Jane King, Robert Dransfield, Terry Cook

Essential Economics for Cambridge IGCSE® & O Level

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Support your EAL learners with the clear approach of iEssential Economics for Cambridge IGCSE & O Level (Third Edition), which builds understanding and confidence. Written by examiners, it is fully matched to the latest syllabus (0455/2281), for examination from 2020.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Oxford University Press
• Seitenzahl: 248
• Erscheinungstermin: 19. April 2018
• Abmessung: 195mm x 264mm x 18mm
• Gewicht: 612g
• ISBN-13: 9780198424895
• ISBN-10: 0198424892
• Artikelnr.: 54944665

Inhaltsangabe

* Syllabus matching grid
* 1 The basic economic problem: Choice and the allocation of resources
* 1.1 The nature of the economic problem
* 1.1.1: The economic problem
* 1.1.2: Economic and free goods
* 1.2 The factors of production
* 1.2.1: Factors of production and their rewards
* 1.2.2: Mobility, quantity and quality of factors of production
* 1.3 Opportunity cost
* 1.3.1: Definition and examples of opportunity cost
* 1.3.2: Opportunity cost and economic decision making
* 1.4 Production possibility curves
* 1.4.1: The production possibility frontier
* 1.4.2: Movements and shifts along a production possibility curve
* Test yourself
* 2 The allocation of resources: How the market works and market
failure
* 2.1 Microeconomics and macroeconomics
* 2.1.1: The difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics
* 2.2 The roles of markets in allocating resources
* 2.2.1: The market system
* 2.2.2: Resource allocation decisions
* 2.3 Demand
* 2.3.1: Price and demand
* 2.3.2: Causes of shifts in the demand curve
* 2.4 Supply
* 2.4.1: Price and supply
* 2.4.2: Conditions of supply
* 2.5 Price determination
* 2.5.1: Market equilibrium
* 2.6 Price changes
* 2.6.1: Causes and consequences of price changes
* 2.7 Elasticity of demand
* 2.7.1: Price elasticity of demand
* 2.7.2: Elasticity of demand and total spending/product revenue
* 2.8 Elasticity of supply
* 2.8.1: Price elasticity of supply
* 2.9 Market economic systems
* 2.9.1: The market economic system
* 2.9.2: Merits and weaknesses of a market system
* 2.10 Market failure
* 10 Market failure 48 2.10.1: The nature of market failure
* 2.10.2: Private and social costs and benefits
* 2.10.3: Causes of market failure
* 2.11 Mixed economic systems
* 2.11.1: The nature of a mixed economy
* 2.11.2: Government influence on micro-economy: regulation
* 2.11.3: Government influence on micro-economy: subsidies
* 2.11.4: Government influence on micro-economy: indirect taxes
* Test yourself
* 3 Microeconomic decision makers: The individual as producer, consumer
and borrower
* 3.1 Money and banking
* 3.1.1: Money
* 3.1.2: Commercial banks
* 3.1.3: Central banks
* 3.2 Households
* 3.2.1: Influences on spending, saving and borrowing
* 3.2.2: Income and expenditure patterns
* 3.3 Workers
* 3.3.1: Factors affecting occupation choice
* 3.3.2: Wage determination
* 3.3.3: Differences in earnings
* 3.3.4: Division of labour/specialisation
* 3.4 Trade unions
* 3.4.1: Nature and purpose of trade unions
* 3.5 Firms
* 3.5.1: Classification of firms
* 3.5.2: Small firms
* 3.5.3: Growth of firms
* 3.5.4: Mergers and integration
* 3.5.5: Economies and diseconomies of scale
* 3.6 Firms and production
* 3.6.1: Demand for factors of production
* 3.6.2: Labour-intensive and capital-intensive production
* 3.6.3: Production and productivity
* 3.7 Firms' cost, revenue and objectives
* 3.7.1: Fixed and variable costs
* 3.7.2: Total and average costs
* 3.7.3: Output and costs
* 3.7.4: Revenue
* 3.7.5: Objectives of firms
* 3.8 Market structure
* 3.8.1: Competitive markets
* 3.8.2: Monopoly markets
* Test yourself
* 4 Government and the macroeconomy
* 4.1 The role of government
* 4.1.1: Government roles
* 4.2 Macroeconomic aims of government
* 4.2.1: Macroeconomic aims
* 4.2.2: Conflicts between government aims
* 4.3 Fiscal policy
* 4.3.1: Elements of fiscal policy
* 4.3.2: Classification of taxes
* 4.3.3: Principles and impacts of taxation
* 4.3.4: Fiscal policy and government aims
* 4.4 Monetary policy
* 4.4.1: Monetary policy measures
* 4.5 Supply-side policy
* 4.5.1: The effects of supply-side policy
* 4.6 Economic growth
* 4.6.1: Measuring Gross Domestic Product
* 4.6.2: Economic growth and recession
* 4.6.3: Illustrating growth and recession
* 4.6.4: Government policies for economic growth
* 4.7 Employment and unemployment
* 4.7.1: Patterns and levels of employment
* 4.7.2: Full employment
* 4.7.3: Causes of unemployment
* 4.7.4: Consequences of unemployment
* 4.8 Inflation and deflation
* 4.8.1: The Retail Prices Index and inflation
* 4.8.2: Causes of inflation
* 4.8.3: Consequences of inflation
* 4.8.4: Causes and consequences of deflation
* 4.8.5: Policies to control inflation and deflation
* Test yourself
* 5 Economic development
* 5.1: Living standards
* 5.1.1: Indicators of living standards
* 5.1.2: Comparing living standards and income distribution
* 5.2 Poverty
* 5.2.1: Causes of poverty
* 5.2.2: Policies to alleviate poverty
* 5.3 Population
* 5.3.1: Factors that affect population growth
* 5.3.2: Reasons for different rates of population growth
* 5.3.3: Problems of population change
* 5.3.4: The effect of changing population sizes on an economy
* 5.3.5: Changes in population structure and their effect on an economy
* 5.4 Differences in economic development between countries
* 5.4.1: Different rates of development
* 5.4.2: Factors affecting development
* Test yourself
* 6 International trade and globalisation
* 6.1 International specialisation
* 6.1.1: Advantages and disadvantages of specialisation
* 6.2 Globalisation, free trade and protection
* 6.2.1: Globalisation
* 6.2.2: Multinationals
* 6.2.3: The benefits of free trade
* 6.2.4: Methods of protection
* 6.2.5: Reasons for protection
* 6.3 Foreign exchange rates
* 6.3.1: Exchange rates
* 6.3.2: Causes of foreign exchange rate fluctuations
* 6.3.3: Consequences of fluctuations
* 6.4 The balance of payments
* 6.4.1: The current account of the balance of payments
* 6.4.2: Current account deficit and surplus
* 6.4.3: Policies to achieve balance of payments stability
* Test yourself
* Glossary
* Index