Peter Tishler, Christine Wenc, Joseph Loscalzo

The Teaching Hospital

Brigham and Women's Hospital and the Evolution of Academic Medicine

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. CELEBRATING THE HISTORY OF AMERICA'S LANDMARK INSTITUTION The fascinating true story of Brigham and Women's Hospital Founded in 1913, the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital was the first medical institution since John Hopkins to foster clinical clerkships of medical students in the environment of a modern residency program. Forging a partnership with Harvard Medical School, the Brigham would become a major innovator in clinical research, implementing a new educational model that would inspire other hospitals for generations to come. In 1980 the Brigham merged with two other Boston medical institutions boasting their own profoundly important histories, the Boston Hospital for Women and the Robert Breck Brigham Hospital, to become Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH). This rich and insightful account brings this remarkable story to life: the milestone achievements, medical breakthroughs, and personal dedication that have made BWH a world-class leader in academic medicine. The Teaching Hospital includes: * A comprehensive history of BWH, from its continued commitment to medicine, education, and compassionate care to its ongoing leadership in transforming science-driven healthcare today. * A compendium of BWH's famous firsts, including the nation's first maternity ward, the first in-vitro fertilization, the first successful human organ transplant, New England's first coronary care unit, and most recently, the first full-face transplant, as well as cutting-edge research in stem cells, systems biology, and bioengineering. * A celebration of Brigham's luminaries and landmarks, from pioneers like Dr. Harvey Cushing, the father of modern neurosurgery, Dr. Bernard Lown, Nobel Peace Prize winning cardiologist, and Paul Farmer, co-founder of Partners in Health, to the hospital's milestone breakthroughs in radiology, arthritis, transplant surgery, immunology, women's health, community health, and more. With invaluable contributions from medical historians and doctors, this essential volume provides an in-depth history of the institution. Here is the evolution of BWH in all its dimensions: its reputation as an education and clinical innovator, its role in fostering groundbreaking biomedical research, its ties to the local community as well as to the nation and the world, its financial and administrative growth across the decades, the personalities who have made BWH famous, and the fascinating inner life of the hospital. Filled with stories of profound commitment, critical analysis, and behind-the-scenes details, the book celebrates the Brigham's history in both a medical and cultural context.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: McGraw-Hill Education LLC (Professional)
• Seitenzahl: 480
• Erscheinungstermin: 11. Februar 2014
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 277mm x 216mm x 28mm
• Gewicht: 1837g
• ISBN-13: 9780071784016
• ISBN-10: 0071784012
• Artikelnr.: 37043101

Autorenporträt

Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chairman, Department of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Inhaltsangabe

Chapter 1: Building the Academic Medical Center. This includes a narrative
history of the Brigham from its endowment by Peter Bent Brigham in the late
1870's to today, drawing on material from prior histories and other
publications, Brigham archives, experience of members of the staff, and
current medical practice. We shall emphasize the state of American medicine
(care, teaching, research) in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the
development of medical specialties and subspecialties, the transformation
in the 20th century of research from purely descriptive research (as Drs.
Henry Christian and Harvey Cushing perpetuated from their mentor Sir
William Osler) to physiological research (the innovation of Soma Weiss),
and the burgeoning development of the multifaceted hospital since World War
II.
Chapter 2: A Tool for Educational Reform. The Brigham was created as the
model academic teaching hospital, embodying and furthering the goals of
medical education reform set out in Flexner's 1910 report (1). We shall
describe the evolution of the training programs, focusing particularly on
innovations that were often fostered by changes in the nature of medical
care (e.g., the development of neurosurgery, cardiac catheterization) and,
in recent times, by changes mandated by American Council of Graduate
Medical Education. Changes in the curriculum at Harvard Medical School,
developed in parallel, reflect the collaborative innovations of both
Brigham staff and staff at the other teaching hospitals. Harvard's
hospitals also collaborate on the care of patients - e.g., neurology at the
Boston City Hospital and the Brigham (10), the affiliation of the Brigham
with the Beth Israel Hospital, and the establishment of the Partners
Healthcare System.
Chapter 3: An Engine of Biomedical Research. We shall discuss the cultural,
economic and sociological factors that encouraged and propelled these
advances. We shall consider the philosophies and actions of early leaders
(Cushing, Christian), the innovations of Soma Weiss, the necessities of
World War II, the influence of the NIH, the changes in education of
physicians (particularly post-graduate), and the seminal research
leadership George Thorn, Eugene Braunwald and others. We shall highlight
this with specific examples from medical specialties, including the
following:
Neurosurgery and neuroendocrinology - evolution from Harvey Cushing
The heart - cardiac surgery; advances in research and treatment of
congestive
heart failure, congenital heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart
rhythm
disorders; intensive care
The kidney - understanding hypertension; developing treatments for
kidney malfunction, including dialysis and transplantation.
Blood - treatment of pernicious anemia; development of transfusion medicine
Arthritis - understanding the immune system; the birth and development of
corticosteroid therapy.
These historical precedents will be extrapolated to speculate on medicine
and medical research in the next century.
Chapter 4: The Hospital and its Communities. This has several aspects, one
of which is the development and logarithmic increase in the diversity of
staff and trainees with respect to gender, ethnicity and national origin.
This diversity may have led to the second aspect: the medical care fostered
by Brigham trainees and staff has become increasingly diverse, including
underserved geographies both within the USA and internationally. Highly
visible endeavors are Partners in Health, medical care for native
Americans, and care for the underserved in greater Boston, all established
in the late 20th century by Brigham physicians dedicated to healthcare for
all.
A third aspect of this national and international outreach is the conduct
of population-based research designed to facilitate disease prevention and
patient care. The father of clinical epidemiology Frank E. Speizer
developed the pioneering Nurses' Health Study, exploiting the largest
population ever to examine these issues. Brigham-based studies of women's
health, pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics are newer efforts with a
similar focus.
Chapter 5: New Spaces for Caring. Early on, Francis Weld Peabody, the first
Brigham medical Chief Resident and subsequent staff member, wrote "One of
the essential qualities of the clinician is interest in humanity, for the
secret of the care of the patient is in caring for the patient (11)." This
has remained a major philosophic driver at the Brigham, reinforced by
public perception, that was addressed in writing over the years by Soma
Weiss and Bernard Lown among others. This chapter will examine Brigham
services dedicated entirely to caring, including the Nursing, Social Work,
and Palliative Care Departments. It will also examine how evolving notions
of what it means to care for patients was a basis for expanding physical
structures of the hospital - from the early wards to the high towers, to
the innovative critical care units, the ambulatory wings and the long
social thoroughfare of the Nesson Pike.
Vitae. Brief biosketches will highlight our leaders and eminent members -
e.g., Eugene Braunwald, Henry Christian, Paul Farmer, Bernard Lown, Francis
Moore, Soma Weiss.