Ryan F. Donnelly, Thakur Raghu Raj Singh, Desmond Morrow, A. David Woolfson

Microneedle-mediated Transdermal and Intradermal Drug Delivery (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Microneedles can be used for delivery of a wide range of drug substances for practically any medical condition and present a real opportunity for vaccines and medicines that are unsuitable for oral administration or conventional patch delivery. Microneedle-mediated Transdermal and Intradermal Drug Delivery covers the major aspects relating to the use of microneedle arrays in enhancing drug delivery applications. It provides an overview of the various methods employed to design and produce microneedles, from the different materials involved to the importance of application methods. It carefully and critically reviews ongoing transdermal and intradermal delivery research using microneedles and includes the outcomes of in vivo animal and human studies. Importantly, it also discusses the safety and patient acceptability studies carried out to date. Finally, the book reviews the recent patents in microneedle research and describes the ongoing developments within industry that will determine the future of microneedle-mediated transdermal and intradermal drug delivery. By an expert author team with practical experience in the design and development of drug delivery systems this is the only text that provides a comprehensive review of microneedle research in transdermal and intradermal drug delivery.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 280
• Erscheinungstermin: 17. Januar 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119959663
• Artikelnr.: 38460382

Autorenporträt

Ryan F. Donnelly, Senior Lecturer in Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, UK Thakur Raghu Raj Singh, Lecturer in Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, UK Desmond I.J. Morrow, Honorary Research Fellow, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, UK A. David Woolfson, Chair in Pharmaceutics and Head of the School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, UK

Inhaltsangabe

Preface
ix About the Authors
xiii 1 Transdermal Drug Delivery
1 1.1 Genesis of transdermal drug delivery
1 1.2 Skin anatomy
2 1.2.1 The epidermis
2 1.2.2 The stratum corneum
4 1.2.3 The dermis
6 1.2.4 Skin appendages
6 1.3 Routes to percutaneous drug absorption
7 1.4 Facilitated transdermal drug delivery
11 1.4.1 Cryopneumatic and photopneumatic technologies
12 1.4.2 Sonophoresis (low-frequency ultrasound)
12 1.4.3 Iontophoresis
13 1.4.4 Electroporation
14 1.4.5 Jet injection
14 1.4.6 Microneedles
15 References
15 2 Microneedles: Design
Microfabrication and Optimization
20 2.1 Introduction
20 2.2 Methods of fabricating microneedles
21 2.2.1 Microfabrication of silicon microneedles
22 2.2.2 Microfabrication of metal and other types of MNs
31 2.2.3 Microfabrication of polymeric microneedles
34 2.3 Optimization to MN design for transdermal drug delivery
46 2.4 Conclusion
49 References
51 3 Microneedle Applicator Designs for Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications
57 3.1 Introduction
57 3.2 Considerations of microneedle applicators designs
72 3.3 Conclusion
76 References
76 4 Transdermal Delivery Applications
79 4.1 Introduction
79 4.2 Transdermal drug delivery
79 4.2.1 Partition co-efficient between 1 and 3
80 4.2.2 A relatively low melting point
80 4.2.3 A molecular weight less than 500 Da
81 4.2.4 Unionized
81 4.3 Modulation of transdermal penetration using microneedles
82 4.4 Transdermal delivery using solid microneedles
83 4.4.1 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds (RMM in vitro using solid microneedles
84 4.4.2 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds (RMM in vivo using solid microneedles
86 4.4.3 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds (RMM > 600 Da) in vitro using solid microneedles
88 4.4.4 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds (RMM > 600 Da) in vivo using solid microneedles
89 4.5 Transdermal delivery using hollow microneedles
91 4.5.1 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds (RMM in vitro using hollow microneedles
91 4.5.2 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds (RMM in vivo using hollow microneedles
92 4.5.3 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds (RMM > 600 Da) in vitro using hollow microneedles
93 4.5.4 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds (RMM > 600 Da) in vivo using hollow microneedles
93 4.6 Transdermal delivery using biodegradable microneedles
96 4.6.1 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds in vitro using biodegradable MN
96 4.6.2 Transdermal delivery of low molecular weight compounds in vivo using biodegradable MN
98 4.6.3 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds in vitro using biodegradable MN
98 4.6.4 Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight compounds in vivo using biodegradable MN
100 4.7 Microneedles in combination with other enhancement strategies
102 4.8 Conclusion
105 References
107 5 Microneedle-mediated Intradermal Delivery
113 5.1 Introduction
113 5.2 Vaccine delivery
113 5.2.1 Vaccination
113 5.3 Intradermal vaccination
116 5.3.1 Skin structure
117 5.3.2 Skin immune response
117 5.3.3 Conventional strategies for intradermal vaccine delivery
118 5.3.4 Coated microneedles
120 5.3.5 'Poke and Patch' approaches
129 5.3.6 Hollow microneedles
131 5.3.7 Dissolving/biodegrading polymeric microneedles
133 5.3.8 Epidermal gene delivery
135 5.4 Intradermal delivery of photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy
139 5.4.1 Microneedle-mediated intradermal delivery of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives
141 5.4.2 Microneedle-mediated intradermal delivery of preformed photosensitizers
143 5.5 Intradermal delivery of nanoparticles
144 5.6 Conclusion
146 References
147 6 Clinical Application and Safety Studies of Microneedles
152 6.1 Introduction
152 6.2 Clinical and safety consideration for MN application
153 6.2.1 Sensation of pain
153 6.2.2 Recovery of micropores and possibility of infection following microneedle application
155 6.2.3 Erythema
156 6.2.4 Biocompatability and biodegradation of MN material
157 6.3 Conclusion
159 References
160 7 Microneedles: Current Status and Future Perspectives
164 7.1 Introduction
164 7.2 Biological fluid sampling devices
167 7.3 Ocular drug delivery
172 7.4 Cosmetic applications
175 7.5 Industrial perspectives
177 7.6 Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays
179 7.7 Moving forwards
181 7.8 Conclusion
184 References
185 Index
188