John Scheirs

A Guide to Polymeric Geomembranes (eBook, PDF)

A Practical Approach

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Geomembranes are flexible polymeric sheets which are used as relatively impermeable liners to contain liquid and vapour. With uses ranging from canal liners to hazard waste landfills, they are used extensively in a range of industries such as water conservation, mining, construction and waste management. A Guide to Polymeric Geomembranes: A Practical Approach offers an informed overview of the developments in this field and includes: * Detailed discussion of the major geomembrane types * Manufacturing methods * Key performance properties * Industrial applications * Testing and chemical resistance of geomembranes * Failure analysis methodology Written by a polymer research specialist with more than fifteen years experience in industry, this practical handbook covers the manufacture, use, installation, durability, lifespan and performance of geomembranes. It covers all the information required to enable the reader to select the most suitable geomembrane material for the job. This book is a useful reference for engineers and professionals in industry, environmental consultants, polymer and materials scientists, and government agencies and policy makers. It is of particular interest to those designing, commissioning and operating waste management sites, landfills, mine leachate ponds and water containment facilities.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 596
• Erscheinungstermin: 13. August 2009
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9780470748220
• Artikelnr.: 37299115

Autorenporträt

Dr. John Scheirs is a polymer technologist with ExcelPlas Geomembrane Testing Services. He specializes in geomembrane properties, polymer selection, failure analysis and testing and evaluation of geomembrane materials. He has extensive experience in durability testing of many polymeric geomembranes, in addition to routine mechanical analysis, forensic investigation and weld testing of geomembranes and polymeric liners. He has worked widely with HDPE, fPP and PVC membranes. Previously he worked with Exxon-Mobil on the stabilization and long-term durability of HDPE polymers.

Inhaltsangabe

Series Preface. Preface. About the Author. Acknowledgments. 1 Introduction
to Polymeric Geomembranes. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Viscoelastic Behaviour.
1.3 Polymer Structure. 1.4 Molecular Weight. 1.5 Molecular Weight
Distribution. 1.6 Crystallinity. 1.7 Properties of Polyethylenes. 1.8
Stress-Strain Behaviour of Polymers. 1.9 Melting Points. 2 Geomembrane
Manufacturing Methods. 2.1 Blown Film (Round Die). 2.2 Flat Sheet Extrusion
(Flat Die). 2.3 Coextrusion. 2.4 Calendering. 2.5 Spread Coating. 2.6
Extrusion Coated Geomembranes. 2.7 Pin-Hole Detection. 2.8 Texturing. 2.9
Additives for Geomembranes. 3 HDPE Geomembranes. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2
Structure-Property Relationships. 3.3 Comparison of HDPE Geomembranes with
Other Geomembranes. 3.4 Durability and Survivability of HDPE. 3.5 Selection
of Quality HDPE Geomembranes. 3.6 Common Failure Modes of HDPE
Geomembranes. 3.7 Multilayer HDPE Geomembranes. 3.8 Fluorinated HDPE
(F-HDPE). 4 Linear Low-Density Polyethylene Geomembranes. 4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Attributes of LLDPE Geomembranes. 4.3 Limitations of LLDPE
Geomembranes. 4.4 Mechanical Properties. 4.5 LLDPE Geomembrane Resins. 4.6
Speciality Flexible Polyethylene Geomembranes. 4.7 Very Low-Density
Polyethylene (VLDPE) Geomembranes. 5 Flexible Polypropylene (fPP)
Geomembranes. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Attributes of fPP Geomembranes. 5.3
Shortcomings of fPP Geomembranes 5.4 Performance Propeties of fPP
Geomembranes. 5.5 Applications. 5.6 fPP Field Failures. 6 CSPE
Geomembranes. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Grades of Hypalon(tm). 6.3 Attributes
of CSPE Geomembranes. 6.4 Limitations of CSPE Geomembranes. 6.5 General
Properties of CSPE Geomembranes. 6.6 Comparisons of CSPE with Other
Geomembranes. 6.7 Applications of CSPE Geomembranes. 6.8 Chemical
Resistance of CSPE Geomembranes. 7 PVC Geomembranes. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2
Attributes of PVC Geomembranes. 7.3 Shortcomings of PVC. 7.4 Properties of
PVC Geomembranes. 7.5 Failure Modes. 7.6 Formulation of PVC Geomembranes. 8
EIA Geomembranes. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Attributes of EIA-R Geomembranes.
8.3 Limitations of EIA-R Geomembranes. 8.4 Performance Properties of EIA-R
Geomembranes. 8.5 Comparison of EIA-R (XR-5(r)) Versus CSPE-R (Hypalon(tm))
Geomembranes. 8.6 Application Areas for EIA-R Geomembranes. 9 EPDM
Geomembranes. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Attributes of EPDM Geomembranes. 9.3
Structure and Chemistry. 9.4 Mechanical Properties. 9.5 Advantages of EPDM
over HDPE Geomembranes (Property Comparison). 9.6 Comparison between EPDM
and PVC Geomembranes. 9.7 Seaming EPDM Geomembranes. 9.8 Applications. 9.9
Service Life. 10 Bituminous Geomembranes (BGMs). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2
Prefabricated Bitumen Membranes. 10.3 Composition and Construction. 10.4
Longevity of Bituminous Geomembranes. 10.5 Spray-in-Place Bitumen
Membranes. 10.6 Design Life of Bituminous Geomembranes. 11 Specialty
Geomembranes and Liners. 11.1 EVA Liners/Geomembranes. 11.2 Butyl Rubber
Liners. 11.3 Nitrile Rubber Geomembranes. 11.4 Chlorinated Polyethylene
(CPE). 11.5 Polyurethane (PU) Geomembranes. 11.6 Acrylic-Coated
Geomembranes/Geotextile Composites. 11.7 PVDF Liners. 11.8 Chemical Vapour
Barrier Membranes. 12 Key Performance Properties of Geomembranes. 12.1
Specific Gravity (Density). 12.2 Mass per Unit Area. 12.3 Thickness. 12.4
Melting Point. 12.5 Melt Flow Index. 12.6 Thermal Expansion. 12.7
Flexibility. 12.8 Conformability for Intimate Contact. 12.9 Ability to
Resist/Accept Stress and Deformation. 12.10 Tensile Properties. 12.11
Puncture Resistance. 12.12 Tear Resistance. 12.13 Ply Adhesion of
Reinforced Geomembranes. 12.14 Resistance to Stress Cracking. 12.15
Frictional Properties. 12.16 Low-Temperature Properties. 12.17
High-Temperature Capabilities. 12.18 Oxidative Resistance. 12.19 UV
Resistance. 12.20 Permeability of Geomembranes. 12.21 Durability. 12.22
Application Specific Performance Properties. 12.23 Comparison of
Performance Properties of Flexible Geomembranes. 13 Testing of
Geomembranes. 13.1 Material Property Testing. 13.2 Measuring Thickness.
13.3 Density. 13.4 Mass per Unit Area. 13.5 Tensile Testing Methods. 13.6
Tear Testing. 13.7 Ply Adhesion. 13.8 Puncture Resistance. 13.9 Impact
Resistance. 13.10 Environmental Stress Cracking. 13.11 Dimensional
Stability. 13.12 Friction Angles. 13.13 Melt Flow Index (MFI). 13.14
Durability Testing. 13.15 Tests for Additives. 13.16 Carbonyl Index
Measurements. 13.17 Chemical Resistance Testing. 14 Chemical Resistance of
Geomembranes. 14.1 Chemical Resistance Tables. 14.2 Factors Affecting
Chemical Resistance. 14.3 Effects of Chemicals on Geomembranes. 14.4
Chemical Resistance Testing. 14.5 Geomembrane Chemical Resistance by
Chemical Class. 14.6 Geomembrane Chemical Resistance by Polymer Type. 14.7
Environmental Stress Cracking. 15 Failure Modes of Geomembranes. 15.1
Potential for Geomembrane Damage. 15.2 Failure of Installed Geomembranes.
16 Application Areas for Geomembranes. 16.1 Landfill Liners. 16.2 Landfill
Caps/Covers. 16.3 Mining Applications. 16.4 Floating Covers. 16.5 Tank
Liners. 17 Welding of Geomembranes. 17.1 Wedge Welding. 17.2 Hot Air Fusion
Welding. 17.3 Extrusion Welding. 17.4 General Overview of Thermal Welding
Methods. 17.5 Potential Thermal Welding Problems. 17.6 Defects that can
Affect Weld Integrity. 17.7 Trial Welds and Field Welds. 17.8 Chemical
Welding of Geomembranes. 17.9 General Welding Instructions for
HDPE/LLDPE/fPP Geomembranes. 17.10 General Welding Instructions for PVC
Geomembranes. 18 Geomembrane Weld Testing Methods. 18.1 Introduction to
Weld Testing. 18.2 Visual Inspection of Welds. 18.3 Nondestructive Seam
Tests. 18.4 Destructive Weld Tests. 18.5 Forensic Weld Examination. 18.6
Leak Location Testing. 19 Geomembrane Installation Factors. 19.1
Introduction. 19.2 Design Considerations. 19.3 Installation and Damage
Considerations. Appendix 1 Glossary. Appendix 2 Geomembrane Test Methods.
American Society for Testing and Material. Geomembrane (GM) Related Test
Methods and Standards from GRI. Geomembrane Testing Methods Conversion
Table ASTM and ISO. Index.