73,95 €
73,95 €
inkl. MwSt.
Sofort per Download lieferbar
37 °P sammeln
73,95 €
Als Download kaufen
73,95 €
inkl. MwSt.
Sofort per Download lieferbar
37 °P sammeln
Jetzt verschenken
Alle Infos zum eBook verschenken
73,95 €
inkl. MwSt.
Sofort per Download lieferbar
Alle Infos zum eBook verschenken
37 °P sammeln
- Format: PDF
- Merkliste
- Auf die Merkliste
- Bewerten Bewerten
- Teilen
- Produkt teilen
- Produkterinnerung
- Produkterinnerung
Bitte loggen Sie sich zunächst in Ihr Kundenkonto ein oder registrieren Sie sich bei
bücher.de, um das eBook-Abo tolino select nutzen zu können.
Hier können Sie sich einloggen
Hier können Sie sich einloggen
Sie sind bereits eingeloggt. Klicken Sie auf 2. tolino select Abo, um fortzufahren.
Bitte loggen Sie sich zunächst in Ihr Kundenkonto ein oder registrieren Sie sich bei bücher.de, um das eBook-Abo tolino select nutzen zu können.
Zur Zeit liegt uns keine Inhaltsangabe vor.
- Geräte: PC
- ohne Kopierschutz
- eBook Hilfe
- Größe: 33.52MB
Andere Kunden interessierten sich auch für
- N. D. EpiotisTheory of Organic Reactions (eBook, PDF)73,95 €
- Jie Jack LiName Reactions (eBook, PDF)69,95 €
- Jie Jack LiName Reactions (eBook, PDF)56,95 €
- Jie Jack LiName Reactions (eBook, PDF)40,95 €
- Robert B. GrossmanThe Art of Writing Reasonable Organic Reaction Mechanisms (eBook, PDF)65,95 €
- Robert B. GrossmanThe Art of Writing Reasonable Organic Reaction Mechanisms (eBook, PDF)40,95 €
- Synthetic Organic Photochemistry (eBook, PDF)233,95 €
-
- -52%11
-
Zur Zeit liegt uns keine Inhaltsangabe vor.
Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, B, BG, CY, CZ, D, DK, EW, E, FIN, F, GR, HR, H, IRL, I, LT, L, LR, M, NL, PL, P, R, S, SLO, SK ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Springer US
- Seitenzahl: 522
- Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781461383277
- Artikelnr.: 43991874
- Verlag: Springer US
- Seitenzahl: 522
- Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781461383277
- Artikelnr.: 43991874
1 Stereochemical Principles.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Chirality.- 1.3 Diastereotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.4 Enantiotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.5 Homotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.6 Homochiral Relationships.- 1.7 Selectivity in Organic Synthesis.- 1.7.1 Chemoselectivity.- 1.7.2 Regioselectivity.- 1.7.3 Diastereoselectivity.- 1.7.4 Enantioselectivity.- 1.7.4.1 Reactions in Presence of Chiral Additives.- 1.7.4.2 Reactions Involving Covalent Linkages of Chiral Auxiliary Groups with Substrates.- 1.7.4.3 Reactions with Chiral Reagents.- 1.7.4.4 Reactions with Enzymes.- 1.8 References.- 2 Stereoselective Catalytic Reductions.- 2.1 Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.1.1 Hydrogenation of Olefins.- 2.1.1.1 Hydrogenation with Rh-complexes.- 2.1.1.1.1 Tetrasubstituted Olefins.- 2.1.1.1.2 Substituted Itaconate Esters.- 2.1.1.2 Hydrogenation with Ru-complexes.- 2.1.1.2.1 Allylic and Homoallylic Alcohols.- 2.1.1.2.2 Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.- 2.1.1.2.3 Dicarboxylic Acids.- 2.1.1.2.4 Dehydroamino Acids.- 2.1.1.2.5 Prochiral Ketones.- 2.1.1.3 Hydrogenation with Ti-complexes.- 2.1.1.4 Hydrogenation with Co-complexes.- 2.1.1.5 Hydrogenation with Heterobimetallic Complexes.- 2.1.2 Catalytic Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.2.1 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Olefins.- 2.1.2.2 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Imines.- 2.1.3 Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ketones.- 2.1.3.1 Direct Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones.- 2.1.3.2 Direct Hydrogenation of Functionalized Ketones.- 2.1.3.2.1 With Rhodium-Diphosphine Catalysts.- 2.1.3.2.2 With Ruthenium Complexes.- 2.1.3.2.3 With Copper Complexes.- 2.1.3.3 Hydrogenation of Ketones via Derivatization.- 2.1.3.3.1 Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones via Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.3.3.2 Hydrogenation of Functionalized Ketones via Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.3.3.3 Hydrogenation of Ketones via Enol Phosphinates.- 2.2 Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.1 Enantioselective Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.2 Diastereoselective Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.2.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds.- 2.2.2.1.1 Hydrogenation of N-Acyl-?,ß-Dehydroamino Acids.- 2.2.2.1.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Cyclic Dehydropeptides.- 2.2.2.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of other Carbonyl Compounds.- 2.2.2.2.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Benzoylformic Acid Esters.- 2.2.2.2.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of ?-Keto Amides.- 2.2.2.3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Carbon-Nitrogen Double Bonds.- 2.2.2.3.1 Hydrogenation of Imines, Oximes and Hydrazones.- 2.3 References.- 3 Stereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.1 Enantioselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.1.1 Chiral Metal-hydride Complexes.- 3.1.1.1 Lithium Aluminium Hydride Modified with Chiral Groups.- 3.1.1.1.1 LAH Modified with Alcohols.- 3.1.1.1.2 LAH Modified with Amino Alcohols.- 3.1.1.2 Chiral Boranes and Borohydrides.- 3.1.1.2.1 Chiral Alkylboranes.- 3.1.1.2.2 Chiral Borohydride Reagents.- 3.1.1.2.2.1 NaBH4-derived Reagents.- 3.1.1.2.2.1.1 Phase Transfer Catalyzed Reductions.- 3.1.1.2.2.1.2 LiBH4 Reductions.- 3.1.1.2.2.2 Super Hydrides.- 3.1.2 Chiral Metal Alkyls and Alkoxides.- 3.1.3 Chiral Dihydropyridine Reagents.- 3.2 Diastereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.2.1 Cyclic Substrates.- 3.2.2 Acyclic Substrates.- 3.2.2.1 1, 2- Induction.- 3.2.2.2 1,3-, 1,4- and 1,6- Inductions.- 3.2.2.2.1 Cyclic Ketones.- 3.3 References.- 4 Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions.- 4.1 Nucleophilic Additions to Aldehydes and Ketones.- 4.1.1 Enantioselective Addition Reactions.- 4.1.2 Diastereoselective Addition Reactions.- 4.1.2.1 Diastereoselective Additions to Carbonyl Compounds.- 4.1.2.2 Diastereoselective Additions to Cyclic Ketones.- 4.1.3 Addition of Chiral Reagents.- 4.1.4 Stereoselectivity of Nucleophilic Addition Reactions.- 4.2 Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrocarbonylations.- 4.2.1 Asymmetric Hydroformylations.- 4.2.1.1 Asymmetric Hydroformylation with Homogeneous Catalysts.- 4.2.1.2 Asymmetric Hydroformylations with Heterogeneous Catalysts.- 4.2.2 Asymmetric Hydroesterification.- 4.3 Asymmetric Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.1 Stereochemistry of the Aldol Reaction.- 4.3.1.1 Transition State Models in the Aldol Reaction.- 4.3.2 Addition of Enolates to Achiral Aldehydes.- 4.3.2.1 Generation and Aldol Reactions of Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1 Li Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.1.1 Ketone Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.2 Ester and Lactone Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.3 Amide and Lactam Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.4 Thioester and Thioamide Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.5 Carboxylic Acid Dianions.- 4.3.2.1.2 Boron Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.3. Magnesium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.4 Titanium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.5 Zinc Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.6 Tin Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.7 Silicon Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.8 Zirconium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3 Addition of Chiral Enolates to Achiral Aldehydes and Unsymmetric Ketones (the Cross Aldol Reaction).- 4.3.3.1 Metal Atoms as Chiral Centres in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3.2 Chiral Ketone Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3.3 Chiral Azaenolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.4 Addition of Achiral Enolates to Chiral Aldehydes.- 4.3.5 Reactions of Chiral Aldehydes with Chiral Enolates.- 4.4 Allylmetal and Allylboron Additions.- 4.4.1 Configurational Stability of Allylmetal Compounds.- 4.4.2 Stereochemistry of Allylmetal Additions.- 4.4.3 Addition of Allylboron Compounds.- 4.4.4 Addition of Allyltitanium Compounds.- 4.4.5 Addition of Allylstannanes.- 4.4.6 Addition of Allylsilanes.- 4.4.7 Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation.- 4.4.8 Chromium (II)-Catalyzed Allylic Additions.- 4.4.9 Addition of other Allylmetals.- 4.5 Asymmetric Alkylation Reactions.- 4.5.1 Alkylation of Chiral Enolates.- 4.5.1.1 Exocyclic Enolates.- 4.5.1.2 Endocyclic Enolates.- 4.5.1.3 Norbornyl Enolates.- 4.5.2 Alkylation of Imine and Enamine Salts.- 4.5.3 Alkylation of Chiral Hydrazones.- 4.5.4 Alkylation of Chiral Oxazolines.- 4.5.4.1 Synthesis of Alkyl Alkanoic Acids.- 4.5.4.2 Synthesis of ?-Hydroxyacids.- 4.5.4.3 Synthesis of Butyrolactones and Valerolactones.- 4.5.4.4 Synthesis of ß-Alkylalkanoic Acid.- 4.5.4.5 Synthesis of Unsubstituted 1,4-Dihydropyridines.- 4.5.4.6 Synthesis of Resin-Bound Oxazolines.- 4.5.4.7 Alkylation via Diketopiperazines.- 4.5.5 Alkylation of Sulfoxides and Dithianes.- 4.5.6 Michael Addition Reactions.- 4.5.6.1 Addition of Chiral Anions.- 4.5.6.2 Addition of Achiral Anions Complexed with Chiral Ligands to Prochiral Michael Acceptors.- 4.5.6.3 Addition of Achiral Anions to Michael Acceptors Having One or More Chiral Centres.- 4.5.6.4 Addition with Optically Active Transition Metal-Ligand Catalysts.- 4.6 Pericyclic Reactions.- 4.6.1 Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions.- 4.6.1.1 Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reactions.- 4.6.1.1.1 Addition to Chiral Dienophiles.- 4.6.1.1.2 Addition to Chiral Dienes.- 4.6.1.1.3 Chiral Catalysts.- 4.6.2 Asymmetric [2+2] Cycloadditions.- 4.6.3 Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar [3+2] Cycloadditions.- 4.6.4 Sigmatropic Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.1 [3, 3] Sigmatropic Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.2 [2, 3] Sigmatropic (Wittig) Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.2.1 Allylsulfenate Rearrangements.- 4.6.5 Ene Reactions.- 4.6.5.1 Intermolecular Ene Reactions.- 4.6.5.2 Intramolecular Ene Reactions.- 4.7 References.- 5 Asymmetric Oxidations.- 5.1 Asymmetric Epoxidation.- 5.1.1 Asymmetric Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols.- 5.1.1.1 Katsuki-Sharpless Epoxidation.- 5.1.2 Asymmetric Epoxidation of other Substrates.- 5.2 Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides.- 5.3 Asymmetric Oxidation of Selenides.- 5.4 Asymmetric Hydroxylations.- 5.4.1 Vicinal Hydroxylations.- 5.5 Asymmetric Oxidation of Aromatic Substrates via Donor-Acceptor Interaction.- 5.6 References.- 6 Asymmetric Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formations.- 6.1 Carbon-Oxygen Bond Formation.- 6.1.1 Asymmetric Halolactonization.- 6.1.2 Asymmetric Hydroboration.- 6.2 Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation.- 6.2.1 Halocyclization.- 6.2.1.1 Iodolactamization.- 6.2.2 Mercuricyclization.- 6.3 Carbon-Sulfur Bond Formation.- 6.4 Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Formation.- 6.5 Stereoselective C-H Bond Formation and Proton Migration.- 6.6 References.- 7 Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions.- 7.1 Enzyme Specificity.- 7.1.1 Enantiomeric Specificity of Enzymes.- 7.1.2 Prochiral Stereospecificity.- 7.1.2.1 Additions to Stereoheterotopic Faces.- 7.1.2.2 Stereoheterotopic Groups and Atoms.- 7.2 Meso Compound Transformations.- 7.3 Multienzyme Systems.- 7.4 References.- 8 Stereoselective Free Radical Reactions.- 8.1 Free Radical Chain Reactions.- 8.1.1 The Tin Hydride Method.- 8.1.1.1 Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations.- 8.1.1.2 Intermolecular Radical Additions.- 8.1.2 The Mercury Hydride Method.- 8.1.2.1 Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions.- 8.1.2.2 Intermolecular Radical Reactions.- 8.1.2.2.1 Cyclic Radicals.- 8.1.2.2.2 Acyclic Substrates.- 8.1.3 The Fragmentation Method.- 8.1.4 The Barton (Thiohydroxamate Ester) Method.- 8.1.5 The Atom Transfer Method.- 8.1.5.1 Hydrogen Atom Transfer Addition and Cyclization.- 8.1.5.2 Halogen Atom Transfer.- 8.1.5.2.1 Halogen Atom Transfer Additions.- 8.1.5.2.2 Halogen Atom Transfer Cyclizations.- 8.1.5.2.3 Halogen Atom Transfer Annulations.- 8.1.6 Heteroatom-Halogen Donors.- 8.1.7 Organocobalt Transfer Method.- 8.2 Non-Chain Radical Reactions.- 8.3 References.- 9 Miscellaneous Stereoselective Reactions.- 9.1 Asymmetric Cyclopropanations.- 9.2 References.
1 Stereochemical Principles.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Chirality.- 1.3 Diastereotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.4 Enantiotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.5 Homotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.6 Homochiral Relationships.- 1.7 Selectivity in Organic Synthesis.- 1.7.1 Chemoselectivity.- 1.7.2 Regioselectivity.- 1.7.3 Diastereoselectivity.- 1.7.4 Enantioselectivity.- 1.7.4.1 Reactions in Presence of Chiral Additives.- 1.7.4.2 Reactions Involving Covalent Linkages of Chiral Auxiliary Groups with Substrates.- 1.7.4.3 Reactions with Chiral Reagents.- 1.7.4.4 Reactions with Enzymes.- 1.8 References.- 2 Stereoselective Catalytic Reductions.- 2.1 Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.1.1 Hydrogenation of Olefins.- 2.1.1.1 Hydrogenation with Rh-complexes.- 2.1.1.1.1 Tetrasubstituted Olefins.- 2.1.1.1.2 Substituted Itaconate Esters.- 2.1.1.2 Hydrogenation with Ru-complexes.- 2.1.1.2.1 Allylic and Homoallylic Alcohols.- 2.1.1.2.2 Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.- 2.1.1.2.3 Dicarboxylic Acids.- 2.1.1.2.4 Dehydroamino Acids.- 2.1.1.2.5 Prochiral Ketones.- 2.1.1.3 Hydrogenation with Ti-complexes.- 2.1.1.4 Hydrogenation with Co-complexes.- 2.1.1.5 Hydrogenation with Heterobimetallic Complexes.- 2.1.2 Catalytic Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.2.1 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Olefins.- 2.1.2.2 Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Imines.- 2.1.3 Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ketones.- 2.1.3.1 Direct Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones.- 2.1.3.2 Direct Hydrogenation of Functionalized Ketones.- 2.1.3.2.1 With Rhodium-Diphosphine Catalysts.- 2.1.3.2.2 With Ruthenium Complexes.- 2.1.3.2.3 With Copper Complexes.- 2.1.3.3 Hydrogenation of Ketones via Derivatization.- 2.1.3.3.1 Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones via Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.3.3.2 Hydrogenation of Functionalized Ketones via Hydrosilylation.- 2.1.3.3.3 Hydrogenation of Ketones via Enol Phosphinates.- 2.2 Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.1 Enantioselective Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.2 Diastereoselective Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2.2.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds.- 2.2.2.1.1 Hydrogenation of N-Acyl-?,ß-Dehydroamino Acids.- 2.2.2.1.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Cyclic Dehydropeptides.- 2.2.2.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of other Carbonyl Compounds.- 2.2.2.2.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Benzoylformic Acid Esters.- 2.2.2.2.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of ?-Keto Amides.- 2.2.2.3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Carbon-Nitrogen Double Bonds.- 2.2.2.3.1 Hydrogenation of Imines, Oximes and Hydrazones.- 2.3 References.- 3 Stereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.1 Enantioselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.1.1 Chiral Metal-hydride Complexes.- 3.1.1.1 Lithium Aluminium Hydride Modified with Chiral Groups.- 3.1.1.1.1 LAH Modified with Alcohols.- 3.1.1.1.2 LAH Modified with Amino Alcohols.- 3.1.1.2 Chiral Boranes and Borohydrides.- 3.1.1.2.1 Chiral Alkylboranes.- 3.1.1.2.2 Chiral Borohydride Reagents.- 3.1.1.2.2.1 NaBH4-derived Reagents.- 3.1.1.2.2.1.1 Phase Transfer Catalyzed Reductions.- 3.1.1.2.2.1.2 LiBH4 Reductions.- 3.1.1.2.2.2 Super Hydrides.- 3.1.2 Chiral Metal Alkyls and Alkoxides.- 3.1.3 Chiral Dihydropyridine Reagents.- 3.2 Diastereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.2.1 Cyclic Substrates.- 3.2.2 Acyclic Substrates.- 3.2.2.1 1, 2- Induction.- 3.2.2.2 1,3-, 1,4- and 1,6- Inductions.- 3.2.2.2.1 Cyclic Ketones.- 3.3 References.- 4 Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions.- 4.1 Nucleophilic Additions to Aldehydes and Ketones.- 4.1.1 Enantioselective Addition Reactions.- 4.1.2 Diastereoselective Addition Reactions.- 4.1.2.1 Diastereoselective Additions to Carbonyl Compounds.- 4.1.2.2 Diastereoselective Additions to Cyclic Ketones.- 4.1.3 Addition of Chiral Reagents.- 4.1.4 Stereoselectivity of Nucleophilic Addition Reactions.- 4.2 Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrocarbonylations.- 4.2.1 Asymmetric Hydroformylations.- 4.2.1.1 Asymmetric Hydroformylation with Homogeneous Catalysts.- 4.2.1.2 Asymmetric Hydroformylations with Heterogeneous Catalysts.- 4.2.2 Asymmetric Hydroesterification.- 4.3 Asymmetric Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.1 Stereochemistry of the Aldol Reaction.- 4.3.1.1 Transition State Models in the Aldol Reaction.- 4.3.2 Addition of Enolates to Achiral Aldehydes.- 4.3.2.1 Generation and Aldol Reactions of Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1 Li Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.1.1 Ketone Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.2 Ester and Lactone Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.3 Amide and Lactam Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.4 Thioester and Thioamide Enolates.- 4.3.2.1.1.5 Carboxylic Acid Dianions.- 4.3.2.1.2 Boron Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.3. Magnesium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.4 Titanium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.5 Zinc Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.6 Tin Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.7 Silicon Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.2.1.8 Zirconium Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3 Addition of Chiral Enolates to Achiral Aldehydes and Unsymmetric Ketones (the Cross Aldol Reaction).- 4.3.3.1 Metal Atoms as Chiral Centres in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3.2 Chiral Ketone Enolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.3.3 Chiral Azaenolates in Aldol Reactions.- 4.3.4 Addition of Achiral Enolates to Chiral Aldehydes.- 4.3.5 Reactions of Chiral Aldehydes with Chiral Enolates.- 4.4 Allylmetal and Allylboron Additions.- 4.4.1 Configurational Stability of Allylmetal Compounds.- 4.4.2 Stereochemistry of Allylmetal Additions.- 4.4.3 Addition of Allylboron Compounds.- 4.4.4 Addition of Allyltitanium Compounds.- 4.4.5 Addition of Allylstannanes.- 4.4.6 Addition of Allylsilanes.- 4.4.7 Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation.- 4.4.8 Chromium (II)-Catalyzed Allylic Additions.- 4.4.9 Addition of other Allylmetals.- 4.5 Asymmetric Alkylation Reactions.- 4.5.1 Alkylation of Chiral Enolates.- 4.5.1.1 Exocyclic Enolates.- 4.5.1.2 Endocyclic Enolates.- 4.5.1.3 Norbornyl Enolates.- 4.5.2 Alkylation of Imine and Enamine Salts.- 4.5.3 Alkylation of Chiral Hydrazones.- 4.5.4 Alkylation of Chiral Oxazolines.- 4.5.4.1 Synthesis of Alkyl Alkanoic Acids.- 4.5.4.2 Synthesis of ?-Hydroxyacids.- 4.5.4.3 Synthesis of Butyrolactones and Valerolactones.- 4.5.4.4 Synthesis of ß-Alkylalkanoic Acid.- 4.5.4.5 Synthesis of Unsubstituted 1,4-Dihydropyridines.- 4.5.4.6 Synthesis of Resin-Bound Oxazolines.- 4.5.4.7 Alkylation via Diketopiperazines.- 4.5.5 Alkylation of Sulfoxides and Dithianes.- 4.5.6 Michael Addition Reactions.- 4.5.6.1 Addition of Chiral Anions.- 4.5.6.2 Addition of Achiral Anions Complexed with Chiral Ligands to Prochiral Michael Acceptors.- 4.5.6.3 Addition of Achiral Anions to Michael Acceptors Having One or More Chiral Centres.- 4.5.6.4 Addition with Optically Active Transition Metal-Ligand Catalysts.- 4.6 Pericyclic Reactions.- 4.6.1 Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions.- 4.6.1.1 Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reactions.- 4.6.1.1.1 Addition to Chiral Dienophiles.- 4.6.1.1.2 Addition to Chiral Dienes.- 4.6.1.1.3 Chiral Catalysts.- 4.6.2 Asymmetric [2+2] Cycloadditions.- 4.6.3 Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar [3+2] Cycloadditions.- 4.6.4 Sigmatropic Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.1 [3, 3] Sigmatropic Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.2 [2, 3] Sigmatropic (Wittig) Rearrangements.- 4.6.4.2.1 Allylsulfenate Rearrangements.- 4.6.5 Ene Reactions.- 4.6.5.1 Intermolecular Ene Reactions.- 4.6.5.2 Intramolecular Ene Reactions.- 4.7 References.- 5 Asymmetric Oxidations.- 5.1 Asymmetric Epoxidation.- 5.1.1 Asymmetric Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols.- 5.1.1.1 Katsuki-Sharpless Epoxidation.- 5.1.2 Asymmetric Epoxidation of other Substrates.- 5.2 Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides.- 5.3 Asymmetric Oxidation of Selenides.- 5.4 Asymmetric Hydroxylations.- 5.4.1 Vicinal Hydroxylations.- 5.5 Asymmetric Oxidation of Aromatic Substrates via Donor-Acceptor Interaction.- 5.6 References.- 6 Asymmetric Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formations.- 6.1 Carbon-Oxygen Bond Formation.- 6.1.1 Asymmetric Halolactonization.- 6.1.2 Asymmetric Hydroboration.- 6.2 Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation.- 6.2.1 Halocyclization.- 6.2.1.1 Iodolactamization.- 6.2.2 Mercuricyclization.- 6.3 Carbon-Sulfur Bond Formation.- 6.4 Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Formation.- 6.5 Stereoselective C-H Bond Formation and Proton Migration.- 6.6 References.- 7 Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions.- 7.1 Enzyme Specificity.- 7.1.1 Enantiomeric Specificity of Enzymes.- 7.1.2 Prochiral Stereospecificity.- 7.1.2.1 Additions to Stereoheterotopic Faces.- 7.1.2.2 Stereoheterotopic Groups and Atoms.- 7.2 Meso Compound Transformations.- 7.3 Multienzyme Systems.- 7.4 References.- 8 Stereoselective Free Radical Reactions.- 8.1 Free Radical Chain Reactions.- 8.1.1 The Tin Hydride Method.- 8.1.1.1 Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations.- 8.1.1.2 Intermolecular Radical Additions.- 8.1.2 The Mercury Hydride Method.- 8.1.2.1 Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions.- 8.1.2.2 Intermolecular Radical Reactions.- 8.1.2.2.1 Cyclic Radicals.- 8.1.2.2.2 Acyclic Substrates.- 8.1.3 The Fragmentation Method.- 8.1.4 The Barton (Thiohydroxamate Ester) Method.- 8.1.5 The Atom Transfer Method.- 8.1.5.1 Hydrogen Atom Transfer Addition and Cyclization.- 8.1.5.2 Halogen Atom Transfer.- 8.1.5.2.1 Halogen Atom Transfer Additions.- 8.1.5.2.2 Halogen Atom Transfer Cyclizations.- 8.1.5.2.3 Halogen Atom Transfer Annulations.- 8.1.6 Heteroatom-Halogen Donors.- 8.1.7 Organocobalt Transfer Method.- 8.2 Non-Chain Radical Reactions.- 8.3 References.- 9 Miscellaneous Stereoselective Reactions.- 9.1 Asymmetric Cyclopropanations.- 9.2 References.