HE ninth Scottish Universities' Summer School in Physics, sponsored T jointly by the Scottish Universities and NATO was held at Newbattle Abbey from 28th July to 16th August 1968. This was the first Scottish Summer School to be devoted to plasma physics, the exact title for the School being the Physics of Hot Plasmas. Forty-three students were accepted, fourteen of these being resident in the United Kingdom. In addition there were eleven lecturers and seven other participants. The choice of lecturers, particularly in experimental plasma physics, was limited to some extent by the fact that an…mehr
HE ninth Scottish Universities' Summer School in Physics, sponsored T jointly by the Scottish Universities and NATO was held at Newbattle Abbey from 28th July to 16th August 1968. This was the first Scottish Summer School to be devoted to plasma physics, the exact title for the School being the Physics of Hot Plasmas. Forty-three students were accepted, fourteen of these being resident in the United Kingdom. In addition there were eleven lecturers and seven other participants. The choice of lecturers, particularly in experimental plasma physics, was limited to some extent by the fact that an international conference on con trolled fusion was held at Novosibirsk during the first week in August. Not withstanding this, it was possible to arrange a programme of lectures reasonably well balanced between theoretical and experimental plasma physics. The topics chosen included kinetic theory, waves and oscillations, instabilities, turbulence, collisionless shocks, computational methods, laser scattering and laser generated plasmas, plasma production and containment. Several semi nars on special topics were given by invited speakers and by students.
1. Introduction to Kinetic Theory of Plasma.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Application of the Boltzmann Equation to Plasmas.- 3. Transport Coefficients for Simple Gases.- 4. The Relaxation Approximation.- 5. The Lorentz Gas (I).- 6. The Lorentz Gas (II).- 7. The Kinetic Equation for the Plasma.- 8. Some Properties of the Kinetic Equation.- 9. The Electron Correlation Function and Radiation Scatter.- 2. Advanced Kinetic Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Balescu-Guernsey-Lenard Equation and its Properties.- 3. Klimontovich Equations of Plasma.- 4. Solution of the Linear Equations and Conventional Kinetic Theory.- 5. Justification of an Expansion of the Non-Linear Equations.- 6. Wave Kinetic Equation to Lowest Order.- 7. Particle Kinetic Equation.- 8. Non-Linear Modifications.- 9. Formulation of the Problem of a Test Particle in a Magnetic Field.- 10. Conclusions.- 3. Plasma Waves and Oscillations.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Magnetohydrodynamic Waves.- 3. Oscillations of a Two-Fluid Plasma.- 4. Oscillations of a Cold Plasma.- 5. Oscillations of a Hot Plasma.- 4. Plasma Instabilities.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Macroscopic Instabilities.- 3. Microinstabilities.- 4. Non-Linear Effects.- 5. Finite Plasma Effects.- 5. Computational Problems in Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Research.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Numerical Studies of Pinch Experiments.- 3. Resistive Instability Calculations.- 4. Computation of Finite-Beta Equilibria.- 5. Numerical Solution of the Fokker-Planck Equations for a Plasma.- 6. Numerical Solution of the Vlasov Equation.- 6. Turbulence.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Stochastic Acceleration.- 3. Weak Turbulence.- 4. The Experimental Situation.- 5. Conclusion.- 7. Collisionless Shocks.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Shock Formation.- 3. Laminar Shocks.- 4. Turbulent Shocks.- 8. Collisionless Shock Waves.- I: A General Review.- II. The Tarantula Experiment.- 9. Laser Produced Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Gas Breakdown.- 3. Properties of Laser produced Plasmas in Gases.- 4. Laser produced Plasmas using Solid Targets and Single Particles.- 10. The Production and Containment of High Density Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Theta-Pinch.- 3. Shock Heating and Joule Heating.- 4. Radiation and Conduction Losses.- 5. Plasma Focus.- 6. Containment Problems.- 7. Axial Losses.- 8. Consequences for Thermonuclear Systems.- 9. Toroidal Systems.- 11. Light Scattering Experiments.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Scattering from a Free Electron Gas.- 3. Scattering from a Plasma.- 4. Experimental Considerations.- 5. Experimental Results.- 6. Technique.- 12. Plasma Diagnostics Based on Refractivity.- 1. Refractivity of Plasma.- 2. Review of Methods and Techniques in Refractivity Diagnosis.- 3. Some Limitations to these Methods.- 4. Interferometric Measurements.- 5. Laser Interferometry.- 6. The Schlieren Method.- 7. The Shadowgraph.- 8. Application of Holography in Optical Plasma Diagnostics.
1. Introduction to Kinetic Theory of Plasma.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Application of the Boltzmann Equation to Plasmas.- 3. Transport Coefficients for Simple Gases.- 4. The Relaxation Approximation.- 5. The Lorentz Gas (I).- 6. The Lorentz Gas (II).- 7. The Kinetic Equation for the Plasma.- 8. Some Properties of the Kinetic Equation.- 9. The Electron Correlation Function and Radiation Scatter.- 2. Advanced Kinetic Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Balescu-Guernsey-Lenard Equation and its Properties.- 3. Klimontovich Equations of Plasma.- 4. Solution of the Linear Equations and Conventional Kinetic Theory.- 5. Justification of an Expansion of the Non-Linear Equations.- 6. Wave Kinetic Equation to Lowest Order.- 7. Particle Kinetic Equation.- 8. Non-Linear Modifications.- 9. Formulation of the Problem of a Test Particle in a Magnetic Field.- 10. Conclusions.- 3. Plasma Waves and Oscillations.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Magnetohydrodynamic Waves.- 3. Oscillations of a Two-Fluid Plasma.- 4. Oscillations of a Cold Plasma.- 5. Oscillations of a Hot Plasma.- 4. Plasma Instabilities.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Macroscopic Instabilities.- 3. Microinstabilities.- 4. Non-Linear Effects.- 5. Finite Plasma Effects.- 5. Computational Problems in Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Research.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Numerical Studies of Pinch Experiments.- 3. Resistive Instability Calculations.- 4. Computation of Finite-Beta Equilibria.- 5. Numerical Solution of the Fokker-Planck Equations for a Plasma.- 6. Numerical Solution of the Vlasov Equation.- 6. Turbulence.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Stochastic Acceleration.- 3. Weak Turbulence.- 4. The Experimental Situation.- 5. Conclusion.- 7. Collisionless Shocks.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Shock Formation.- 3. Laminar Shocks.- 4. Turbulent Shocks.- 8. Collisionless Shock Waves.- I: A General Review.- II. The Tarantula Experiment.- 9. Laser Produced Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Gas Breakdown.- 3. Properties of Laser produced Plasmas in Gases.- 4. Laser produced Plasmas using Solid Targets and Single Particles.- 10. The Production and Containment of High Density Plasmas.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Theta-Pinch.- 3. Shock Heating and Joule Heating.- 4. Radiation and Conduction Losses.- 5. Plasma Focus.- 6. Containment Problems.- 7. Axial Losses.- 8. Consequences for Thermonuclear Systems.- 9. Toroidal Systems.- 11. Light Scattering Experiments.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Scattering from a Free Electron Gas.- 3. Scattering from a Plasma.- 4. Experimental Considerations.- 5. Experimental Results.- 6. Technique.- 12. Plasma Diagnostics Based on Refractivity.- 1. Refractivity of Plasma.- 2. Review of Methods and Techniques in Refractivity Diagnosis.- 3. Some Limitations to these Methods.- 4. Interferometric Measurements.- 5. Laser Interferometry.- 6. The Schlieren Method.- 7. The Shadowgraph.- 8. Application of Holography in Optical Plasma Diagnostics.
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