrombosis during pregnancy
131 Heart disease: treatment of women with mechanical heart valve prostheses
139 Thromboprophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology
140 Blood sampling in children of women with severe forms of thrombophilia
148 Obstetric epidural/spinal analgesia (anesthesia)
148 Complications during pregnancy
150 Postpartum bleeding
155 Thromboprophylaxis in legal and spontaneous abortions
156 Thromboprophylaxis in gynecologic surgery
156 Investigation prior to artifi cial insemination (IVF)
160 Investigation in repeated miscarriages
160 Investigation in menorrhagia (for treatment see Chapter 4)
161 15 Hemostasis in children
162 Susanna Ranta and Pia Petrini Introduction
162 Bleeding disorders in children
166 Thromboembolic disorders in children
172 16 Emergency conditions associated with coagulation: DIC
HIT and TTP/HUS
182 Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Holmström Disseminated intravascular coagulation
182 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
188 Thrombotic microangiopathies
190 Index
191