Acid Gas Injection and Related Technologies

Herausgegeben von Wu, Ying; Carroll, John J.

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Large producers have started to use gas injection for their applications and in the future it is predicted that this trend will increase. This book is the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of this technique, which is rapidly increasing in importance and usage in the natural gas and petroleum industry. The authors, a group of the most well-known and respected in the field, discuss, in a series of papers, this technology and related technologies as to how they can best be used by industry to creating a safer, cleaner environment.

Produktdetails

• Advances in Natural Gas Engineering
• Verlag: Wiley & Sons
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 468
• Erscheinungstermin: 22. März 2011
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 236mm x 157mm x 28mm
• Gewicht: 778g
• ISBN-13: 9781118016640
• ISBN-10: 1118016645
• Artikelnr.: 32314188

Autorenporträt

Ying (Alice) Wu is currently the President of Sphere Technology Connection Ltd. (STC) in Calgary, Canada. From 1983 to 1999 she was an Assistant Professor and Researcher at Southwest Petroleum Institute (now Southwest Petroleum University, SWPU) in Sichuan, China. She received her MSc in Petroleum Engineering from the SWPU and her BSc in Petroleum Engineering from Daqing Petroleum University in Heilongjiang, China. John J. Carroll, PhD, PEng is the Director, Geostorage Process Engineering for Gas Liquids Engineering, Ltd. in Calgary, Canada. Dr. Carroll holds bachelor and doctoral degrees in chemical engineering from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, and is a registered professional engineer in the provinces of Alberta and New Brunswick in Canada. His fist book, Natural Gas Hydrates: A Guide for Engineers, is now in its second edition, and he is the author or co-author of 50 technical publications and about 40 technical presentations.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface. Introduction. Acid Gas Injection: Past, Present, and Future (John
J. Carroll). Section 1: Data and Correlation. 1. Equilibrium Water Content
Measurements For Acid Gas Mixtures (R. A. Marriott, E. Fitzpatrick, F.
Bernard, H. H. Wan, K. L. Lesage, P. M. Davis, and P. D. Clark). 1.1
Introduction. 1.2 Available Literature Data. 1.3 Equilibration Vessels /
Techniques. 1.4 Water Analysis. 1.5 Sampling Issues for Analytic Methods.
1.6 Some Recent Results and Future Directions. 2. The Performance of State
of the Art Industrial Thermodynamic Models for the Correlation and
Prediction of Acid Gas Solubility in Water (Marco A. Satyro and James van
der Lee). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Thermodynamic Modeling. 2.3 Water Content.
2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations. 3. The Research on Experiments and
Theories about Hydrates in High-Sulfur Gas Reservoirs (Liu Jianyi, Zhang
Guangdong, Ye Chongqing, Zhang Jing and Liu Yanli). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2
Experimental Tests. 3.3 Thermodynamic Model. 3.4 Experimental Evaluation.
3.5 Conclusions. 4. An Association Model for the Correlation of the
Solubility of Elemental Sulfur in Sour Gases (Bian Xiaoqing, Du ZHimin and
Chen Jing). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Derivation of an Association Model. 4.3
Calculation and Analysis of Solubility. 4.4 Conclusions. 5. Properties of
CO2 Relevant To Sequestration - Density (Sara Anwar and John J. Carroll).
5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Review and Correlation. 5.3 Density. 6. The
Experimental Study of the Effect of the CO2 Content on Natural Gas
Properties at Gathering Conditions (Du Jianfen, Hu Yue, Guo Ping, Deng Lei,
and Yang Suyun). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Experimental Test Process. 6.3
Experimental Principles and Methods. 6.4 Experimental Conditions. 6.5
Analysis of Experimental Results. 6.6 Conclusions. Section 2: Process
Engineering. 7. Dehydration of Acid Gas Prior to Injection (Eugene W.
Grynia, John J. Carroll, and Peter J. Griffin). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Acid
Gas Phase Diagrams. 7.3 Water Content of Acid Gas. 7.4 Water Content of
Acid Gas for Different Isotherms. 7.5 Effect of Impurities on Water Content
of Acid Gas. 7.6 Acid Gas Dehydration. 7.7 Hydrates of Acid Gas. 7.8
Conclusions. 8. Limitations And Challenges Associated With The Disposal Of
Mercaptan-Rich Acid Gas Streams By Injection - A Case Study (Felise Man and
John J. Carroll). 8.1 Properties of Mercaptans. 8.2 Limitations of Process
Simulation Tools and Process Design. 8.3 Case Study. 8.4 Conclusions. 9.
Acid Gas: When to Inject and When to Incinerate (Audrey Mascarenhas). 9.1
Incineration Technology. 9.2 Conclusion. 10. Dynamics of Acid Gas Injection
Well Operation (R. Mireault, R. Stocker, D. Dunn, and M. Pooladi-Darvish).
10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Effects of Gas Composition. 10.3 Determining
Wellhead Operating Pressure. 10.4 Computing Wellbore Pressure Changes. 10.5
Example 1. 10.6 Example 2. 10.7 Sensitivity Analysis. 10.8 Conclusions.
Section 3: CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery. Learnings from CO2 Miscible Floods
Provides Design Guidelines for CO2 Sequestration (Jim Louie). 11.1
Introduction. 11.2 Encana Weyburn and Apache Midale Projects. 11.3 Why
CO2for EOR? 11.4 Properties of CO2. 11.5 CO2Dehydration 11.6 Materials
Selection 11.6.1 Supply Carbon Dioxide Pipeline 11.6.2 Production Pipelines
11.7 Mercaptans 11.8 Safety Hazards of CO2. 11.9 Capital Costs. 11.10
Summary. 12. Reservoir Simulation of CO2 Injection after Water Flooding in
Xinli Oil Field (Fu Yu, Du Zhimin and Guo Xiao). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
The Xinli Field. 12.3 CO2Flooding Parameters. 12.4 Numerical Simulations.
12.5 The Numerical Simulation of Xinli District. 12.6 Conclusions. 13.
Study on Development Effect of CO2 Huff and Puff Process in Horizontal Well
in Normal Heavy Oil Reservoir (Guo Ping, Huang Qin, Li Min, Zhang Wei, Du
Jianfen and Zhao Binbin). 13.1 Overview. 13.2 Stimulation Mechanism of
CO2Huff and Puff Process. 13.3 Single Well Numerical Simulation of CO2Huff
and Puff Process. 13.4 Conclusions. 14. The Study on Mathematic Models of
Multi-Phase Porous Flow for CO2 Drive in Ultra-Low Permeability and Its
Application (Zhu Weiyao, Ju Yan, Chen Jiecheng and Liu Jinzi). 14.1
Introduction. 14.2 Mathematical Model of Oil Displacement with CO2Injection
in the Ultra-low Permeability Reservoir. 14.3 Experimental Study of
Ultra-low Permeability Reservoir CO2Flooding. 14.4 Numerical Simulation.
14.5 Conclusion. 15. Experimental Appraisal and Single-well Simulation for
C02 Injection Feasibility in Liaohe Light Oil Blocks (Xiong Yu, Zhang
Liehui, Sun Lei and Wu Yi). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Phase Behavior of
Formation Crude. 15.3 C02 Injection Experiment and Fluid Properties. 15.4
CO2 Injection Feasibility Analysis and Parameter Optimization of XB-S3.
15.5 Conclusion. 16. Experiment Study about Phase Transition
Characteristics of CO2 in Low-permeable Porous Media (Guo Ping, Wang Juan,
Fan Jianming and Luo Yuqiong). 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 Testing System. 16.3
Testing Devices. 16.4 Test Results and Discussions. 16.5 Experiment
Phenomenon. 16.6 Conclusions. 17. Mechanism Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide
Miscible Flooding - Caoshe Oilfield, a Case Study (Tang Yong, Du Zhimin,
Sun Lei, Vu Kai, Liu Wei and Chen Zuhua). 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Phase
Behavior Experiment Simulation of CO2Injection in CS Oilfield. 17.3
Evaluation of CO2 Injection Minimum Miscibility Pressure. 17.4 Mechanism
Evaluation of C02 Miscible Flooding by One-dimensional Simulation. 17.5
Miscible Flooding Processes in Profile Model of Injector-producer Well
Group. 17.6 Conclusions. 18. Selecting and Performance Evaluating of
Surfactant in Carbon Dioxide Foam Flooding in Caoshe Oil Field (Yi Xiangyi,
Zhang Shaonan, Lu Yuan, Li Chun, Jiao Lili and Liu Wei). 18.1 Introduction.
18.2 Geological Characteristics in Taizhou Formation of Caoshe Oil Field.
18.3 Techniques to Improve the Effect of CO2 Flooding. 18.4 Selecting and
Evaluating of Surfactant. 18.5 Conclusions. Section 4: Materials and
Corrosion. 19. Casing and Tubing Design for Sour Oil & Gas Field (Sun
Yongxing, Lin Yuanhua, Wang Zhongsheng, Shi Taihe, You Xiaobo, Zhang Guo,
Liu Hongbin, and Zhu Dajiang). 19.1 Introduction. 19.2 SSC Testing. 19.3
Casing and Tubing Design in Fracture Mechanics. 19.4 Conclusions. 20.
Material Evaluation and Selection of OCTG and Gathering Lines for High Sour
Gas Fields in China (Zeng Dezhi, Huang Liming, Gu Tan, Lin Yuanhua, Liu
Zhide, Yuan Xi, Zhu Hongjun, Huo Shaoquan, and Xiao Xuelan). 20.1
Introduction. 20.2 Material Evaluation and Selection of OCTG for High Sour
Gas Fields. 20.3 Indoor Corrosion Evaluation. 20.4 Field Corrosion
Evaluation in Tian Dong 5-1. 20.5 Material Evaluation and Selection of
Gathering Lines for High Sour Gas Fields. 20.6 Indoor Corrosion Evaluation.
20.7 Field Corrosion Evaluation in Tian Dong 5-1. 20.8 Conclusion. Section
5: Reservoir Engineering, Geology, and Geochemistry. 21. Concentration
Gradients Associated With Acid Gas Injection (S. J. Talman and E.H.
Perkins). 21.1 Introduction. 21.2 Results. 21.3 Conclusions. 22. A New
Comprehensive Mathematical Model of Formation Damage in Fractured Gas
Reservoirs with High H2S Content (Fu Dekui, Guo Xiao, Du Zhimin, Fu Yu,
Zhang Yong, Deng Shenghui, and Liu Linqing). 22.1 Introduction. 22.2
Mathematical Model. 22.3 Case Application. 22.4 Conclusions. 23. Evaluation
of Formation Damage Due to Sulfur Deposition (Guo Xiao, Du Zhitnin, Yang
Xuefeng, Zhang Yong, and Fu Dekui). 23.1 Introduction. 23.2 Experimental
Investigation of Sulfur Deposition. 23.3 Deposited Sulfur of Core Samples.
23.4 Experimental Results. 23.5 Conclusions. 24. Numerical Simulation
Studies on Sour Gas Flowing Mechanisms in Gas Reservoirs with High H2S
Content (Zhang Yong, Du Zhimin, Guo Xiao, and Yang Xuefeng). 24.1
Introduction. 24.2 Phase Behavior Characteristics of Highly Sour Gas
Systems. 24.3 Sour Gas Flow Numerical Model for Highly Sour Gas Reservoir.
24.4 Conclusions. 25. Why Does Shut-In Well Head Pressure of Sour Gas Well
Decrease During Formation Testing? (Guo Xiao, Du Zhimin and Fu Dekui). 25.1
Introduction. 25.2 Mathematical Model of Heavy Gas Fraction. 25.3 Analysis
of Heavy Gas Fraction. 25.4 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Pressure
Numeration in Sour Gas Wells. 25.5 Conclusion. 26. Impaction of the
Stacking Pattern of Sandstone and Mudstone on the Porosity and Permeability
of Sandstone Reservoirs in Different Buried Depths (Zhong Dekang and Zhu
Xiaomin). 26.1 Introduction. 26.2 Stacking Pattern of Sandstone and
Mudstone. 26.3 The Characteristics of Physical Property of Reservoirs in
Sandstone-mudstone Interbed. 26.4 The Discussion of Variation Mechanism of
Physical Properties of Sandstone - Mudstone Interbed. 26.5 Conclusion.
Index.