Lee Bosher, Ksenia Chmutina

Disaster Risk Reduction for the Built Environment (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Disaster Risk Reduction for the Built Environment provides a multi-facetted introduction to how a wide range of risk reduction options can be mainstreamed into formal and informal construction decision making processes, so that Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) can become part of the 'developmental DNA'. The contents highlight the positive roles that practitioners such as civil and structural engineers, urban planners and designers, and architects (to name just a few) can undertake to ensure that disaster risk is addressed when (re)developing the built environment. The book does not set out prescriptive ('context blind') solutions to complex problems because such solutions can invariably generate new problems. Instead it raises awareness, and in doing so, inspires a broad range of people to consider DRR in their work or everyday practices. This highly-illustrated text book provides a broad range of examples, case studies and thinking points that can help the reader to consider how DRR approaches might be adapted for differing contexts.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 304
• Erscheinungstermin: 3. April 2017
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118921500
• Artikelnr.: 52578173

Autorenporträt

About the Authors Dr Lee Bosher is a Senior Lecturer in Disaster Risk Reduction in the Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) at Loughborough University, England. He has a background in disaster risk management and his research and teaching includes disaster risk reduction and the multidisciplinary integration of proactive hazard mitigation strategies into the decision-making processes of key stakeholders, involved with the planning, design, construction and operation of the built environment. Lee is coordinator of the International Council for Building's Working Commission W120 on 'Disasters and the Built Environment', a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and he has been involved in research projects that investigated how urban resilience can be increased in the UK, Haiti, India, Nigeria and across parts of Europe. Lee's previous books include 'Hazards and the Built Environment' (2008) and 'Social and Institutional Elements of Disaster Vulnerability' (2007). Dr Ksenia Chmutina is a Lecturer in sustainable and resilient urbanism in the School of Civil and Building Engineering, Loughborough University. Her main research interest is in synergies of resilience and sustainability in the built environment, including holistic approaches to enhancing resilience to natural hazards and human-induced threats, and a better understanding of the systemic implications of sustainability and resilience under the pressures of urbanisation and climate change. She has extensive experience of working on RCUK and EU-funded projects that have focused on resilience and sustainability of urban spaces in Europe, China and the Caribbean.

Inhaltsangabe

List of Figures xi

List of Tables xix

Note on the Authors xxi

Foreword xxiii

Acknowledgements xxv

List of Acronyms xxvii

List of Case Studies xxxi

List of Thinking Points xxxiii

Section I Introduction to Book and Concepts 1

1 Introduction 3

1.1 So what is a Disaster? 4

1.2 What are the Hazards and Threats? 4

1.3 Climate Change and Disasters 5

1.4 Impacts of Disasters Globally 9

1.5 Trends in the Occurrence of Disasters 11

1.6 Economic Losses 13

1.7 The Potential Roles of the Construction Sector in DRR 16

1.8 Scope of the Book 16

1.9 Structure of the Book 17

References and Suggested Reading 17

2 Disaster Risk Reduction 21

2.1 Learning Objectives 21

2.2 Key DRR Concepts and Terms 21

2.3 International Approaches to DRR 26

2.3.1 Milestones in History of DRR 26

2.3.2 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 29

2.3.3 'Making Cities Resilient' Campaign 31

2.4 Community Resilience 32

2.5 Risk Management 34

2.5.1 Phases of Disaster Risk Management 34

2.5.2 Risk Management Elements 37

2.5.3 Existing Guidance 40

2.6 Summary 43

Further Reading 43

Section II Hydro-Meteorological Hazards 45

3 Flooding 47

3.1 Learning Objectives 47

3.2 Living with Water 47

3.3 Overview of the Typical Impacts of Floods 49

3.4 Causes of Flooding 50

3.5 Riverine Floods 51

3.6 Coastal Floods 52

3.7 Flash Floods 55

3.8 Urban (Pluvial) Floods 56

3.9 Risk Management 56

3.9.1 Historical Approaches 56

3.10 Hazard Identification 59

3.11 Assessment of the Vulnerabilities 61

3.11.1 Appropriate Uses 62

3.12 Determination of the Risk 63

3.12.1 Flood Damage Estimation 63

3.13 Identification and Prioritisation of Risk Reduction Options 66

3.13.1 Prevention of Hazard 70

3.13.2 Detection of Hazard 70

3.13.3 Control of Hazard 74

3.13.4 Mitigation of Hazard 76

3.13.5 Emergency Response 80

3.14 Summary 85

Further Reading 86

4 Windstorms 89

4.1 Learning Objectives 90

4.2 Living with Windstorms 90

4.3 Overview of the Typical Impacts of Windstorms 91

4.4 Causes of Windstorms 92

4.5 Tropical Windstorms 93

4.6 Tornadoes 98

4.7 Risk Management 101

4.7.1 Historical Approaches 101

4.8 Hazard Identification 104

4.9 Assessment of the Vulnerabilities 106

4.10 Determination of the Risk 111

4.10.1 Windstorm Damage Estimation 111

4.11 Identification and Prioritisation of Risk Reduction Options 112

4.11.1 Detection of Hazard 112

4.11.2 Control of Hazard 114

4.11.3 Mitigation of the Hazard 114

4.11.4 Emergency Response 114

4.12 Summary 116

Further Reading 120

Section III Geological Hazards 123

5 Earthquakes 125

Learning Objectives 126

5.1 Living with Earthquakes 126

5.1.1 Overview of the Typical Impacts of Earthquakes 126

5.2 Causes of Earthquakes 127

5.2.1 The Natural Hazard 130

5.3 Seismic Activity 133

5.4 Risk Management 135

5.4.1 Historical Approaches 135

5.5 Hazard Identification 135

5.6 Assessment of the Vulnerabilities 136