Practical Flow Cytometry in Haematology Diagnosis Dr Mike Leach, Dr Mark Drummond and Dr Allyson Doig Department of Haematology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK Haematology Department, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK Department of Haematology, Gartnavel Hospital, Glasgow, UK The accurate diagnosis of haematologic malignancies is a complex and challenging task. It routinely involves morphologic, molecular, cytogenetic and flow cytometric expertise. To determine what treatment protocol will be followed, it is vital to integrate, interpret and report these results…mehr
Practical Flow Cytometry in Haematology Diagnosis Dr Mike Leach, Dr Mark Drummond and Dr Allyson Doig Department of Haematology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK Haematology Department, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK Department of Haematology, Gartnavel Hospital, Glasgow, UK The accurate diagnosis of haematologic malignancies is a complex and challenging task. It routinely involves morphologic, molecular, cytogenetic and flow cytometric expertise. To determine what treatment protocol will be followed, it is vital to integrate, interpret and report these results accurately. Flow cytometry is key in this diagnostic pathway. This book guides the reader as to how flow cytometry results should be interpreted and applied to optimize patient care. At the core of this text is an appreciation of clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic correlation and the importance of constant liaison and discussion between the medical and scientific teams. The authors present a logical and practical approach to the diagnosis of blood disorders (both neoplastic and reactive) and evaluate the diagnostic applications of flow cytometry. Practical Flow Cytometry in Haematology Diagnosis provides: ? A clinical reference source on all aspects of flow cytometry, covering both malignant and benign conditions ? Carefully chosen real-life cases in each chapter, complemented by high quality morphological images ? Help in making a diagnosis, together with an understanding of the limitations of the technique and the potential pitfalls All those who instigate, perform, interpret or act upon flow cytometry patient material will find this book an invaluable guide. Titles of related interest Ortolani: Flow Cytometry of Hematological Malignancies (2011) ISBN: 978-1-4443-3588-0 Kottke-Marchant: Laboratory Hematology Practice (2012) ISBN: 978-1-4051-6218-0
Dr Mike Leach - Department of Haematology, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK Dr Mark Drummond - Haematology Department, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK Dr Allyson Doig - Department of Haematology, Gartnavel Hospital, Glasgow, UK
Inhaltsangabe
Preface vii Acknowledgements viii 1 Introduction 1 References 2 2 Principles of Flow Cytometry 3 Introduction 3 Sample preparation 3 The flow cytometer 4 The fluidic system 4 The optical system 5 The electronic system 9 Data display 9 Acknowledgements 18 References 19 3 Limitations 20 Introduction 20 Clinical context issues 20 Sampling issues 20 Technical issues 25 Interpretation issues 28 Conclusion 29 References 29 4 Normal Blood and Bone Marrow Populations 31 Normal stem and precursor cell populations 31 References 41 5 Acute Leukaemia 43 Introduction 43 Identification of neoplastic precursor cells 45 Lineage assignment of acute leukaemia 52 Acute myeloid leukaemia 54 Precursor lymphoid neoplasms (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma) 77 Examination of cerebro-spinal fluid and serous effusions 88 Identification of genetic abnormalities by flow 92 Conclusion 93 References 93 6 Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemias and Exfoliating Lymphoma 100 Normal peripheral blood lymphoid populations 100 Identification of clonal lymphoid populations 101 Identification of clonal B-cell disorders 101 CD5 positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders 102 CD10 positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders 116 B-cell disorders identified using an extended B-cell panel 121 Identification of clonal T-cell disorders 125 CD4 positive T-cell disorders 128 CD8 positive T-cell disorders 136 CD4/CD8 positive T-cell disorders 141 CD4/8 negative disorders 141 Flow cytometric assessment of serous effusions 146 Flow cytometric assessment of cerebrospinal fluid 146 Summary 149 References 149 7 Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms 152 Introduction 152 Myelodysplastic syndromes 152 Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms 163 Chronic myeloid leukaemia 165 The BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms 166 Mastocytosis 167 Summary 170 References 170 8 Disorders of Plasma Cells 173 Plasma cell disorders 173 Current diagnostic criteria 173 Plasma cell morphology 175 The applications of immunophenotyping to plasma cell disorders 178 References 183 9 Minimal Residual Disease 184 Introduction 184 Minimal residual disease analysis in the management of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 187 Conclusions 199 Acknowledgements 200 References 200 10 Red Cells Leucocytes and Platelets 202 Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria 202 Red cell membrane disorders 208 Foetal maternal haemorrhage 211 Lymphocyte subset analysis and immunodeficiency 214 Haemopoietic stem cell enumeration 214 Granulocyte disorders 215 Platelet disorders 219 References 221 11 Reactive and Non-neoplastic Phenomena 225 Peripheral blood 225 Bone marrow 231 Pleural and pericardial fluids 236 Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens 238 Cerebrospinal fluid 238 References 240 Index 243
Preface vii Acknowledgements viii 1 Introduction 1 References 2 2 Principles of Flow Cytometry 3 Introduction 3 Sample preparation 3 The flow cytometer 4 The fluidic system 4 The optical system 5 The electronic system 9 Data display 9 Acknowledgements 18 References 19 3 Limitations 20 Introduction 20 Clinical context issues 20 Sampling issues 20 Technical issues 25 Interpretation issues 28 Conclusion 29 References 29 4 Normal Blood and Bone Marrow Populations 31 Normal stem and precursor cell populations 31 References 41 5 Acute Leukaemia 43 Introduction 43 Identification of neoplastic precursor cells 45 Lineage assignment of acute leukaemia 52 Acute myeloid leukaemia 54 Precursor lymphoid neoplasms (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma) 77 Examination of cerebro-spinal fluid and serous effusions 88 Identification of genetic abnormalities by flow 92 Conclusion 93 References 93 6 Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemias and Exfoliating Lymphoma 100 Normal peripheral blood lymphoid populations 100 Identification of clonal lymphoid populations 101 Identification of clonal B-cell disorders 101 CD5 positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders 102 CD10 positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders 116 B-cell disorders identified using an extended B-cell panel 121 Identification of clonal T-cell disorders 125 CD4 positive T-cell disorders 128 CD8 positive T-cell disorders 136 CD4/CD8 positive T-cell disorders 141 CD4/8 negative disorders 141 Flow cytometric assessment of serous effusions 146 Flow cytometric assessment of cerebrospinal fluid 146 Summary 149 References 149 7 Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms 152 Introduction 152 Myelodysplastic syndromes 152 Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms 163 Chronic myeloid leukaemia 165 The BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms 166 Mastocytosis 167 Summary 170 References 170 8 Disorders of Plasma Cells 173 Plasma cell disorders 173 Current diagnostic criteria 173 Plasma cell morphology 175 The applications of immunophenotyping to plasma cell disorders 178 References 183 9 Minimal Residual Disease 184 Introduction 184 Minimal residual disease analysis in the management of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 187 Conclusions 199 Acknowledgements 200 References 200 10 Red Cells Leucocytes and Platelets 202 Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria 202 Red cell membrane disorders 208 Foetal maternal haemorrhage 211 Lymphocyte subset analysis and immunodeficiency 214 Haemopoietic stem cell enumeration 214 Granulocyte disorders 215 Platelet disorders 219 References 221 11 Reactive and Non-neoplastic Phenomena 225 Peripheral blood 225 Bone marrow 231 Pleural and pericardial fluids 236 Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens 238 Cerebrospinal fluid 238 References 240 Index 243
Rezensionen
"I would particularly recommend this book to haematology trainees, as an introduction to, but not as a replacement for, a period spent in an immunophenotyping laboratory." (British Journal of Haematology, 14 November 2014)
"There is no doubt that this book will find its way firmly onto the bookshelf in every laboratory, and into the work bags of many trainees." (Haem Trainee, 1 January 2014)
"This is a concise and very practical guide to the use of flow cytometry in hematological and hematopathological diagnosis. While not as detailed in immunophenotyping intricacies as other books of its kind, it shines with its practical approach and expert guidance applied to current clinical practice." (Doody's, 19 July 2013)
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