Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons (eBook, PDF)

Redaktion: Arnault, Jean-Charles; Eder, Dominik

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

A crucial overview of the cutting-edge in nanocarbon research and applications In Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons, the distinguished authors have set out to discuss fundamental topics, synthetic approaches, materials challenges, and various applications of this rapidly developing technology. Nanocarbons have recently emerged as a promising material for chemical, energy, environmental, and medical applications because of their unique chemical properties and their rich surface chemistries. This book is the latest entry in the Wiley book series Nanocarbon Chemistry and Interfaces and seeks to comprehensively address many of the newly surfacing areas of controversy and development in the field. This book introduces foundational concepts in nanocarbon technology, hybrids, and applications, while also covering the most recent and cutting-edge developments in this area of study. Synthesis and Applications of Nanocarbons addresses new discoveries in the field, including: · Nanodiamonds · Onion-like carbons · Carbon nanotubes · Fullerenes · Carbon dots · Carbon fibers · Graphene · Aerographite This book provides a transversal view of the various nanocarbon materials and hybrids and helps to share knowledge between the communities of each material and hybrid type.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 320
• Erscheinungstermin: 28. August 2020
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119429449
• Artikelnr.: 60113106

Autorenporträt

Editors Jean-Charles Arnault, Diamond Sensors Laboratory, CEA LIST, Gif-sur-Yvette, France Dominik Eder, Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria

Inhaltsangabe

List of Contributors xi

Series Preface xiii

Preface xv

1 Properties of Carbon Bulk Materials: Graphite and Diamond 1
Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran and Ken Haenen

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Graphite 2

1.2.1 History 2

1.2.2 sp² Hybridization 3

1.2.3 Structure of Graphite 3

1.2.3.1 Hexagonal Graphite 3

1.2.3.2 Rhombohedral Graphite 3

1.2.3.3 Polycrystalline Graphite 4

1.2.3.4 Crystallite Imperfections 5

1.2.4 Natural and Synthetic Graphite 5

1.2.4.1 Natural Graphite 5

1.2.4.2 Synthetic Graphite 6

1.3 Diamond 7

1.3.1 History 7

1.3.2 sp³ Hybridization 8

1.3.3 Structure of Diamond 9

1.3.3.1 Crystal Forms of Diamond 9

1.3.4 Impurities in Diamond 10

1.3.4.1 Lattice Impurities 11

1.3.4.2 Inclusions 11

1.3.5 Natural and Synthetic Diamond 11

1.3.5.1 Natural Diamond 11

1.3.5.2 Synthetic Diamond 12

1.4 Characterization of Graphite and Diamond 14

1.4.1 Raman Spectroscopy 14

1.4.2 X-ray Diffraction 15

1.4.3 Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy 15

1.4.4 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 17

1.4.5 Scanning Electron Microscopy 17

1.4.6 Transmission Electron Microscopy 17

1.5 Properties of Graphite and Diamond 18

1.6 Applications of Graphite and Diamond 20

1.6.1 Graphite 20

1.6.2 Diamond 20

References 21

2 Endohedral and Exohedral Single-Layered Fullerenes 25
Diana M. Bobrowska and Marta E. Plonska-Brzezinska

2.1 Introduction 25

2.2 Structure and Physicochemical Properties of "Empty" Single-Layered Fullerenes 25

2.3 Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Endohedral Fullerenes 29

2.4 Functionalization and Application of Single-Layered Fullerenes 32

2.4.1 Functionalization and Application of Exohedral Fullerenes 32

2.4.2 Functionalization and Application of Endohedral Metallofullerenes 38

2.5 Summary 42

Acknowledgments 42

References 42

3 Spherical Onion-Like Carbons 63
Diana M. Bobrowska and Marta E. Plonska-Brzezinska

3.1 Introduction 63

3.2 Structure of Onion-Like Carbons and Their Physicochemical Properties 63

3.3 Covalent and Noncovalent Functionalization of OLCs 69

3.4 Doping of OLCs by Heteroatoms 82

3.5 Applications of OLCs 84

3.5.1 Bioimaging 84

3.5.2 (Bio)Sensors 85

3.5.3 Energy Storage Devices 86

3.5.4 Solar Cells 88

3.5.5 Electronic and Photonic Applications 88

3.5.6 Sorbents 89

3.5.7 Catalysis and Electrocatalysis 89

3.5.8 Tribology 90

3.6 Summary 90

Acknowledgments 91

References 91

4 Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Properties, and New Developments in Research 107
Marianna V. Kharlamova and Dominik Eder

4.1 Introduction 107

4.2 Atomic Structure of Carbon Nanotubes 108

4.3 Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 109

4.3.1 Electronic Properties 109

4.3.2 Mechanical Properties 110

4.3.3 Thermal Properties 111

4.4 Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes 111

4.4.1 Arc-Discharge 111

4.4.2 Laser Ablation 112

4.4.3 Molten Salt Route/Electrolytic Process 113

4.4.4 Chemical Vapor Deposition 113

4.5 Postsynthesis Treatments of Carbon Nanotubes 114

4.5.1 Purification 114

4.5.2 Separation of Metallic and Semiconducting SWCNTs 115