E. I. Kandel

Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Soon after neurosurgery had advanced past the stage of that older neurosurgeons will consider their cra removing lesions on the surface of the brain, it became niotomies quite adequate for the relief of many neu apparent that subcortical diseased tissue could not be rological disorders that Professor Kandel shows so excised safely by the usual surgical techniques because clearly to be amenable to stereotactic intervention, of the risk of damaging overlying normal structures. there are many lesions that undoubtedly can be reached Various means of reaching deep-seated lesions were more easily and with less risk to life and limb by ster devised, most of which attempted to approach the eotactic than by open procedures. pathological tissue through "silent areas" of the brain. This book is not just a description of operative However, these operations often resulted in serious procedures, although it does give clear accounts of neurological deficits. Spiegel and Wycis's modifica surgical techniques. It presents the postoperative histo tion of the Horsley-Clarke apparatus to reach targets ries of patients who have been cured or markedly re deep in the human brain introduced a new approach to lieved of longstanding afflictions; these persons have subcortical surgery. True, as Professor Edward Kandel been followed for 10 to 15 or more years, so that the relates, Russian surgeons had pioneered in the field, results may be considered more or less permanent.

---

Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, B, BG, CY, CZ, D, DK, EW, E, FIN, F, GR, HR, H, IRL, I, LT, L, LR, M, NL, PL, P, R, S, SLO, SK ausgeliefert werden.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer New York
• Seitenzahl: 724
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781461307037
• Artikelnr.: 43986652

Inhaltsangabe

'Foreword.- Preface.- Abbreviations.- 1 Anatomy of Subcortical Structures Related to Stereotaxy.- 1. Extrapyramidal System.- 1.1. Thalamus.- 1.1.1. Ventrolateral Nucleus.- 1.1.2. Posterior Ventrolateral and Ventromedial Nuclei.- 1.1.3. Centrum Medianum.- 1.1.4. Pulvinar.- 1.2. Capsula Interna.- 1.3. Subthalamic Region.- 1.4. Globus Pallidus.- 1.5. Striatum.- 1.5.1. Nucleus Caudatus 4.- 1.5.2. Putamen.- 1.6. Substantia Nigra.- 1.7. Subthalamic Nucleus.- 1.8. Nucleus Ruber.- 2. Limbic System.- 2.1. Amygdaloid Nucleus.- 2.2. Hippocampus.- 2.3. Hypothalamic Region.- 3. Cerebellum.- 4. Pain Structures and Pain-Conducting Pathways of the CNS.- 2 Extrapyramidal Mechanisms.- 1. General Remarks.- 1.1. Regulation of Motor Activity.- 1.2. The Pathogenesis of Extrapyramidal Syndromes.- 2. Tremor.- 2.1. Historical Note.- 2.2. The Characteristics of Tremor.- 2.3. Graphic Recording of Tremor.- 2.4. Physiological Tremor.- 2.5. Pathological Tremor.- 2.6. Action Tremor.- 2.7. Tremor and Proprioceptive Input.- 2.8. Interrelationship of Various Types of Tremor.- 2.9. Pathogenesis of Tremor.- 2.10. Generator of Rhythmic Tremor.- 2.11. Computerized Spectral Analysis of Tremor.- 2.12. Tremor and Cerebral Structures.- 3. Rigidity.- 3.1. Muscle Tone and Its Regulation.- 3.2. Pathogenesis of Extrapyramidal Rigidity.- 4. Spasticity.- 5. Akinesia.- 3 Stereotactic Method.- 1. Historical Note.- 2. General Principles.- 2.1. Cranial Reference Points.- 2.2. Intracerebral Reference Points.- 2.3. Linear Reference Points.- 3. Individual Variability.- 4. Stereotactic Atlases.- 5. Stereotactic Instruments.- 5.1. Stereotactic Frame of Spiegel and Wycis.- 5.2. Stereotactic Frame of Riechert and Mundinger.- 5.3. Stereotactic Frame of Guiot and Gillingham.- 5.4. Stereotactic Frame of Leksell.- 5.5. Stereotactic Frame of Talairach.- 5.6. Stereotactic Frame of Rand and Wells.- 5.7. Stereotactic Frame of Laitinen.- 5.8. Stereotactic Frame of Oliver-Bertrand-Tipal.- 5.9. Stereotactic Frame of Kandel.- 5.10. Other Stereotactic Instruments.- 6. Computer Techniques.- 7. Stereotaxis and Computerized Tomography.- 7.1. Brown-Roberts-Wells Stereotactic System.- 7.2. Patil Stereotactic System.- 8. Stereotaxis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.- 9. Stereotaxis and Digital Subtraction Angiography.- 10. Combined Visualization Techniques.- 11. Stereotaxis and Ultrasound.- 4 Principles of Stereotactic Operations on Subcortical Structures 1.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Anesthesia.- 3. Location of the Burr Hole.- 4. Visualization of the Ventricular System.- 5. Stereotactic Coordinates.- 5.1. Anteroposterior Projection.- 5.2. Lateral Projection.- 6. X-RayControl.- 7. Functional Control.- 7.1. Electrostimulation.- 7.1.1. Ventrolateral Nucleus.- 7.1.2. Sensory Nuclei.- 7.1.3. Pulvinar.- 7.1.4. Centrum Medianum and Intralaminar Nuclei.- 7.1.5. Dorsomedial Nuclei.- 7.1.6. Anterior Nuclei.- 7.1.7. Capsular Interna.- 7.1.8. Subthalamic Region.- 7.1.9. Pallidum (Globus Pallidus).- 7.1.10. Nucleus Caudatus.- 7.1.11. Nucleus Ruber.- 7.1.12. Hypothalamic Region.- 7.1.13. Midbrain Tegmentum.- 7.1.14. Periaqueductal Gray Matter.- 7.1.15. Amygdala.- 7.1.16. Hippocampus.- 7.1.17. Cerebellar Nuclei.- 7.2. Electrosubcorticography.- 7.3. Microelectrode Recording.- 7.4. Evoked Potentials.- 7.5. Impedance Techniques.- 7.6. Other Techniques.- 7.7. Summary of Functional Controls.- 5 The Production of Lesions in Stereotactic Operations.- 1. General Principles.- 2. Local Freezing.- 2.1. Biological Effects of Freezing.- 2.2. Effect of Low Temperatures on Vessels.- 2.3. Experimental Cryoneurosurgery.- 2.4. Factors Determining the Size of the Cryogenic Lesion.- 2.5. Morphological Pathology of Cryogenic Brain Lesions.- 2.6. Cryosurgical Equipment.- 2.7. The Author's Cryosurgical Instrument.- 2.8. Technique for Producing Cryosurgical Lesions.- 3. Electrical Methods.- 3.1. Anodal Electrolysis.- 3.2. High-Frequency Coa