Over the past two decades, there has been a shift in research and industrial practice, and products traditionally manufactured primarily from wood are increasingly combined with other nonwood materials of either natural or synthetic origin. Wood and other plant-based fiber is routinely combined with adhesives, polymers, and other "ingredients" to produce composite materials. Introduction to Wood and Natural Fiber Composites draws together widely scattered information concerning fundamental concepts and technical applications, essential to the manufacture of wood and natural fiber composites.…mehr
Over the past two decades, there has been a shift in research and industrial practice, and products traditionally manufactured primarily from wood are increasingly combined with other nonwood materials of either natural or synthetic origin. Wood and other plant-based fiber is routinely combined with adhesives, polymers, and other "ingredients" to produce composite materials. Introduction to Wood and Natural Fiber Composites draws together widely scattered information concerning fundamental concepts and technical applications, essential to the manufacture of wood and natural fiber composites. The topics addressed include basic information on the chemical and physical composition of wood and other lignocellulosic materials, the behavior of these materials under thermocompression processes, fundamentals of adhesion, specific adhesive systems used to manufacture composite materials, and an overview of the industrial technologies used to manufacture major product categories. The book concludes with a chapter on the burgeoning field of natural fiber-plastic composites. Introduction to Wood and Natural Fiber Composites is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduate students and graduate students studying forest products and wood science, as well as for practicing professionals working in operational areas of wood- and natural-fiber processing. For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable Resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs Topics covered include: * Overview of lignocellulosic material, their chemical and physical composition * Consolidation behavior of wood and fiber in response to heat and pressure * Fundamentals of adhesion * Adhesives used to bond wood and lignocellulosic composites * Manufacturing technology of major product types * Fiber/plastic composites
Douglas D. Stokke Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, USA Qinglin Wu School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, USA Guangping Han College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China Series Editor Christian Stevens Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Inhaltsangabe
Series Preface xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Wood and Natural Fiber Composites: An Overview 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 What Is Wood? 1
1.3 Natural Fibers 2
1.4 Composite Concept 6
1.5 Cellular Solids 13
1.6 Objectives and Organization of This Book 15
References 16
2 Lignocellulosic Materials 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Chemical Composition of Lignocellulosic Materials 19
2.3 The Woody Cell Wall as a Multicomponent Polymer System35
2.4 Anatomical Structure of Representative Plants 40
2.5 Comparison of Representative Plant Stems 57
2.6 Cellular Solids Revisited 57
References 57
3 Wood as a Lignocellulose Exemplar 61
3.1 Introduction 61
3.2 Wood as a Representative Lignocellulosic Material: ImportantPhysical Attributes 61
3.3 Moisture Interactions 61
3.4 Density and Specific Gravity of Wood 74
3.5 Wood: A Cellular Solid 79
3.6 Mechanical Properties 80
3.7 Wood Is the Exemplar: Extending Principles to Other PlantMaterials 83
References 83
4 Consolidation Behavior of Lignocellulosic Materials 85
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Synthetic Crystalline and Amorphous Polymers 85
4.3 Glass Transition Temperature of Wood Polymers 89
4.4 Viscoelastic Behavior of Lignocellulosic Materials 97