Liquid Biofuels (eBook, ePUB)

Fundamentals, Characterization, and Applications
Redaktion: Shadangi, Krushna Prasad

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Compiled by a well-known expert in the field, Liquid Biofuels provides a profound knowledge to researchers about biofuel technologies, selection of raw materials, conversion of various biomass to biofuel pathways, selection of suitable methods of conversion, design of equipment, selection of operating parameters, determination of chemical kinetics, reaction mechanism, preparation of bio-catalyst: its application in bio-fuel industry and characterization techniques, use of nanotechnology in the production of biofuels from the root level to its application and many other exclusive topics for conducting research in this area. Written with the objective of offering both theoretical concepts and practical applications of those concepts, Liquid Biofuels can be both a first-time learning experience for the student facing these issues in a classroom and a valuable reference work for the veteran engineer or scientist. The description of the detailed characterization methodologies along with the precautions required during analysis are extremely important, as are the detailed description about the ultrasound assisted biodiesel production techniques, aviation biofuels and its characterization techniques, advance in algal biofuel techniques, pre-treatment of biomass for biofuel production, preparation and characterization of bio-catalyst, and various methods of optimization. The book offers a comparative study between the various liquid biofuels obtained from different methods of production and its engine performance and emission analysis so that one can get the utmost idea to find the better biofuel as an alternative fuel. Since the book covers almost all the field of liquid biofuel production techniques, it will provide advanced knowledge to the researcher for practical applications across the energy sector. A valuable reference for engineers, scientists, chemists, and students, this volume is applicable to many different fields, across many different industries, at all levels. It is a must-have for any library.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 752
• Erscheinungstermin: 11. Mai 2021
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119793014
• Artikelnr.: 61975613

Autorenporträt

Krushna Prasad Shadangi, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India. He earned his doctorate in chemical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India. He has ten years of research experience in the field of biofuel technologies and has contributed eight book chapters in edited books. He has published 22 papers in peer reviewed SCI journals and is an editorial board member on five international journals.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xxi

1 Introduction to Biomass to Biofuels Technologies 1
Ezgi Rojda Taymaz, Mehmet Emin Uslu and Irem Deniz

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass and Its Composition 2

1.2.1 Cellulose 3

1.2.2 Hemicellulose 4

1.2.3 Lignin 5

1.3 Types and Category of the Biomass 6

1.3.1 Marine Biomass 6

1.3.2 Forestry Residue and Crops 7

1.3.3 Animal Manure 7

1.3.4 Industrial Waste 8

1.4 Methods of Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Biofuels 8

1.4.1 Pyrolysis and Types of the Pyrolysis Processes 9

1.4.2 Types of Reactors Used in Pyrolysis 12

1.4.2.1 Bubble Fluidized Bed Reactor 12

1.4.2.2 Circulating Fluidized Bed and Transport Bed Reactor 12

1.4.2.3 Ablative Pyrolysis Reactor 14

1.4.2.4 Rotary Cone Reactor 14

1.4.3 Chemical Conversion 14

1.4.4 Electrochemical Conversion 14

1.4.5 Biochemical Methods 16

1.4.6 Co-Conversion Methods of Pyrolysis (Copyrolysis) 16

1.5 Bioethanol and Biobutanol Conversion Techniques 16

1.6 Biogas and Syngas Conversion Techniques 20

1.7 Advantages and Drawbacks of Biofuels 23

1.8 Applications of Biofuels 25

1.9 Future Prospects 26

1.10 Conclusion 27

References 29

2 Advancements of Cavitation Technology in Biodiesel Production - from Fundamental Concept to Commercial Scale-Up 39
Ritesh S. Malani, Vijayanand S. Moholkar, Nimir O. Elbashir and Hanif A. Choudhury

2.1 Introduction 40

2.2 Principles of Ultrasound and Cavitation 43

2.3 Intensification of Biodiesel Production Processes Through Cavitational Reactors 45

2.3.1 Acoustic Cavitation (or Ultrasound Irradiation) Assisted Processes 46

2.3.2 Acoustic or Ultrasonic Cavitation Assisted Processes 46

2.4 Designing the Cavitation Reactors 59

2.5 Scale-Up of Cavitational Reactors 63

2.6 Application of Cavitational Reactors for Large-Scale Biodiesel Production 66

2.7 Future Prospects and Challenges 67

References 67

3 Heterogeneous Catalyst for Pyrolysis and Biodiesel Production 77
Anjana P Anantharaman and Niju Subramania Pillai

3.1 Biodiesel Production 78

3.1.1 Homogeneous Catalyst 79

3.1.2 Heterogeneous Catalyst 80

3.1.3 Natural Catalyst 84

3.1.4 Catalyst Characterization 88

3.1.4.1 Morphology and Surface Property 88

3.1.4.2 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 88

3.1.4.3 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy 90

3.1.4.4 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 91

3.1.4.5 Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) 91

3.1.4.6 X-Ray Photoemission Spectroscopy (XPS) 92

3.1.5 Kinetics of Biodiesel 93

3.2 Plastic Pyrolysis 97

3.2.1 Zeolite 99

3.2.2 Activated Carbon (AC) 103

3.2.3 Natural Catalyst 104

3.2.4 Characterization of Catalyst 107

3.2.4.1 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 107

3.2.4.2 Surface Characteristics 107

3.2.4.3 NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (NH3-TPD) 107

3.2.5 Pyrolysis Kinetics 111

3.3 Conclusion 113

References 114

4 Algal Biofuel: Emergent Applications in Next-Generation Biofuel Technology 119
Bidhu Bhusan Makut

4.1 Introduction 120

4.2 Burgeoning of Biofuel Resources 120

4.2.1 Potential Role of Microalgae Towards Biofuel Production 121

4.3 Common Steps Adopted for Microalgal Biofuel Production 122

4.3.1 Screening and Development of Robust