Benjamin Kissin, Henri Begleiter

The Biology of Alcoholism (eBook, PDF)

Volume 2: Physiology and Behavior

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Alcoholism is a uniquely human condition. Although some forms of alcohol dependence can be induced experimentally in a variety of laboratory animals, the complete spectrum of alcoholism with all of its physical, psychological, and social implications occurs only in man. The special quality of this relationship becomes more significant when one considers that the manifestations of most physical disease syndromes in animals and man are more similar than they are different. The uniqueness of alcoholism lies in the fact that it is one of the few physical diseases which reflects at all levels the problems of individuals coping with the complexities of human society. In order to present a more coherent picture of these complex relationships, we have attempted to impose a logical sequence upon the material. This sequence lies along a dual parameter-from the physical to the social and from the theor etical to the empirical. Consequently, it was natural for the first volume in this series to deal with biochemistry, the most basic and physical aspect of the inter action of alcohol and man. It is equally natural for this, the second volume, to deal with physiology and behavior, for these levels of phenomenology-partic ularly the latter-are already more empirical and psychological in their mani festations. Finally, the third volume, clinical pathology, describes the disease itself, with all of the medical and social implications carried in the word "alcoholism.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer US
• Seitenzahl: 552
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781468408959
• Artikelnr.: 44043687

Inhaltsangabe

of Volume 2 Physiology and Behavior.- 1 Effects of Alcohol on the Neuron.- The Phenomenology of Physiological Depression.- Summary.- References.- 2 Peripheral Nerve and Muscle Disorders Associated with Alcoholism.- Peripheral Nerve.- Muscle.- Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 3 The Effects of Alcohol on Evoked Potentials of Various Parts of the Central Nervous System of the Cat.- Experimental Methods.- Results of Various Types of Stimulation.- Discussion and Conclusions.- References.- 4 Brain Centers of Reinforcement and Effects of Alcohol.- History.- Topographic Organization.- Intensity of Effect.- Drive Relations.- Autonomic Relations.- Positive and Negative Reinforcement.- Self-stimulation, Epileptiform Activity, and Neuronal Activity.- Behavioral Aspects.- Drug Experiments.- Summary.- References.- 5 Factors Underlying Differences in Alcohol Preference of Inbred Strains of Mice.- The Inbred Mouse as Subject Introduction.- Measurement of Alcohol Preference.- Genetic Effects on Alcohol Preference.- Nutritional Effects on Alcohol Preference.- Experiential Effects on Alcohol Preference.- Physiologic Correlates of Alcohol Preference.- Pathological Effects of Long-Term Alcohol Consumption.- Pathological Effects of Alcohol Not Voluntarily Ingested.- Summary and Implications.- References.- 6 The Determinants of Alcohol Preference in Animals.- Measuring Alcohol Preference in Animals.- Biological Mechanisms in Alcohol Selection.- Environmental Changes and Alcohol Preference.- Biochemical Factors in Self-selection of Alcohol.- Conclusions.- References.- 7 Voluntary Alcohol Consumption in Apes.- Use of Nonhuman Primates in Studies of Alcohol Consumption.- General Variables Related to Alcohol Consumption in Apes.- Effects of Alcohol Consumption in Apes.- Overview.- References.- 8 State-Dependent Learning Produced by Alcohol and Its Relevance to Alcoholism.- Available Information.- Experimental Procedures.- Properties of Drug Discriminability.- Discriminative Control by Alcohol.- Animal Dissociation Experiments.- State-Dependent Learning in Humans.- Drug Discrimination in Humans.- Dissociation and the Alcoholic Blackout.- Can Dissociation Cause Dependence?.- Implications for the Treatment of Alcoholism.- Summary.- References.- 9 Behavioral Studies of Alcoholism.- Drinking Patterns.- The Effects of Alcohol on Behavioral and Biological Factors.- Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 10 The Effects of Alcohol on the Central Nervous System in Humans.- Introduction: Research Questions and Methodological Problems.- The Electroencephalogram in Chronic Alcoholics.- Experimental Studies of CNS Activity During Acute Administration of Alcohol.- The Effects of Long-Term Administration on the Electroencephalogram.- The Effects of Alcohol in Brain-Evoked Responses.- The Effects of Alcohol on the Recovery Function of Evoked Potentials.- Summary.- References.- 11 Changes in Cardiovascular Activity as a Function of Alcohol Intake.- Mythology of Alcohol and the Cardiovascular System..- Alcohol and the Central Circulation.- Alcohol and the Peripheral Circulation.- Alcohol and Specific Cardiovascular Disorders.- References.- 12 The Effect of Alcohol on the Autonomic Nervous System of Humans: Psychophysiological Approach.- Autonomie Nervous System.- Psychophysiological Studies of Human ANS.- Psychophysiological Studies of Alcohol Effect on the Human ANS.- Summary.- References.- 13 Alcohol and Sleep.- Phenomena of Human Sleep.- The Need for Sleep.- Effects of Alcohol on Sleep.- Neural Mechanisms of Sleep.- Sites of Action of Alcohol in the CNS.- Sleep and the Biogenic Amines.- Alcohol and the Biogenic Amines.- Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 14 Alcoholism and Learning.- Learning Terms and Principles.- Learning Principles and Research Relevant to Alcoholism.- Evaluation.- Summary.- References.- 15 Some Behavioral Effects of Alcohol on Man.- Sexual Behavior and Alcohol.- Alcohol and Aggression.- Comment.- Conclusion.- References.