This comprehensive overview of Venezuelan history, culture, and politics is designed to ground the high school student's knowledge of the crucial role of the nation on the international scene. Venezuela stands out as one of Latin America's most influential, yet controversial countries, leading students to want to know more about the nation and its outspoken president. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to ground an understanding of the contemporary nation, Venezuela provides the reader with an overview of the Venezuelan story from 1499 to the present. The study provides a comprehensive look…mehr
This comprehensive overview of Venezuelan history, culture, and politics is designed to ground the high school student's knowledge of the crucial role of the nation on the international scene. Venezuela stands out as one of Latin America's most influential, yet controversial countries, leading students to want to know more about the nation and its outspoken president. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to ground an understanding of the contemporary nation, Venezuela provides the reader with an overview of the Venezuelan story from 1499 to the present. The study provides a comprehensive look at all aspects of life in this South American powerhouse, discussing the nation's geography, history, government and politics, economy, society, and culture. Specific attention is directed to topics such as industry, labor, religion, ethnicity, women, etiquette, literature, art, music, and food, among many others. In addition, the book examines the controversy surrounding Venezuelan leader Hugo Chávez. Written in an accessible and engaging tone, this volume is ideal for high school and undergraduate students-and essential for library shelves.
Elizabeth Gackstetter Nichols is professor of Spanish and chair of the Department of Languages at Drury University, Springfield, MO. Kimberly J. Morse is associate professor of history at Washburn University, Topekas, KS.
Inhaltsangabe
About the Authors Preface 1 Geography Death in El Dorado Geographic Overview The Maracaibo Lowlands: Fountain of Black Gold The Mountains of the West and North: From Andes Towns to Capital City Beaches Oil and Coffee! Following the Orinoco River to the Guiana Highlands: The Lost World The Orinoco Plains Amazonas and the Far South 2 HISTORY Timeline Colonial Beginnings The Established Colony and Colonial Institutions Independence The Long 19th Century Mi Benemérito Juan Vicente Gómez Oil Gómez Is Dead: Now What? The Trienio (1945-1948) Marcos Pérez Jiménez Punto Fijo The Good the Bad and the Ugly of Partidocracia The Very Ugly 1980s 3 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Branches of Government and Governmental Structure Federal and State Structure Political Parties Electoral System Constitution An Overview of Formative Events in Recent Venezuelan Politics The End of Puntofijismo and the Economic Crisis The First Military Coup Attempts 1998 Presidential Elections New President New Constitution Megaelections New Policies New Projects The 48-Hour Coup or the Chamber of Commerce Coup The Recall The Lesson of Social Polarization The "People's President" and Civil Society Chávez and Bolivarian Revolution: Successes and Failures-Trying to Occupy the Barren Middle Ground Democracy and the Democratic Process Poverty and State Spending on the Poor 4 ECONOMY Overview A Note on the Informal Economy Industry Neoliberalism Labor Economics and Politics in the Chávez Era Trade and Finance Land Reform Conclusion 5 SOCIETY Introduction Religion and Thought Religion and Religiosity The Catholic Church in the Colonial Era Church State and Society in the 19th and 20th Century Popular Religion and Religiosity María Lionza Protestantism in Venezuela Practical Religiosity Social Classes and Ethnicity Who Is Venezuelan?: Race and Class in Venezuela Indigenous Venezuelans in the Colonial Era Slave and Free African and Mixed Race in Colonial Venezuela White Venezuelans in the Colonial Era Living Together in the Colonial Era Establishing the Rules about Coexistence and Interaction after Independence Indigenous Venezuelans in the 19th Century Blurring the Line between Race and Class Women and Marriage Oppression and Adoration: Women in Education Politics and Beauty Pageants Public versus Private: Social and Historical Context Current Political and Social Status Education and Income Marriage and Health Politics The Dividing Line of Social Class The Goddess and the Queen Oppression and Adoration: The Paradox The Revolutionary Gay Movement: Seeking a Place for LGBT Rights in 21st-Century Venezuela Education Education: A Path to Modernization and Equality Historical Background Contemporary Overview Exemplary Public Higher Education: The Universidad Central de Venezuela Changes to the Educational System Controversy and Opposition to Educational Changes Conclusions 6 CULTURE Introduction Language Preliminary Expansion and Domination of Castilian Andrés Bello Cleans Up the Language Modern Spanish in Venezuela: Would Bello Be Proud? Indigenous Languages in Venezuela: Language Domination and Survival Other Indigenous Languages The Importance of English Case Study: Little Venice Etiquette Respect and the Family Etiquette and Growing Up Etiquette Family and the Daily Rhythms of Life Etiquette Family and Dating Clothing Parties and Other Gatherings Formal or Otherwise Time and Traffic Etiquette and Language for Professionals Literature Andrés Bello: Writer Philosopher Jurist Educator All-Around Intellectual Hero The 19th Century and Intellectual Autonomy Women Writing the 20th Century and Beyond Working Together: Literary Groups Public Poetry and the Writer-Statesman Art Mysterious Rock Art Armando Reverón Remakes the Venezuelan Landscape Alejandro Otero and the Geometric Revolution Soto and Cruz-Diez: Making Art Move Gego and the Reticulated Image Marisol: Pop Art with a Message Javier Téllez: Video Passports to Other Spaces Monuments to National Art and National Pride Popular Art in 21st-Century Caracas Music Teresa Carreño: Classical Heroine Classical Music in Contemporary Venezuela: Creating Opportunity Popular Music: The National Sound The Voice of the People: Community Radio and Contemporary Rap Music Food Corn and Rice Fruits and Vegetables Meat and Seafood Beverages Agricultural Production and Price Controls Sports and Leisure Baseball: The National Sport Soccer Other Sports Leisure Activities Festivals: Tradition and Modernity Combine Popular Culture The Most Popular of Culture: The Telenovela Other Programs and Issues in the World of Venezuelan Television Film Pageantry and the Price of Beauty Architecture Vernacular Architecture Colonial Architecture The Advent of Professional Architecture Misión Habitat: 21st-Century Approaches to Public Housing 7 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Internal Issues: Instability Insecurity and Human Rights Political Instability Corruption Freedom of the Press and Freedom of Assembly Electricity and Water Problems Foreign Relations: Chasing Bolívar's Dream Venezuela-Colombia Relations Venezuela and the United States Conclusions Glossary Facts and Figures Major Venezuelan Holidays and Festivals Country-Related Organizations Annotated Bibliography Thematic Index Index
About the Authors Preface 1 Geography Death in El Dorado Geographic Overview The Maracaibo Lowlands: Fountain of Black Gold The Mountains of the West and North: From Andes Towns to Capital City Beaches Oil and Coffee! Following the Orinoco River to the Guiana Highlands: The Lost World The Orinoco Plains Amazonas and the Far South 2 HISTORY Timeline Colonial Beginnings The Established Colony and Colonial Institutions Independence The Long 19th Century Mi Benemérito Juan Vicente Gómez Oil Gómez Is Dead: Now What? The Trienio (1945-1948) Marcos Pérez Jiménez Punto Fijo The Good the Bad and the Ugly of Partidocracia The Very Ugly 1980s 3 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Branches of Government and Governmental Structure Federal and State Structure Political Parties Electoral System Constitution An Overview of Formative Events in Recent Venezuelan Politics The End of Puntofijismo and the Economic Crisis The First Military Coup Attempts 1998 Presidential Elections New President New Constitution Megaelections New Policies New Projects The 48-Hour Coup or the Chamber of Commerce Coup The Recall The Lesson of Social Polarization The "People's President" and Civil Society Chávez and Bolivarian Revolution: Successes and Failures-Trying to Occupy the Barren Middle Ground Democracy and the Democratic Process Poverty and State Spending on the Poor 4 ECONOMY Overview A Note on the Informal Economy Industry Neoliberalism Labor Economics and Politics in the Chávez Era Trade and Finance Land Reform Conclusion 5 SOCIETY Introduction Religion and Thought Religion and Religiosity The Catholic Church in the Colonial Era Church State and Society in the 19th and 20th Century Popular Religion and Religiosity María Lionza Protestantism in Venezuela Practical Religiosity Social Classes and Ethnicity Who Is Venezuelan?: Race and Class in Venezuela Indigenous Venezuelans in the Colonial Era Slave and Free African and Mixed Race in Colonial Venezuela White Venezuelans in the Colonial Era Living Together in the Colonial Era Establishing the Rules about Coexistence and Interaction after Independence Indigenous Venezuelans in the 19th Century Blurring the Line between Race and Class Women and Marriage Oppression and Adoration: Women in Education Politics and Beauty Pageants Public versus Private: Social and Historical Context Current Political and Social Status Education and Income Marriage and Health Politics The Dividing Line of Social Class The Goddess and the Queen Oppression and Adoration: The Paradox The Revolutionary Gay Movement: Seeking a Place for LGBT Rights in 21st-Century Venezuela Education Education: A Path to Modernization and Equality Historical Background Contemporary Overview Exemplary Public Higher Education: The Universidad Central de Venezuela Changes to the Educational System Controversy and Opposition to Educational Changes Conclusions 6 CULTURE Introduction Language Preliminary Expansion and Domination of Castilian Andrés Bello Cleans Up the Language Modern Spanish in Venezuela: Would Bello Be Proud? Indigenous Languages in Venezuela: Language Domination and Survival Other Indigenous Languages The Importance of English Case Study: Little Venice Etiquette Respect and the Family Etiquette and Growing Up Etiquette Family and the Daily Rhythms of Life Etiquette Family and Dating Clothing Parties and Other Gatherings Formal or Otherwise Time and Traffic Etiquette and Language for Professionals Literature Andrés Bello: Writer Philosopher Jurist Educator All-Around Intellectual Hero The 19th Century and Intellectual Autonomy Women Writing the 20th Century and Beyond Working Together: Literary Groups Public Poetry and the Writer-Statesman Art Mysterious Rock Art Armando Reverón Remakes the Venezuelan Landscape Alejandro Otero and the Geometric Revolution Soto and Cruz-Diez: Making Art Move Gego and the Reticulated Image Marisol: Pop Art with a Message Javier Téllez: Video Passports to Other Spaces Monuments to National Art and National Pride Popular Art in 21st-Century Caracas Music Teresa Carreño: Classical Heroine Classical Music in Contemporary Venezuela: Creating Opportunity Popular Music: The National Sound The Voice of the People: Community Radio and Contemporary Rap Music Food Corn and Rice Fruits and Vegetables Meat and Seafood Beverages Agricultural Production and Price Controls Sports and Leisure Baseball: The National Sport Soccer Other Sports Leisure Activities Festivals: Tradition and Modernity Combine Popular Culture The Most Popular of Culture: The Telenovela Other Programs and Issues in the World of Venezuelan Television Film Pageantry and the Price of Beauty Architecture Vernacular Architecture Colonial Architecture The Advent of Professional Architecture Misión Habitat: 21st-Century Approaches to Public Housing 7 CONTEMPORARY ISSUES Internal Issues: Instability Insecurity and Human Rights Political Instability Corruption Freedom of the Press and Freedom of Assembly Electricity and Water Problems Foreign Relations: Chasing Bolívar's Dream Venezuela-Colombia Relations Venezuela and the United States Conclusions Glossary Facts and Figures Major Venezuelan Holidays and Festivals Country-Related Organizations Annotated Bibliography Thematic Index Index
Es gelten unsere Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen: www.buecher.de/agb
Impressum
www.buecher.de ist ein Shop der buecher.de GmbH & Co. KG Bürgermeister-Wegele-Str. 12, 86167 Augsburg Amtsgericht Augsburg HRA 13309
