Jovan P Antovic
Essential Guide to Blood Coagulation
Herausgegeben von Antovic, Jovan; Blombäck, Margareta
Jovan P Antovic
Essential Guide to Blood Coagulation
Herausgegeben von Antovic, Jovan; Blombäck, Margareta
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Thrombotic and bleeding disorders affect at least 10 million people in the US alone. There has also been a great deal of concern over travel-related deep vein thrombosis and therefore much more interest and research into the field of blood clotting. This new and concise practical guide will cover all the essentials one needs to know when managing thrombotic and bleeding disorders. The field of haematology is undergoing major advances in thrombosis research, including significant additions to recommended treatment protocols. The Essential Guide to Coagulation will distil the most clinically,…mehr
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Thrombotic and bleeding disorders affect at least 10 million people in the US alone. There has also been a great deal of concern over travel-related deep vein thrombosis and therefore much more interest and research into the field of blood clotting. This new and concise practical guide will cover all the essentials one needs to know when managing thrombotic and bleeding disorders. The field of haematology is undergoing major advances in thrombosis research, including significant additions to recommended treatment protocols. The Essential Guide to Coagulation will distil the most clinically, up-to-date and relevant material from the literature for all those working in the field.
Faced with a bleeding patient, it may be difficult to discern whether blood loss is due to a local factor or secondary to an underlying haemostatic defect. There are a range of simple and specialized laboratory texts which can be performed to further define the cause of bleeding in a patient. Since the first edition there have been many developments in the field including many new anticoagulant drugs. These new classes of "direct thrombin inhibitors" slow the coagulation cascade by directly binding to thrombin, a clotting factor essential in the clotting process. If thrombin is blocked, clot formation is delayed. A key component of this guide will be the latest treatment strategies available for patients.
Faced with a bleeding patient, it may be difficult to discern whether blood loss is due to a local factor or secondary to an underlying haemostatic defect. There are a range of simple and specialized laboratory texts which can be performed to further define the cause of bleeding in a patient. Since the first edition there have been many developments in the field including many new anticoagulant drugs. These new classes of "direct thrombin inhibitors" slow the coagulation cascade by directly binding to thrombin, a clotting factor essential in the clotting process. If thrombin is blocked, clot formation is delayed. A key component of this guide will be the latest treatment strategies available for patients.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons / Wiley-Blackwell
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 216
- Erscheinungstermin: 12. April 2013
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 216mm x 137mm x 15mm
- Gewicht: 302g
- ISBN-13: 9781118288795
- ISBN-10: 1118288793
- Artikelnr.: 37601359
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons / Wiley-Blackwell
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 216
- Erscheinungstermin: 12. April 2013
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 216mm x 137mm x 15mm
- Gewicht: 302g
- ISBN-13: 9781118288795
- ISBN-10: 1118288793
- Artikelnr.: 37601359
Edited by Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Blombäck Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Coagulation Research, Karolinska Institutet; Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
List of contributors
x Preface
xii Abbreviations
xiii PART 1: GENERAL HEMOSTASIS 1 Schematic presentation of the hemostatic system
3 Nils Egberg 2 Proposals for sampling instructions
6 Margareta Blombäck and Nils Egberg Points to note prior to sampling
6 Sampling time and patient preparation
7 Referrals for coagulation analyses
8 Sampling
8 Technique
9 For DNA investigation (genetic analyses)
10 3 Laboratory investigations
11 Jovan P. Antovic
Liselotte Onelöv
and Nils Egberg Nomenclature
11 Reference intervals for laboratory investigations
13 Screening analyses
13 Special analyses
20 Markers of coagulation activation (hypercoagulation markers)
29 DNA analyses
29 Global hemostatic assays and bedside methods
31 Useful components in research studies
32 Platelet-activating predictors
35 PART 2: BLEEDING DISORDERS 4 Hereditary bleeding disorders
41 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg General remarks about hemophilia A and B
41 General remarks about von Willebrand disease
42 Factor concentrates used for treatment of hemophilia A and B and VWD in Sweden in 2012
43 Treatment strategy in severe forms of hemophilia and VWD
44 Recommendations for desired initial plasma concentrations at different types of bleedings
45 Surgery in patients with bleeding disorders
47 Tooth extraction in a hemophilia patient
47 Caution in patients with bleeding disorders
48 Treatment principles for different types of bleeding disorders (severe
moderate
and milder forms of hemostatic defects)
49 Rare bleeding disorders
51 Blood sampling in bleeding disorders
54 Bleeding risk charts
54 5 Critical bleeding
56 Maria Bruzelius
Anna Ågren
and Hans Johnsson Introduction
56 Defi nition of massive bleeding
56 Transfusion coagulopathy
56 Recommendations to obtain optimal hemostasis
57 Choice of plasma
58 Local procedures
59 Additional treatment
59 Fibrinogen concentrate
59 Prothrombin-complex concentrate (PCC)
59 Recombinant factor VIIa
59 Concentrates of other coagulation factors
60 Cryoprecipitates
60 Tranexamic acid
60 Desmopressin
60 Local hemostatic drugs
60 Complicating factors
61 Ongoing treatment with antiplatelet
and anticoagulant drugs
61 6 Investigation of increased bleeding tendency
62 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg Introduction
62 Diagnosis
62 Reasons for pathologic screening analyses and further actions
64 Causes of thrombocytopenia
64 Causes of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
65 Causes of elevated PT(INR)
66 Investigation of bleeding tendency: practical aspects
66 PART 3: THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS 7 Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
71 Anders Carlsson Introduction
71 Venous thrombosis
72 Pulmonary embolism
75 Primary prophylaxis against VTE
91 8 Investigations of thromboembolic tendency
94 Margareta Holmström Introduction
94 Venous thromboembolism
95 Arterial thromboembolism
96 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
96 9 Heart disease
97 Håkan Wallen and Rickard Linder Ischemic heart disease
97 Atrial fi brillation
102 Cardiac valve prosthesis
103 New oral anticoagulants in the treatment of heart disease
104 10 Antiplatelet drug therapy and reversal of its effects
105 Håkan Wallen
Hans Johnsson
and Bo-Michael Bellander Introduction
105 ASA
105 ADP (P2Y12) receptor antagonists
106 GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
106 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other antiplatelet compounds
108 Combined antithrombotic treatment
108 Benefi t-risk assessment
108 Platelet transfusion
109 11 New oral anticoagulants: Focus on currently approved oral factor Xa and Thrombin inhibitors
111 Rickard E. Malmström and Hans Johnsson Clinical pharmacology of NOACs
111 Possibility of and need for therapeutic monitoring of NOACs
114 Clinical aspects of NOACs
114 Results of clinical trials
116 Some characteristics of the individual NOACs
118 Considerations to be taken when using NOACs in some emergency situations 12 Stroke and transient ischemic attack
121 Nils Wahlgren and Mia von Euler Antithrombotic secondary stroke prevention
121 Atrial fi brillation and TIA or stroke
122 Thrombolysis in stroke
122 Cerebral venous thrombosis and dissection of precerebral arteries
123 Recurrent TIA
124 Prophylactic treatment against DVT and PE
124 13 Peripheral artery surgery
125 Jesper Swedenborg Prophylaxis against reocclusion in peripheral vascular surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
125 Peri- and postoperative treatment
125 Thrombolysis in acute ischemia
126 PART 4: SPECIAL HEMOSTASIS 14 Hemostasis in obstetrics and gynecology
129 Katarina Bremme Introduction
129 Thrombosis during pregnancy
131 Heart disease: treatment of women with mechanical heart valve prostheses
139 Thromboprophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology
140 Blood sampling in children of women with severe forms of thrombophilia
148 Obstetric epidural/spinal analgesia (anesthesia)
148 Complications during pregnancy
150 Postpartum bleeding
155 Thromboprophylaxis in legal and spontaneous abortions
156 Thromboprophylaxis in gynecologic surgery
156 Investigation prior to artifi cial insemination (IVF)
160 Investigation in repeated miscarriages
160 Investigation in menorrhagia (for treatment see Chapter 4)
161 15 Hemostasis in children
162 Susanna Ranta and Pia Petrini Introduction
162 Bleeding disorders in children
166 Thromboembolic disorders in children
172 16 Emergency conditions associated with coagulation: DIC
HIT and TTP/HUS
182 Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Holmström Disseminated intravascular coagulation
182 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
188 Thrombotic microangiopathies
190 Index
191
x Preface
xii Abbreviations
xiii PART 1: GENERAL HEMOSTASIS 1 Schematic presentation of the hemostatic system
3 Nils Egberg 2 Proposals for sampling instructions
6 Margareta Blombäck and Nils Egberg Points to note prior to sampling
6 Sampling time and patient preparation
7 Referrals for coagulation analyses
8 Sampling
8 Technique
9 For DNA investigation (genetic analyses)
10 3 Laboratory investigations
11 Jovan P. Antovic
Liselotte Onelöv
and Nils Egberg Nomenclature
11 Reference intervals for laboratory investigations
13 Screening analyses
13 Special analyses
20 Markers of coagulation activation (hypercoagulation markers)
29 DNA analyses
29 Global hemostatic assays and bedside methods
31 Useful components in research studies
32 Platelet-activating predictors
35 PART 2: BLEEDING DISORDERS 4 Hereditary bleeding disorders
41 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg General remarks about hemophilia A and B
41 General remarks about von Willebrand disease
42 Factor concentrates used for treatment of hemophilia A and B and VWD in Sweden in 2012
43 Treatment strategy in severe forms of hemophilia and VWD
44 Recommendations for desired initial plasma concentrations at different types of bleedings
45 Surgery in patients with bleeding disorders
47 Tooth extraction in a hemophilia patient
47 Caution in patients with bleeding disorders
48 Treatment principles for different types of bleeding disorders (severe
moderate
and milder forms of hemostatic defects)
49 Rare bleeding disorders
51 Blood sampling in bleeding disorders
54 Bleeding risk charts
54 5 Critical bleeding
56 Maria Bruzelius
Anna Ågren
and Hans Johnsson Introduction
56 Defi nition of massive bleeding
56 Transfusion coagulopathy
56 Recommendations to obtain optimal hemostasis
57 Choice of plasma
58 Local procedures
59 Additional treatment
59 Fibrinogen concentrate
59 Prothrombin-complex concentrate (PCC)
59 Recombinant factor VIIa
59 Concentrates of other coagulation factors
60 Cryoprecipitates
60 Tranexamic acid
60 Desmopressin
60 Local hemostatic drugs
60 Complicating factors
61 Ongoing treatment with antiplatelet
and anticoagulant drugs
61 6 Investigation of increased bleeding tendency
62 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg Introduction
62 Diagnosis
62 Reasons for pathologic screening analyses and further actions
64 Causes of thrombocytopenia
64 Causes of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
65 Causes of elevated PT(INR)
66 Investigation of bleeding tendency: practical aspects
66 PART 3: THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS 7 Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
71 Anders Carlsson Introduction
71 Venous thrombosis
72 Pulmonary embolism
75 Primary prophylaxis against VTE
91 8 Investigations of thromboembolic tendency
94 Margareta Holmström Introduction
94 Venous thromboembolism
95 Arterial thromboembolism
96 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
96 9 Heart disease
97 Håkan Wallen and Rickard Linder Ischemic heart disease
97 Atrial fi brillation
102 Cardiac valve prosthesis
103 New oral anticoagulants in the treatment of heart disease
104 10 Antiplatelet drug therapy and reversal of its effects
105 Håkan Wallen
Hans Johnsson
and Bo-Michael Bellander Introduction
105 ASA
105 ADP (P2Y12) receptor antagonists
106 GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
106 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other antiplatelet compounds
108 Combined antithrombotic treatment
108 Benefi t-risk assessment
108 Platelet transfusion
109 11 New oral anticoagulants: Focus on currently approved oral factor Xa and Thrombin inhibitors
111 Rickard E. Malmström and Hans Johnsson Clinical pharmacology of NOACs
111 Possibility of and need for therapeutic monitoring of NOACs
114 Clinical aspects of NOACs
114 Results of clinical trials
116 Some characteristics of the individual NOACs
118 Considerations to be taken when using NOACs in some emergency situations 12 Stroke and transient ischemic attack
121 Nils Wahlgren and Mia von Euler Antithrombotic secondary stroke prevention
121 Atrial fi brillation and TIA or stroke
122 Thrombolysis in stroke
122 Cerebral venous thrombosis and dissection of precerebral arteries
123 Recurrent TIA
124 Prophylactic treatment against DVT and PE
124 13 Peripheral artery surgery
125 Jesper Swedenborg Prophylaxis against reocclusion in peripheral vascular surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
125 Peri- and postoperative treatment
125 Thrombolysis in acute ischemia
126 PART 4: SPECIAL HEMOSTASIS 14 Hemostasis in obstetrics and gynecology
129 Katarina Bremme Introduction
129 Thrombosis during pregnancy
131 Heart disease: treatment of women with mechanical heart valve prostheses
139 Thromboprophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology
140 Blood sampling in children of women with severe forms of thrombophilia
148 Obstetric epidural/spinal analgesia (anesthesia)
148 Complications during pregnancy
150 Postpartum bleeding
155 Thromboprophylaxis in legal and spontaneous abortions
156 Thromboprophylaxis in gynecologic surgery
156 Investigation prior to artifi cial insemination (IVF)
160 Investigation in repeated miscarriages
160 Investigation in menorrhagia (for treatment see Chapter 4)
161 15 Hemostasis in children
162 Susanna Ranta and Pia Petrini Introduction
162 Bleeding disorders in children
166 Thromboembolic disorders in children
172 16 Emergency conditions associated with coagulation: DIC
HIT and TTP/HUS
182 Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Holmström Disseminated intravascular coagulation
182 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
188 Thrombotic microangiopathies
190 Index
191
List of contributors
x Preface
xii Abbreviations
xiii PART 1: GENERAL HEMOSTASIS 1 Schematic presentation of the hemostatic system
3 Nils Egberg 2 Proposals for sampling instructions
6 Margareta Blombäck and Nils Egberg Points to note prior to sampling
6 Sampling time and patient preparation
7 Referrals for coagulation analyses
8 Sampling
8 Technique
9 For DNA investigation (genetic analyses)
10 3 Laboratory investigations
11 Jovan P. Antovic
Liselotte Onelöv
and Nils Egberg Nomenclature
11 Reference intervals for laboratory investigations
13 Screening analyses
13 Special analyses
20 Markers of coagulation activation (hypercoagulation markers)
29 DNA analyses
29 Global hemostatic assays and bedside methods
31 Useful components in research studies
32 Platelet-activating predictors
35 PART 2: BLEEDING DISORDERS 4 Hereditary bleeding disorders
41 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg General remarks about hemophilia A and B
41 General remarks about von Willebrand disease
42 Factor concentrates used for treatment of hemophilia A and B and VWD in Sweden in 2012
43 Treatment strategy in severe forms of hemophilia and VWD
44 Recommendations for desired initial plasma concentrations at different types of bleedings
45 Surgery in patients with bleeding disorders
47 Tooth extraction in a hemophilia patient
47 Caution in patients with bleeding disorders
48 Treatment principles for different types of bleeding disorders (severe
moderate
and milder forms of hemostatic defects)
49 Rare bleeding disorders
51 Blood sampling in bleeding disorders
54 Bleeding risk charts
54 5 Critical bleeding
56 Maria Bruzelius
Anna Ågren
and Hans Johnsson Introduction
56 Defi nition of massive bleeding
56 Transfusion coagulopathy
56 Recommendations to obtain optimal hemostasis
57 Choice of plasma
58 Local procedures
59 Additional treatment
59 Fibrinogen concentrate
59 Prothrombin-complex concentrate (PCC)
59 Recombinant factor VIIa
59 Concentrates of other coagulation factors
60 Cryoprecipitates
60 Tranexamic acid
60 Desmopressin
60 Local hemostatic drugs
60 Complicating factors
61 Ongoing treatment with antiplatelet
and anticoagulant drugs
61 6 Investigation of increased bleeding tendency
62 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg Introduction
62 Diagnosis
62 Reasons for pathologic screening analyses and further actions
64 Causes of thrombocytopenia
64 Causes of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
65 Causes of elevated PT(INR)
66 Investigation of bleeding tendency: practical aspects
66 PART 3: THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS 7 Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
71 Anders Carlsson Introduction
71 Venous thrombosis
72 Pulmonary embolism
75 Primary prophylaxis against VTE
91 8 Investigations of thromboembolic tendency
94 Margareta Holmström Introduction
94 Venous thromboembolism
95 Arterial thromboembolism
96 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
96 9 Heart disease
97 Håkan Wallen and Rickard Linder Ischemic heart disease
97 Atrial fi brillation
102 Cardiac valve prosthesis
103 New oral anticoagulants in the treatment of heart disease
104 10 Antiplatelet drug therapy and reversal of its effects
105 Håkan Wallen
Hans Johnsson
and Bo-Michael Bellander Introduction
105 ASA
105 ADP (P2Y12) receptor antagonists
106 GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
106 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other antiplatelet compounds
108 Combined antithrombotic treatment
108 Benefi t-risk assessment
108 Platelet transfusion
109 11 New oral anticoagulants: Focus on currently approved oral factor Xa and Thrombin inhibitors
111 Rickard E. Malmström and Hans Johnsson Clinical pharmacology of NOACs
111 Possibility of and need for therapeutic monitoring of NOACs
114 Clinical aspects of NOACs
114 Results of clinical trials
116 Some characteristics of the individual NOACs
118 Considerations to be taken when using NOACs in some emergency situations 12 Stroke and transient ischemic attack
121 Nils Wahlgren and Mia von Euler Antithrombotic secondary stroke prevention
121 Atrial fi brillation and TIA or stroke
122 Thrombolysis in stroke
122 Cerebral venous thrombosis and dissection of precerebral arteries
123 Recurrent TIA
124 Prophylactic treatment against DVT and PE
124 13 Peripheral artery surgery
125 Jesper Swedenborg Prophylaxis against reocclusion in peripheral vascular surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
125 Peri- and postoperative treatment
125 Thrombolysis in acute ischemia
126 PART 4: SPECIAL HEMOSTASIS 14 Hemostasis in obstetrics and gynecology
129 Katarina Bremme Introduction
129 Thrombosis during pregnancy
131 Heart disease: treatment of women with mechanical heart valve prostheses
139 Thromboprophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology
140 Blood sampling in children of women with severe forms of thrombophilia
148 Obstetric epidural/spinal analgesia (anesthesia)
148 Complications during pregnancy
150 Postpartum bleeding
155 Thromboprophylaxis in legal and spontaneous abortions
156 Thromboprophylaxis in gynecologic surgery
156 Investigation prior to artifi cial insemination (IVF)
160 Investigation in repeated miscarriages
160 Investigation in menorrhagia (for treatment see Chapter 4)
161 15 Hemostasis in children
162 Susanna Ranta and Pia Petrini Introduction
162 Bleeding disorders in children
166 Thromboembolic disorders in children
172 16 Emergency conditions associated with coagulation: DIC
HIT and TTP/HUS
182 Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Holmström Disseminated intravascular coagulation
182 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
188 Thrombotic microangiopathies
190 Index
191
x Preface
xii Abbreviations
xiii PART 1: GENERAL HEMOSTASIS 1 Schematic presentation of the hemostatic system
3 Nils Egberg 2 Proposals for sampling instructions
6 Margareta Blombäck and Nils Egberg Points to note prior to sampling
6 Sampling time and patient preparation
7 Referrals for coagulation analyses
8 Sampling
8 Technique
9 For DNA investigation (genetic analyses)
10 3 Laboratory investigations
11 Jovan P. Antovic
Liselotte Onelöv
and Nils Egberg Nomenclature
11 Reference intervals for laboratory investigations
13 Screening analyses
13 Special analyses
20 Markers of coagulation activation (hypercoagulation markers)
29 DNA analyses
29 Global hemostatic assays and bedside methods
31 Useful components in research studies
32 Platelet-activating predictors
35 PART 2: BLEEDING DISORDERS 4 Hereditary bleeding disorders
41 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg General remarks about hemophilia A and B
41 General remarks about von Willebrand disease
42 Factor concentrates used for treatment of hemophilia A and B and VWD in Sweden in 2012
43 Treatment strategy in severe forms of hemophilia and VWD
44 Recommendations for desired initial plasma concentrations at different types of bleedings
45 Surgery in patients with bleeding disorders
47 Tooth extraction in a hemophilia patient
47 Caution in patients with bleeding disorders
48 Treatment principles for different types of bleeding disorders (severe
moderate
and milder forms of hemostatic defects)
49 Rare bleeding disorders
51 Blood sampling in bleeding disorders
54 Bleeding risk charts
54 5 Critical bleeding
56 Maria Bruzelius
Anna Ågren
and Hans Johnsson Introduction
56 Defi nition of massive bleeding
56 Transfusion coagulopathy
56 Recommendations to obtain optimal hemostasis
57 Choice of plasma
58 Local procedures
59 Additional treatment
59 Fibrinogen concentrate
59 Prothrombin-complex concentrate (PCC)
59 Recombinant factor VIIa
59 Concentrates of other coagulation factors
60 Cryoprecipitates
60 Tranexamic acid
60 Desmopressin
60 Local hemostatic drugs
60 Complicating factors
61 Ongoing treatment with antiplatelet
and anticoagulant drugs
61 6 Investigation of increased bleeding tendency
62 Margareta Holmström and Lars Göran Lundberg Introduction
62 Diagnosis
62 Reasons for pathologic screening analyses and further actions
64 Causes of thrombocytopenia
64 Causes of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
65 Causes of elevated PT(INR)
66 Investigation of bleeding tendency: practical aspects
66 PART 3: THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS 7 Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
71 Anders Carlsson Introduction
71 Venous thrombosis
72 Pulmonary embolism
75 Primary prophylaxis against VTE
91 8 Investigations of thromboembolic tendency
94 Margareta Holmström Introduction
94 Venous thromboembolism
95 Arterial thromboembolism
96 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
96 9 Heart disease
97 Håkan Wallen and Rickard Linder Ischemic heart disease
97 Atrial fi brillation
102 Cardiac valve prosthesis
103 New oral anticoagulants in the treatment of heart disease
104 10 Antiplatelet drug therapy and reversal of its effects
105 Håkan Wallen
Hans Johnsson
and Bo-Michael Bellander Introduction
105 ASA
105 ADP (P2Y12) receptor antagonists
106 GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists
106 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors and other antiplatelet compounds
108 Combined antithrombotic treatment
108 Benefi t-risk assessment
108 Platelet transfusion
109 11 New oral anticoagulants: Focus on currently approved oral factor Xa and Thrombin inhibitors
111 Rickard E. Malmström and Hans Johnsson Clinical pharmacology of NOACs
111 Possibility of and need for therapeutic monitoring of NOACs
114 Clinical aspects of NOACs
114 Results of clinical trials
116 Some characteristics of the individual NOACs
118 Considerations to be taken when using NOACs in some emergency situations 12 Stroke and transient ischemic attack
121 Nils Wahlgren and Mia von Euler Antithrombotic secondary stroke prevention
121 Atrial fi brillation and TIA or stroke
122 Thrombolysis in stroke
122 Cerebral venous thrombosis and dissection of precerebral arteries
123 Recurrent TIA
124 Prophylactic treatment against DVT and PE
124 13 Peripheral artery surgery
125 Jesper Swedenborg Prophylaxis against reocclusion in peripheral vascular surgery or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)
125 Peri- and postoperative treatment
125 Thrombolysis in acute ischemia
126 PART 4: SPECIAL HEMOSTASIS 14 Hemostasis in obstetrics and gynecology
129 Katarina Bremme Introduction
129 Thrombosis during pregnancy
131 Heart disease: treatment of women with mechanical heart valve prostheses
139 Thromboprophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology
140 Blood sampling in children of women with severe forms of thrombophilia
148 Obstetric epidural/spinal analgesia (anesthesia)
148 Complications during pregnancy
150 Postpartum bleeding
155 Thromboprophylaxis in legal and spontaneous abortions
156 Thromboprophylaxis in gynecologic surgery
156 Investigation prior to artifi cial insemination (IVF)
160 Investigation in repeated miscarriages
160 Investigation in menorrhagia (for treatment see Chapter 4)
161 15 Hemostasis in children
162 Susanna Ranta and Pia Petrini Introduction
162 Bleeding disorders in children
166 Thromboembolic disorders in children
172 16 Emergency conditions associated with coagulation: DIC
HIT and TTP/HUS
182 Jovan P. Antovic and Margareta Holmström Disseminated intravascular coagulation
182 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
188 Thrombotic microangiopathies
190 Index
191