Lloyd R. Snyder, John W. Dolan

High-Performance Gradient Elution

The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Gradient elution demystified

Of the various ways in which chromatography is applied today, few have been as misunderstood as the technique of gradient elution, which presents many challenges compared to isocratic separation. When properly explained, however, gradient elution can be less difficult to understand and much easier to use than often assumed.

Written by two well-known authorities in liquid chromatography, High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model takes the mystery out of the practice of gradient elution and helps remove barriers to the practical application of this important separation technique. The book presents a systematic approach to the current understanding of gradient elution, describing theory, methodology, and applications across many of the fields that use liquid chromatography as a primary analytical tool.

This up-to-date, practical, and comprehensive treatment of gradient elution:
_ Provides specific, step-by-step recommendations for developing a gradient separation for any sample
_ Describes the best approach for troubleshooting problems with gradient methods
_ Guides the reader on the equipment used for gradient elution
_ Lists which conditions should be varied first during method development, and explains how to interpret scouting gradients
_ Explains how to avoid problems in transferring gradient methods

With a focus on the use of linear solvent strength (LSS) theory for predicting gradient LC behavior and separations by reversed-phase HPLC, High-Performance Gradient Elution gives every chromatographer access to this useful tool.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley & Sons
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 496
• Erscheinungstermin: 1. November 2006
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 240mm x 161mm x 31mm
• Gewicht: 815g
• ISBN-13: 9780471706465
• ISBN-10: 0471706469
• Artikelnr.: 21471851

Autorenporträt

LLOYD R. SNYDER, PHD, is a Principal at LC Resources in Walnut Creek, California. He is the author or coauthor of several books including An Introduction to Separation Science, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, Second Edition, and the bestselling Practical HPLC Method Development, Second Edition, all published by Wiley. JOHN W. DOLAN, PHD, is a Principal at LC Resources. He is author of the popular " LC Troubleshooting" column in LCGC Magazine and coauthor with Lloyd Snyder of Troubleshooting LC Systems.

Inhaltsangabe

PREFACE. GLOSSARY OF SYMBOLS AND TERMS. 1 INTRODUCTION. 1.1 The "General
Elution Problem" and the Need for Gradient Elution. 1.2 Other Reasons for
the Use of Gradient Elution. 1.3 Gradient Shape. 1.4 Similarity of
Isocratic and Gradient Elution. 1.5 Computer Simulation. 1.6 Sample
Classification. 2 GRADIENT ELUTION FUNDAMENTALS. 2.1 Isocratic Separation.
2.2 Gradient Separation. 2.3 Effect of Gradient Conditions on Separation.
2.4 Related Topics. 3 METHOD DEVELOPMENT. 3.1 A Systematic Approach to
Method Development. 3.2 Initial Experiments. 3.3 Developing a Gradient
Separation: Resolution versus Conditions. 3.4 Computer Simulation. 3.5
Method Reproducibility and Related Topics. 3.6 Additional Means for an
Increase in Separation Selectivity. 3.7 Orthogonal Separations. 4 GRADIENT
EQUIPMENT. 4.1 Gradient System Design. 4.2 General Considerations in System
Selection. 4.3 Measuring Gradient System Performance. 4.4 Dwell Volume
Considerations. 5 SEPARATION ARTIFACTS AND TROUBLESHOOTING. 5.1 Avoiding
Problems. 5.2 Method Transfer. 5.3 Column Equilibration. 5.4 Separation
Artifacts. 5.5 Troubleshooting. 6 SEPARATION OF LARGE MOLECULES. 6.1
General Considerations. 6.2 Biomolecules. 6.3 Synthetic Polymers. 7
PREPARATIVE SEPARATIONS. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Isocratic Separation. 7.3
Gradient Separation. 7.4 Severely Overloaded Separation. 8 OTHER
APPLICATIONS OF GRADIENT ELUTION. 8.1 Gradient Elution for LC-MS. 8.2
Ion-Exchange Chromatography. 8.3 Normal-Phase Chromatography. 8.4 Ternary-
or Quaternary-Solvent Gradients. 9 THEORY AND DERIVATIONS. 9.1 The Linear
Solvent Strength Model. 9.2 Second-Order Effects. 9.3. Accuracy of Gradient
Elution Predictions. 9.4 Values of S. 9.5 Values of N in Gradient Elution.
Appendix I: THE CONSTANT-S APPROXIMATION IN GRADIENT ELUTION. Appendix II:
ESTIMATION OF CONDITIONS FOR ISOCRATIC ELUTION, BASED ON AN INITIAL
GRADIENT RUN. Appendix III: CHARACTERIZATION OF REVERSED-PHASE COLUMNS FOR
SELECTIVITY AND PEAK TAILING. Appendix IV: SOLVENT PROPERTIES RELEVANT TO
THE USE OF GRADIENT ELUTION. Appendix V: THEORY OF PREPARATIVE SEPARATION.
Appendix VI FURTHER INFORMATION ON VIRUS CHROMATOGRAPHY. Index.