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The essays in this book discuss how universities work in relation to other parts of a higher education 'system'.
Universities are said to be the 'powerhouses' of modern society. They educate leaders and advance our basic knowledge of nature and society. Yet historically they have been vulnerable when meeting the challenges of dynamic industrial democracies or indeed of modern totalitarian states. Today universities are at the centre of society's attention and must therefore balance a great number of contradictory demands and pressures. Can this be done within the structure and ethos of an historic institution called a 'university', or are such institutions now passé and merely part of a bureaucratically managed higher education 'system'? These essays discuss the ways in which universities have coped with complexity since 1800, while retaining their basic 'idea'. Special attention is accorded to the role of the State and the autonomous professions in defining the mission of universities and in their struggle for individuality in the face of mounting pluralistic and bureaucratic pressures.
Review quote:
"...the essays in The European and American University Since 1800...provide important assessments of how ideas and policy interventions by governments brought about change." Campbell F. Lloyd, Journal of Urban History
"...the various chapters provide useful insights....it is hard to imagine the reader who would not find some new insights in a collection of papers as diverse as this one."
East/West Education
"...a serious historical and sociological overview of the subject....worth browsing through, if only to gain some understanding of the widely different fundamental assumptions underlying European and American universities."
Journal of Academic Librarianship
"The topics addressed in this volume hold considerable importance for contemporary public policy and university politics, just as they represent key dynamics in the shaping of the modern university....Consumed slowly and deliberatley, it constitutes a satisfying meal. The richness and complementary flavors may be difficult to appreciate second-hand, but the patient, highly motivated reader should find the intellectual investment worthwhile."
Janet Rasmussen, Scandanavian Studies
"This book ...takes history very seriously and is the sworn enemy of oversimplified assessments of university development, past and present...This is a substantive anthology."
Histoire sociale
Table of contents:
Notes on the contributors; Introduction: universities and 'higher education' Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock; Part I. Fact and Ideals in Liberal Education: 1. The limbs of Osiris: liberal education in the English-speaking world Sheldon Rothblatt; 2. In search of Isis: general education in Germany and Sweden Sven-Eric Liedman; Part II. The State, the University, and the Professions: 3. The transformation of professional education in the nineteenth century Rolf Torstendahl; 4. From practise to school-based professional education: patterns of conflict and accommodation in England, France and the United States Michael Burrage; Part III. The Ambiguities of University Research in Sweden and the United States: 5. Universities, research, and the transformation of the state in Sweden Aant Elzinga; 6. Research, graduate education, and the ecology of American universities: an interpretative history Roger Geiger; Part IV. Complexity: 7. The problem of complexity in modern higher education Burton R. Clark; 8. Comparative perspectives on British and American higher education Martin Trow; Part V. The Ironies of University History: 9. The modern university: the three transformations Björn Wittrock; Index.
Universities are said to be the 'powerhouses' of modern society. They educate leaders and advance our basic knowledge of nature and society. Yet historically they have been vulnerable when meeting the challenges of dynamic industrial democracies or indeed of modern totalitarian states. Today universities are at the centre of society's attention and must therefore balance a great number of contradictory demands and pressures. Can this be done within the structure and ethos of an historic institution called a 'university', or are such institutions now passé and merely part of a bureaucratically managed higher education 'system'? These essays discuss the ways in which universities have coped with complexity since 1800, while retaining their basic 'idea'. Special attention is accorded to the role of the State and the autonomous professions in defining the mission of universities and in their struggle for individuality in the face of mounting pluralistic and bureaucratic pressures.
Review quote:
"...the essays in The European and American University Since 1800...provide important assessments of how ideas and policy interventions by governments brought about change." Campbell F. Lloyd, Journal of Urban History
"...the various chapters provide useful insights....it is hard to imagine the reader who would not find some new insights in a collection of papers as diverse as this one."
East/West Education
"...a serious historical and sociological overview of the subject....worth browsing through, if only to gain some understanding of the widely different fundamental assumptions underlying European and American universities."
Journal of Academic Librarianship
"The topics addressed in this volume hold considerable importance for contemporary public policy and university politics, just as they represent key dynamics in the shaping of the modern university....Consumed slowly and deliberatley, it constitutes a satisfying meal. The richness and complementary flavors may be difficult to appreciate second-hand, but the patient, highly motivated reader should find the intellectual investment worthwhile."
Janet Rasmussen, Scandanavian Studies
"This book ...takes history very seriously and is the sworn enemy of oversimplified assessments of university development, past and present...This is a substantive anthology."
Histoire sociale
Table of contents:
Notes on the contributors; Introduction: universities and 'higher education' Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock; Part I. Fact and Ideals in Liberal Education: 1. The limbs of Osiris: liberal education in the English-speaking world Sheldon Rothblatt; 2. In search of Isis: general education in Germany and Sweden Sven-Eric Liedman; Part II. The State, the University, and the Professions: 3. The transformation of professional education in the nineteenth century Rolf Torstendahl; 4. From practise to school-based professional education: patterns of conflict and accommodation in England, France and the United States Michael Burrage; Part III. The Ambiguities of University Research in Sweden and the United States: 5. Universities, research, and the transformation of the state in Sweden Aant Elzinga; 6. Research, graduate education, and the ecology of American universities: an interpretative history Roger Geiger; Part IV. Complexity: 7. The problem of complexity in modern higher education Burton R. Clark; 8. Comparative perspectives on British and American higher education Martin Trow; Part V. The Ironies of University History: 9. The modern university: the three transformations Björn Wittrock; Index.