Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts
Ed. by Maurizio Benaglia
Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts
Ed. by Maurizio Benaglia
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Drawing on international research, Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts provides the essentials on recoverable and recyclable catalysts. This practical guide explores the general principles of catalyst recovery and recycling, catalysts on insoluble or soluble supports, thermoresponsive catalysts, self-supported catalysts, and more. Each chapter combines basic general principles, practical information on the design and synthesis of catalysts, and strategies for catalyst recovery. The book presents a comparison of several different catalytic systems. This textbook is essential for students who…mehr
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Drawing on international research, Recoverable and Recyclable Catalysts provides the essentials on recoverable and recyclable catalysts. This practical guide explores the general principles of catalyst recovery and recycling, catalysts on insoluble or soluble supports, thermoresponsive catalysts, self-supported catalysts, and more. Each chapter combines basic general principles, practical information on the design and synthesis of catalysts, and strategies for catalyst recovery. The book presents a comparison of several different catalytic systems. This textbook is essential for students who want to improve the efficiency and environmental acceptability of industrial processes
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 496
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. November 2009
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 253mm x 177mm x 34mm
- Gewicht: 990g
- ISBN-13: 9780470681954
- ISBN-10: 0470681950
- Artikelnr.: 28162909
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 496
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. November 2009
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 253mm x 177mm x 34mm
- Gewicht: 990g
- ISBN-13: 9780470681954
- ISBN-10: 0470681950
- Artikelnr.: 28162909
Maurizio Benaglia is Associate Professor at the Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Milan, Italy. He is author of over ninety publications in international scientific journals, including five review articles. His current research focuses on stereoselective reactions, synthesis of chiral supramolecular systems, synthesis of supported organometallic and metal-free catalysts, and design and synthesis of new chiral catalysts, and environmentally pure catalysts.
Preface. Acknowledgements. Contributors. 1 The Experimental Assay of
Catalyst Recovery: General Concepts (John A. Gladysz). 1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Catalyst Precursor vs Catalyst. 1.3 Catalyst vs Catalyst Resting State.
1.4 Catalyst Inventory: Loss Mechanisms. 1.5 Evaluation of Catalyst
Recovery. 1.6 Prospective. References. 2 Surface-functionalized Nanoporous
Catalysts for Renewable Chemistry (Brian G. Trewyn, Hung-Ting Chen and
Victor S.-Y. Lin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Immobilization Strategies of
Heterogeneous Catalysts. 2.3 Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts with
Enhanced Reactivity and Selectivity with Functionality. 2.4 Other
Heterogeneous Catalyst Systems on Nonsilica Supports. 2.5 Conclusion.
References. 3 Insoluble Resin-supported Catalysts (Gang Zhao and Zhuo
Chai). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Transition Metal Catalyzed C_C Bond Formation
Reactions. 3.3 Oxidation. 3.4 Reduction. 3.5 Organocatalyzed Reactions. 3.6
Annulation Reactions. 3.7 Miscellaneous. 3.8 Conclusion. References. 4
Catalysts Bound to Soluble Polymers (Tamilselvi Chinnusamy, Petra Hilgers
and Oliver Reiser). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Soluble Supports - General
Considerations. 4.3 Recent Developments of Soluble Polymer-supported
Catalysts. 4.4 Recent Examples for Reactions Promoted by Catalysts Bound to
Soluble Polymers. 4.5 Conclusion. List of Abbreviations. References. 5
Polymeric, Recoverable Catalytic Systems (Qiao-Sheng Hu). 5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Polymeric Catalyst Systems. 5.3 Summary. Acknowledgements. References.
6 Thermomorphic Catalysts (David E. Bergbreiter). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2
Thermomorphic Catalyst Separation Strategies. 6.3 Hydrogenation Reactions
Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.4 Hydroformylation Reactions Under
Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.5 Hydroaminations Under Thermomorphic
Conditions. 6.6 Pd-catalyzed Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.7
Polymerization Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.8
Organocatalysis Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.9 Cu(I)-catalyzed
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.10
Thermomorphic Hydrosilylation Catalysts. 6.11 Thermomorphic Catalytic
Oxidations. 6.12 Conclusions. References. 7 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts (Wenbin Lin and David J. Mihalcik). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2
Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Catalytically Active
Subunits via Metal-Ligand Coordination. 7.3 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts Formed by Post-synthetic Modifications of Coordination Polymers.
7.4 Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Multitopic Chiral
Ligands with Catalytic Metal Centers. 7.5 Conclusions and Outlook.
Acknowledgments. References. 8 Fluorous Chiral Catalyst Immobilization
(Tibor Soós). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Fluorous Chemistry and its Basic
Recovery Concepts. 8.3 Application of Fluorous Chiral Catalysts. 8.4
Summary. References. 9 Biphasic Catalysis: Catalysis in Supercritical CO2
and in Water (Simon L. Desset and David J. Cole-Hamilton). 9.1
Introduction. 9.2 Biphasic Catalysis. 9.3 Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis. 9.4
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. 9.5 Conclusion. References. 10 Asymmetric
Catalysis in Ionic Liquids (Lijin Xu and Jianliang Xiao). 10.1
Introduction. 10.2 Metal-catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in ILs. 10.3
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Reactions in ILs. 10.4 Concluding Remarks.
References. 11 Recoverable Organic Catalysts (Maurizio Benaglia). 11.1
Introduction. 11.2 Achiral Organic Catalysts. 11.3 Chiral Organic
Catalysts. 11.4 Catalysts Derived from Amino Acids. 11.5 General
Considerations on Recyclable Organocatalysts. 11.6 Outlook and
Perspectives. References. 12 Organic Polymer-microencapsulated Metal
Catalysts (Jun Ou and Patrick H. Toy). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
Non-cross-linked Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.3 Cross-linked
Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.4 Summary Table. 12.5 Conclusions.
References. 13 Organic Synthesis with Mini Flow Reactors Using Immobilised
Catalysts (Sascha Ceylan and Andreas Kirschning). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2
Catalysis in Mini Flow Reactors with Immobilised Catalysts. 13.3
Miscellaneous Enabling Techniques for Mini Flow Systems. 13.4 Perspectives
and Outlook. References. 14 Homogeneous Catalysis Using Microreactor
Technology (Johan C. Brandt and Thomas Wirth). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2
Acid-catalysed Reactions. 14.3 Liquid-liquid Biphasic Systems. 14.4
Photocatalysis. 14.5 Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions. 14.6 Unusual Reaction
Conditions. References. 15 Catalyst Immobilization Strategy: Some General
Considerations and a Comparison of the Main Features of Different Supports
(Franco Cozzi). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 General Considerations on Catalyst
Immobilization. 15.3 Comparison of Different Supports Employed for the
Immobilization of Proline. 15.4 Comparison of Different Supports Employed
for the Immobilization of Bis(oxazolines). 15.5 Conclusions. References.
Index.
Catalyst Recovery: General Concepts (John A. Gladysz). 1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Catalyst Precursor vs Catalyst. 1.3 Catalyst vs Catalyst Resting State.
1.4 Catalyst Inventory: Loss Mechanisms. 1.5 Evaluation of Catalyst
Recovery. 1.6 Prospective. References. 2 Surface-functionalized Nanoporous
Catalysts for Renewable Chemistry (Brian G. Trewyn, Hung-Ting Chen and
Victor S.-Y. Lin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Immobilization Strategies of
Heterogeneous Catalysts. 2.3 Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts with
Enhanced Reactivity and Selectivity with Functionality. 2.4 Other
Heterogeneous Catalyst Systems on Nonsilica Supports. 2.5 Conclusion.
References. 3 Insoluble Resin-supported Catalysts (Gang Zhao and Zhuo
Chai). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Transition Metal Catalyzed C_C Bond Formation
Reactions. 3.3 Oxidation. 3.4 Reduction. 3.5 Organocatalyzed Reactions. 3.6
Annulation Reactions. 3.7 Miscellaneous. 3.8 Conclusion. References. 4
Catalysts Bound to Soluble Polymers (Tamilselvi Chinnusamy, Petra Hilgers
and Oliver Reiser). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Soluble Supports - General
Considerations. 4.3 Recent Developments of Soluble Polymer-supported
Catalysts. 4.4 Recent Examples for Reactions Promoted by Catalysts Bound to
Soluble Polymers. 4.5 Conclusion. List of Abbreviations. References. 5
Polymeric, Recoverable Catalytic Systems (Qiao-Sheng Hu). 5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Polymeric Catalyst Systems. 5.3 Summary. Acknowledgements. References.
6 Thermomorphic Catalysts (David E. Bergbreiter). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2
Thermomorphic Catalyst Separation Strategies. 6.3 Hydrogenation Reactions
Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.4 Hydroformylation Reactions Under
Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.5 Hydroaminations Under Thermomorphic
Conditions. 6.6 Pd-catalyzed Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.7
Polymerization Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.8
Organocatalysis Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.9 Cu(I)-catalyzed
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.10
Thermomorphic Hydrosilylation Catalysts. 6.11 Thermomorphic Catalytic
Oxidations. 6.12 Conclusions. References. 7 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts (Wenbin Lin and David J. Mihalcik). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2
Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Catalytically Active
Subunits via Metal-Ligand Coordination. 7.3 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts Formed by Post-synthetic Modifications of Coordination Polymers.
7.4 Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Multitopic Chiral
Ligands with Catalytic Metal Centers. 7.5 Conclusions and Outlook.
Acknowledgments. References. 8 Fluorous Chiral Catalyst Immobilization
(Tibor Soós). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Fluorous Chemistry and its Basic
Recovery Concepts. 8.3 Application of Fluorous Chiral Catalysts. 8.4
Summary. References. 9 Biphasic Catalysis: Catalysis in Supercritical CO2
and in Water (Simon L. Desset and David J. Cole-Hamilton). 9.1
Introduction. 9.2 Biphasic Catalysis. 9.3 Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis. 9.4
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. 9.5 Conclusion. References. 10 Asymmetric
Catalysis in Ionic Liquids (Lijin Xu and Jianliang Xiao). 10.1
Introduction. 10.2 Metal-catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in ILs. 10.3
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Reactions in ILs. 10.4 Concluding Remarks.
References. 11 Recoverable Organic Catalysts (Maurizio Benaglia). 11.1
Introduction. 11.2 Achiral Organic Catalysts. 11.3 Chiral Organic
Catalysts. 11.4 Catalysts Derived from Amino Acids. 11.5 General
Considerations on Recyclable Organocatalysts. 11.6 Outlook and
Perspectives. References. 12 Organic Polymer-microencapsulated Metal
Catalysts (Jun Ou and Patrick H. Toy). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
Non-cross-linked Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.3 Cross-linked
Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.4 Summary Table. 12.5 Conclusions.
References. 13 Organic Synthesis with Mini Flow Reactors Using Immobilised
Catalysts (Sascha Ceylan and Andreas Kirschning). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2
Catalysis in Mini Flow Reactors with Immobilised Catalysts. 13.3
Miscellaneous Enabling Techniques for Mini Flow Systems. 13.4 Perspectives
and Outlook. References. 14 Homogeneous Catalysis Using Microreactor
Technology (Johan C. Brandt and Thomas Wirth). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2
Acid-catalysed Reactions. 14.3 Liquid-liquid Biphasic Systems. 14.4
Photocatalysis. 14.5 Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions. 14.6 Unusual Reaction
Conditions. References. 15 Catalyst Immobilization Strategy: Some General
Considerations and a Comparison of the Main Features of Different Supports
(Franco Cozzi). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 General Considerations on Catalyst
Immobilization. 15.3 Comparison of Different Supports Employed for the
Immobilization of Proline. 15.4 Comparison of Different Supports Employed
for the Immobilization of Bis(oxazolines). 15.5 Conclusions. References.
Index.
Preface. Acknowledgements. Contributors. 1 The Experimental Assay of
Catalyst Recovery: General Concepts (John A. Gladysz). 1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Catalyst Precursor vs Catalyst. 1.3 Catalyst vs Catalyst Resting State.
1.4 Catalyst Inventory: Loss Mechanisms. 1.5 Evaluation of Catalyst
Recovery. 1.6 Prospective. References. 2 Surface-functionalized Nanoporous
Catalysts for Renewable Chemistry (Brian G. Trewyn, Hung-Ting Chen and
Victor S.-Y. Lin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Immobilization Strategies of
Heterogeneous Catalysts. 2.3 Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts with
Enhanced Reactivity and Selectivity with Functionality. 2.4 Other
Heterogeneous Catalyst Systems on Nonsilica Supports. 2.5 Conclusion.
References. 3 Insoluble Resin-supported Catalysts (Gang Zhao and Zhuo
Chai). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Transition Metal Catalyzed C_C Bond Formation
Reactions. 3.3 Oxidation. 3.4 Reduction. 3.5 Organocatalyzed Reactions. 3.6
Annulation Reactions. 3.7 Miscellaneous. 3.8 Conclusion. References. 4
Catalysts Bound to Soluble Polymers (Tamilselvi Chinnusamy, Petra Hilgers
and Oliver Reiser). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Soluble Supports - General
Considerations. 4.3 Recent Developments of Soluble Polymer-supported
Catalysts. 4.4 Recent Examples for Reactions Promoted by Catalysts Bound to
Soluble Polymers. 4.5 Conclusion. List of Abbreviations. References. 5
Polymeric, Recoverable Catalytic Systems (Qiao-Sheng Hu). 5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Polymeric Catalyst Systems. 5.3 Summary. Acknowledgements. References.
6 Thermomorphic Catalysts (David E. Bergbreiter). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2
Thermomorphic Catalyst Separation Strategies. 6.3 Hydrogenation Reactions
Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.4 Hydroformylation Reactions Under
Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.5 Hydroaminations Under Thermomorphic
Conditions. 6.6 Pd-catalyzed Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.7
Polymerization Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.8
Organocatalysis Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.9 Cu(I)-catalyzed
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.10
Thermomorphic Hydrosilylation Catalysts. 6.11 Thermomorphic Catalytic
Oxidations. 6.12 Conclusions. References. 7 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts (Wenbin Lin and David J. Mihalcik). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2
Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Catalytically Active
Subunits via Metal-Ligand Coordination. 7.3 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts Formed by Post-synthetic Modifications of Coordination Polymers.
7.4 Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Multitopic Chiral
Ligands with Catalytic Metal Centers. 7.5 Conclusions and Outlook.
Acknowledgments. References. 8 Fluorous Chiral Catalyst Immobilization
(Tibor Soós). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Fluorous Chemistry and its Basic
Recovery Concepts. 8.3 Application of Fluorous Chiral Catalysts. 8.4
Summary. References. 9 Biphasic Catalysis: Catalysis in Supercritical CO2
and in Water (Simon L. Desset and David J. Cole-Hamilton). 9.1
Introduction. 9.2 Biphasic Catalysis. 9.3 Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis. 9.4
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. 9.5 Conclusion. References. 10 Asymmetric
Catalysis in Ionic Liquids (Lijin Xu and Jianliang Xiao). 10.1
Introduction. 10.2 Metal-catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in ILs. 10.3
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Reactions in ILs. 10.4 Concluding Remarks.
References. 11 Recoverable Organic Catalysts (Maurizio Benaglia). 11.1
Introduction. 11.2 Achiral Organic Catalysts. 11.3 Chiral Organic
Catalysts. 11.4 Catalysts Derived from Amino Acids. 11.5 General
Considerations on Recyclable Organocatalysts. 11.6 Outlook and
Perspectives. References. 12 Organic Polymer-microencapsulated Metal
Catalysts (Jun Ou and Patrick H. Toy). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
Non-cross-linked Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.3 Cross-linked
Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.4 Summary Table. 12.5 Conclusions.
References. 13 Organic Synthesis with Mini Flow Reactors Using Immobilised
Catalysts (Sascha Ceylan and Andreas Kirschning). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2
Catalysis in Mini Flow Reactors with Immobilised Catalysts. 13.3
Miscellaneous Enabling Techniques for Mini Flow Systems. 13.4 Perspectives
and Outlook. References. 14 Homogeneous Catalysis Using Microreactor
Technology (Johan C. Brandt and Thomas Wirth). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2
Acid-catalysed Reactions. 14.3 Liquid-liquid Biphasic Systems. 14.4
Photocatalysis. 14.5 Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions. 14.6 Unusual Reaction
Conditions. References. 15 Catalyst Immobilization Strategy: Some General
Considerations and a Comparison of the Main Features of Different Supports
(Franco Cozzi). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 General Considerations on Catalyst
Immobilization. 15.3 Comparison of Different Supports Employed for the
Immobilization of Proline. 15.4 Comparison of Different Supports Employed
for the Immobilization of Bis(oxazolines). 15.5 Conclusions. References.
Index.
Catalyst Recovery: General Concepts (John A. Gladysz). 1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Catalyst Precursor vs Catalyst. 1.3 Catalyst vs Catalyst Resting State.
1.4 Catalyst Inventory: Loss Mechanisms. 1.5 Evaluation of Catalyst
Recovery. 1.6 Prospective. References. 2 Surface-functionalized Nanoporous
Catalysts for Renewable Chemistry (Brian G. Trewyn, Hung-Ting Chen and
Victor S.-Y. Lin). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Immobilization Strategies of
Heterogeneous Catalysts. 2.3 Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts with
Enhanced Reactivity and Selectivity with Functionality. 2.4 Other
Heterogeneous Catalyst Systems on Nonsilica Supports. 2.5 Conclusion.
References. 3 Insoluble Resin-supported Catalysts (Gang Zhao and Zhuo
Chai). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Transition Metal Catalyzed C_C Bond Formation
Reactions. 3.3 Oxidation. 3.4 Reduction. 3.5 Organocatalyzed Reactions. 3.6
Annulation Reactions. 3.7 Miscellaneous. 3.8 Conclusion. References. 4
Catalysts Bound to Soluble Polymers (Tamilselvi Chinnusamy, Petra Hilgers
and Oliver Reiser). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Soluble Supports - General
Considerations. 4.3 Recent Developments of Soluble Polymer-supported
Catalysts. 4.4 Recent Examples for Reactions Promoted by Catalysts Bound to
Soluble Polymers. 4.5 Conclusion. List of Abbreviations. References. 5
Polymeric, Recoverable Catalytic Systems (Qiao-Sheng Hu). 5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Polymeric Catalyst Systems. 5.3 Summary. Acknowledgements. References.
6 Thermomorphic Catalysts (David E. Bergbreiter). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2
Thermomorphic Catalyst Separation Strategies. 6.3 Hydrogenation Reactions
Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.4 Hydroformylation Reactions Under
Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.5 Hydroaminations Under Thermomorphic
Conditions. 6.6 Pd-catalyzed Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.7
Polymerization Reactions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.8
Organocatalysis Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.9 Cu(I)-catalyzed
1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions Under Thermomorphic Conditions. 6.10
Thermomorphic Hydrosilylation Catalysts. 6.11 Thermomorphic Catalytic
Oxidations. 6.12 Conclusions. References. 7 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts (Wenbin Lin and David J. Mihalcik). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2
Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Catalytically Active
Subunits via Metal-Ligand Coordination. 7.3 Self-supported Asymmetric
Catalysts Formed by Post-synthetic Modifications of Coordination Polymers.
7.4 Self-supported Asymmetric Catalysts Formed by Linking Multitopic Chiral
Ligands with Catalytic Metal Centers. 7.5 Conclusions and Outlook.
Acknowledgments. References. 8 Fluorous Chiral Catalyst Immobilization
(Tibor Soós). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Fluorous Chemistry and its Basic
Recovery Concepts. 8.3 Application of Fluorous Chiral Catalysts. 8.4
Summary. References. 9 Biphasic Catalysis: Catalysis in Supercritical CO2
and in Water (Simon L. Desset and David J. Cole-Hamilton). 9.1
Introduction. 9.2 Biphasic Catalysis. 9.3 Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis. 9.4
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. 9.5 Conclusion. References. 10 Asymmetric
Catalysis in Ionic Liquids (Lijin Xu and Jianliang Xiao). 10.1
Introduction. 10.2 Metal-catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions in ILs. 10.3
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Reactions in ILs. 10.4 Concluding Remarks.
References. 11 Recoverable Organic Catalysts (Maurizio Benaglia). 11.1
Introduction. 11.2 Achiral Organic Catalysts. 11.3 Chiral Organic
Catalysts. 11.4 Catalysts Derived from Amino Acids. 11.5 General
Considerations on Recyclable Organocatalysts. 11.6 Outlook and
Perspectives. References. 12 Organic Polymer-microencapsulated Metal
Catalysts (Jun Ou and Patrick H. Toy). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
Non-cross-linked Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.3 Cross-linked
Polymer-microencapsulated Catalysts. 12.4 Summary Table. 12.5 Conclusions.
References. 13 Organic Synthesis with Mini Flow Reactors Using Immobilised
Catalysts (Sascha Ceylan and Andreas Kirschning). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2
Catalysis in Mini Flow Reactors with Immobilised Catalysts. 13.3
Miscellaneous Enabling Techniques for Mini Flow Systems. 13.4 Perspectives
and Outlook. References. 14 Homogeneous Catalysis Using Microreactor
Technology (Johan C. Brandt and Thomas Wirth). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2
Acid-catalysed Reactions. 14.3 Liquid-liquid Biphasic Systems. 14.4
Photocatalysis. 14.5 Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions. 14.6 Unusual Reaction
Conditions. References. 15 Catalyst Immobilization Strategy: Some General
Considerations and a Comparison of the Main Features of Different Supports
(Franco Cozzi). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 General Considerations on Catalyst
Immobilization. 15.3 Comparison of Different Supports Employed for the
Immobilization of Proline. 15.4 Comparison of Different Supports Employed
for the Immobilization of Bis(oxazolines). 15.5 Conclusions. References.
Index.