Plant interaction with its environment and pests

Plant interaction with its environment and pests

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Plants and insects have co-evolved over millions of years, resulting in complex and dynamic interactions that have shaped the biodiversity of our planet. Plant-insect relationships may exhibit features of mutualism, antagonism and commensalism. Plant-insect interactions have significant implications for agroecosystem functioning and services. Thus, understanding the complex relationships between plants and insects is critical for sustainable agriculture and ecosystem management. These interactions are also critical to the interplay between agroecosystems and their ecological implications for t...