Grigore C. Burdea, Philippe Coiffet

Virtual Reality Technology

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Thorough overview of virtual reality technology, with equal coverage given to hardware, software, and applications

The Third Edition of the first comprehensive technical book on the subject of virtual reality,Virtual Reality Technology, provides updated and expanded coverage of VR technology, including where it originated, how it has evolved, and where it is going. Its primary objective is to be a complete, up-to-date textbook, as well as a source of information on a rapidly developing field of science and technology with broad societal impact.

The two highly qualified authors cover all of the latest innovations and applications that are making virtual reality more important than ever before. Unlike other books on the subject, the book also includes a chapter on Human Factors, which are very important in designing technology around the human user.

Virtual Reality Technology provides readers with a website consisting of a 2-part laboratory manual using the VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) and Java 3D programming languages, which are freely available, leading to cost-effective laboratory setups at universities.

With comprehensive coverage of the subject, Virtual Reality Technology discusses sample topics such as:
_ Input and output interfaces, including touch and force feedback, and computing architecture, with emphasis on the rendering pipeline and task distribution
_ Object modeling, including physical and behavioral aspects, and programming for virtual reality in a general sense
_ Human factors issues such as user performance and sensorial conflict aspects of VR, plus traditional and emerging VR applications
_ Input devices, such as trackers, navigation, and gesture interfaces, covering specific technologies like magnetic, ultrasonic, optical, and hybrid inertial trackers

Virtual Reality Technology provides thorough and complete coverage of an in-demand sect of technology, making it a highly valuable resource for senior and graduate students in computer science, engineering, and science, along with a variety of professionals across many different industries, including but not limited to engineering, gaming, and marketing.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley & Sons / Wiley-IEEE Press
• Artikelnr. des Verlages: 1W118014800
• 3. Aufl.
• Seitenzahl: 672
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Oktober 2024
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 250mm x 150mm
• ISBN-13: 9781118014806
• ISBN-10: 1118014804
• Artikelnr.: 36757047

Autorenporträt

GRIGORE C. BURDEA is Professor Emeritus at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, author of several books on Virtual Reality and recipient of the prestigious IEEE Virtual Reality Career Award. He is Fellow of the IEEE Virtual Reality Academy and Founder of the International Society on Virtual Rehabilitation. PHILIPPE COIFFET was a Director of Research at the French National Scientific Research Center and Member of the National Academy for Technology of France. He authored 20 books on Robotics and Virtual Reality, which have been translated into several languages.

Inhaltsangabe

Book Table of Contents

Dedication

Foreword

Preface to the 3rd Edition

1. Introduction

1.1 THE THREE I'S OF VIRTUAL REALITY

1.2 EARLY VIRTUAL REALITY

1.3 FIRST COMMERCIAL VIRTUAL REALITY

1.4 VIRTUAL REALITY AT THE TURN OF THE MILENIUM

1.5 VIRTUAL REALITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY

1.5 COMPONENTS OF CLASSICAL AND MODERN VIRTUAL REALITY SYSTEMS

1.6 REVIEW QUESTIONS

REFERENCES

2. Input Devices: Trackers, Navigation, Gesture and Neural Interfaces

2.1 THREE-DIMENSIONAL POSITION TRACKERS

2.1.1 Tracker performance parameters

2.1.2 Electromagnetic trackers

Trackers using alternating current (AC) magnetic fields

Trackers using direct current (DC) magnetic fields

Comparison of AC and DC Magnetic Trackers Accuracy Degradation

2.1.3 Optical Trackers

Passive Camera-based Optical Trackers

Active Camera-based Optical Trackers

Time-of-Flight Optical Trackers

Consumer-Grade Optical Trackers

Inside-looking-out Optical Trackers

Eye Trackers for Head-Mounted Displays

2.1.4 Optical Tracker Accuracy Degradation

2.1.5 Hybrid Inertia Trackers

Hybrid inertial-optical trackers

2.1.6 Global Positioning System Trackers

2.2 NAVIGATION AND MANIPULATION INTERFACES

2.2.1 Desktop Navigation Interfaces

2.2.2 Hand-held Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces

The FlightStick3

Game controllers are navigation and manipulation interfaces

2.2.3 Locomotion interfaces

The Cybershoes Arcade

The Omni Treadmill

2.3 GESTURE INTERFACES

2.3.1 Sensing Gloves

The 5DT Ultra Glove Ultra 14

The CyberGlove II

The Cyberglove-HT

2.3.2 Natural hand tracking

Natural vs Sensing Glove-based Hand Tracking

2.4 NEURAL INTERFACES

2.4.1 Research-grade Brain-Computer Interfaces

2.4.2 Consumer-grade Brain-Computer Interfaces

2.5 CONCLUSIONS

2.6 REVIEW QUESTIONS

REFERENCES

3. Output Devices: Graphics Displays

3.1 THE HUMAN VISION SYSTEM

3.2 GRAPHICS DISPLAY CHARACTERISRICS

3.3 DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES

3.3.1 Displays using LCD technology

3.3.2 Displays using OLED technology

3.4 PERSONAL GRAPHICS DISPLAYS

3.4.1 Smart phones as VR displays

Smart phones as input devices

Smart phone use in HMDs

3.4.2 Head-Mounted Displays

Fixed-resolution HMD optics

Foveated HMD optics

Foveated HMDs which reduce native resolution

Foveated HMDs which increase native resolution

Head-Mounted Displays weight and weight distribution

The FOVE 0 HMD

The Oculus Quest 2 HMD

The HTC VIVE Focus 3

The Pimax Vision 8K X HMD

3.4.3 Desk Supported Personal Displays

Autostereoscopic monitors

3D Monitors

3.5 LARGE VOLUME DISPLAYS

3.5.1 Liquid Crystal Tiled Large-Volume Displays

Tiled wall displays

Tiled CAVE displays

3.5.2 Projector-based Large-Volume Displays

Dome-type large volume displays

Tiled Display Scene Continuity

Geometrical continuity

Visual continuity

Temporal continuity

3.6 MICRO-LED WALLS AND HOLOGRAPHIC DISPLAYS

3.6.1 Micro-LED Walls

3.6.2 Holographic displays

3.7 CONCLUSIONS

3.8 REVIEW QUESTIONS<

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FOREWORD. PREFACE. 1 INTRODUCTION. 1.1 The Three I's of Virtual Reality.
1.2 A Short History of Early Virtual Reality. 1.3 Early Commercial VR
Technology . 1.4 VR Becomes an Industry. 1.5 The Five Classic Components of
a VR System. 1.6 Review Questions. References. 2 INPUT DEVICES: TRACKERS,
NAVIGATION, AND GESTURE INTERFACES. 2.1 Three-Dimensional Position
Trackers. 2.2 Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces. 2.3 Gesture
Interfaces. 2.4 Conclusion. 2.5 Review Questions. References. 3 OUTPUT
DEVICES: GRAPHICS, THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOUND, AND HAPTIC DISPLAYS. 3.1
Graphics Displays. 3.2 Sound Displays. 3.3 Haptic Feedback. 3.4 Conclusion.
3.5 Review Questions. References. 4 COMPUTING ARCHITECTURES FOR VR. 4.1 The
Rendering Pipeline. 4.2 PC Graphics Architecture. 4.3 Workstation-Based
Architectures. 4.4 Distributed VR Architectures. 4.5 Conclusion. 4.6 Review
Questions. References. 5 MODELING. 5.1 Geometric Modeling. 5.2 Kinematics
Modeling. 5.3 Physical Modeling. 5.4 Behavior Modeling. 5.5 Model
Management. 5.6 Conclusion. 5.7 Review Questions. References. 6 VR
PROGRAMMING. 6.1 Toolkits and Scene Graphs. 6.2 WorldToolKit. 6.3 Java 3D.
6.4 General Haptics Open Software Toolkit. 6.5 PeopleShop. 6.6 Conclusion.
6.7 Review Questions. References. 7 HUMAN FACTORS IN VR. 7.1 Methodology
and Terminology. 7.2 User Performance Studies. 7.3 VR Health and Safety
Issues. 7.4 VR and Society. 7.5 Conclusion. 7.6 Review Questions.
References. 8 TRADITIONAL VR APPLICATIONS. 8.1 Medical Applications of VR.
8.2 Education, Arts, and Entertainment. 8.3 Military VR Applications. 8.4
Conclusion. 8.5 Review Questions. References. 9 EMERGING APPLICATIONS OF
VR. 9.1 VR Applications in Manufacturing. 9.2 Applications of VR in
Robotics. 9.3 Information Visualization. 9.4 Conclusion. 9.5 Review
Questions. References. INDEX.

Rezensionen

"...provides an excellent overview of the field...a fine textbook.... I would recommend highly." (Real Time Graphics, August 2003)

"...this second edition was well overdue, but it has to be said that it has been worth the wait...a must-have book." (Assembly Automation, Vol 24(1), 2004)