R. Quirion / A. Björklund / T. Hökfelt (eds.)
Peptide Receptors, Part I
Volume 16
Herausgeber: Bjorklund, A.; Quinton, P.; Hokfelt, T.
R. Quirion / A. Björklund / T. Hökfelt (eds.)
Peptide Receptors, Part I
Volume 16
Herausgeber: Bjorklund, A.; Quinton, P.; Hokfelt, T.
- Gebundenes Buch
- Merkliste
- Auf die Merkliste
- Bewerten Bewerten
- Teilen
- Produkt teilen
- Produkterinnerung
- Produkterinnerung
During the last few years, the pace of research in the field of neuropeptide receptors has increased steadily: new neuropeptides were discovered, and the classification of receptor subtypes has been refined. It thus appeared essential to update the information. Peptide Receptors Part I summarizes current knowledge on ten distinct peptide families.This volume integrates photomontages and maps of quantitative receptor autoradiography, in situ hybridization histochemistry, and immunocytochemistry images. Application of these classical techniques and of new approaches such as transgenic and…mehr
Andere Kunden interessierten sich auch für
- D.G. Stavenga / W.J. de Grip / E.N. Pugh (eds.)Molecular Mechanisms in Visual Transduction196,99 €
- Akhlaq A FarooquiMetabolism and Functions of Bioactive Ether Lipids in the Brain179,99 €
- Stefan Bröer / Carsten A. Wagner (eds.)Membrane Transporter Diseases179,99 €
- Mechanosensitivity of the Nervous System147,99 €
- M. Naoi / S.H. Parvez / W. Maruyama / M.A. Collins / M.B.H. Youdim (eds.)Milestones in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection: A Tribute to Professor Toshiharu Nagatsu96,99 €
- R.M. Ransohoff / K. Suzuki / A.E.I. Proudfoot / W.F. Hickey / J.K. Harrison (eds.)Universes in Delicate Balance: Chemokines and the Nervous System230,99 €
- Ruma BanerjeeRedox Biochemistry175,99 €
-
-
-
During the last few years, the pace of research in the field of neuropeptide receptors has increased steadily: new neuropeptides were discovered, and the classification of receptor subtypes has been refined. It thus appeared essential to update the information. Peptide Receptors Part I summarizes current knowledge on ten distinct peptide families.This volume integrates photomontages and maps of quantitative receptor autoradiography, in situ hybridization histochemistry, and immunocytochemistry images. Application of these classical techniques and of new approaches such as transgenic and knock-out animals has revealed a distinct species and tissue specific variation in receptor subtypes expression and pharmacology in the mammalian central nervous system.The functional role of neuropeptides and their receptors in the CNS has been investigated thanks to the development of potent and selective receptor antagonists and agonists. The development of specific neuropeptide-related molecules will help to get a better understanding of receptor subtype physiology and neuronal distribution and may lead to innovative treatments in a variety of brain disorders.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Elsevier Science
- Seitenzahl: 462
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. Juni 2000
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 249mm x 183mm x 36mm
- Gewicht: 1320g
- ISBN-13: 9780444829726
- ISBN-10: 0444829725
- Artikelnr.: 32968494
- Verlag: Elsevier Science
- Seitenzahl: 462
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. Juni 2000
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 249mm x 183mm x 36mm
- Gewicht: 1320g
- ISBN-13: 9780444829726
- ISBN-10: 0444829725
- Artikelnr.: 32968494
I. Somatostatin receptors. (P. Dournaud, A. Slama, A. Beaudet, J.
Epelbaum). 1. Introduction. 2. Structural and biochemical properties. 3.
Localization of somatostatin binding sites in central nervous system. 4.
Localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes. 4.1. sst receptor. 4.2. sst
receptor. 4.3. sst receptor. 4.4. sst receptor. 4.5. sst receptor. 5.
Somatostatin receptors in brain disorders. 5.1. Brain tumors. 5.2.
Alzheimer's disease. 5.3. Epilepsy. 6. Perspectives. 7. Abbreviations. 8.
Acknowledgements. 9. References. II. Brain PACAP/VIP receptors: regional
distribution, functional properties and physiological relevance. (P.J.
Magistretti, L. Journot, J. Bockaert, J.-L. Martin). 1. Introduction. 1.1.
Biosynthesis of VIP and PACAP. 1.2. VIP and PACAP binding sites. 2.
Distribution of VIP and PACAP receptors. 2.1. Autoradiographic distribution
of VIP binding sites in rodent brain. 2.2. Distribution of PACAP binding
sites in rat brain. 2.3. Comparison between the distribution of VIP and
PACAP binding sites. 3. Molecular cloning and pharmacological
characterization of VIP/PACAP receptors. 3.1. VPAC1 and VPAC2: two genes,
two receptors. 3.2. PAC1: one gene, seven receptors (at least). 3.3.
Pharmacology. 3.4. Distribution of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in rat brain.
3.5. Distribution of PAC1 receptor mRNA. 4. Signal transduction. 4.1.
VPAC1, VPAC2: two receptors, one effector. 4.2. PAC1: seven receptors, two
effectors. 4.3. Agonist-directed PAC1 receptor trafficking of PLC
stimulation. 4.4. Additional PAC1 receptor signal transduction. 5. Trophic
actions of VIP and PACAP. 5.1. Neurotrophic actions elicited by VIP. 5.2.
Stimulation of early embryonic growth by VIP. 5.3. VIP protects against
excitotoxic cell death. 5.4. Neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties of
PACAP. 6. Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms and sleep. 6.1.
Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms. 6.2. VIP and PACAP are
involved in sleep regulation. 7. Regulation of brain energy metabolism by
VIP. 7.1. Regulation by VIP of genes controlling glycogen metabolism. 8.
Modulation by VIP and PACAP of glutamate-mediated signalling in the
cerebral cortex. 8.1. VIP and PACAP potentiate the glutamate-evoked release
of arachidonic acid. 8.2. VIP and PACAP potentiate the actions of glumate
on BDNF and c-fos expression. 9. Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11.
References. III. Localization of angiotensin receptors in the nervous
system. (A.M. Allen, B.J. Oldfield, M.E. Giles, G. Paxinos, M.J. McKinley,
F.A.O. Mendelsohn) 1. Introduction. 1.1. Renin-angiotensin system. 1.2.
Renin-angiotensin system in the brain. 1.3. Angiotensin receptors. 2.
Localization of AT and AT receptors. 2.1. Localization by autoradiography
or hybridization histochemistry. 2.2. Distribution of AT and AT receptors
in the rat brain. 2.3. Immunohistochemical detection of AT receptors. 2.4.
The distribution of AT and AT receptors in other species. 3. Overview of AT
receptor functions in selected brain regions. 3.1. The lamina terminalis.
3.2. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. 3.3. The dorsal vagal
complex. 3.4. The ventrolateral medulla. 4. Conclusion. 5. Abbreviations.
6. Acknowledgements. 7. References. IV. Brain endothelin and natriuretic
peptide receptors. (J.M. Saavedra, A.M. De Oliveira, O. Jöhren, L.
Tonelli.) 1. Why endothelin and natriuretic receptors? 2. Brain endothelin
receptors. 2.1. Endothelin. 2.2. Distribution of endothelins. 2.3.
Endothelin receptors. 2.4. Quantification of endothelin receptors and their
subtypes. 2.5. How many receptor subtypes. 2.6. Distribution of ET
receptors. 2.7. Functions of endothelin receptors in the brain. 3. Brain
natriuretic peptide receptors. 3.1. Natriuretic peptides. 3.2. Distribution
of natriuretic peptides in the brain. 3.3. Natriuretic peptide receptors.
3.4. Quantification of natriuretic peptide receptors and their subtypes.
3.5. How many receptor subtypes. 3.6. Distribution of natriuretic
receptors. 3.7. Comparative distribution of ANP immunoreactivity and ANP
receptors. 3.8. Signal transduction mechanisms. 3.9. Functions of
natriuretic peptide receptors in the brain. 3.10. Other effects in the CNS.
3.11. Interactions between natriuretic peptides, endothelin and angiotensin
II. 4. References. V. Neuropeptide FF receptors. (J.-M. Zajac, C.
Gouardères.) 1. Introduction. 2. Pharmacological activities of neuropeptide
FF. 3. Neuropeptide FF as a neurotransmitter. 3.1. Release of neuropeptide
FF. 3.2. Distribution of neuropeptide FF. 4. Neuropeptide FF receptors.
4.1. Methodological considerations. 4.2. Biochemical characterization of [
125I]1DMe on spinal cord sections. 4.3. Pharmacological specifity of [125
I]1DMe binding. 4.4. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors, autoradiographic
distribution. 5. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors in other species. 5.1.
Neuropeptide FF receptors in rodents. 5.2. Neuropeptide FF receptors in
lagomorphs. 5.3. Neuropeptide FF receptors in man. 6. Discussion. 7.
Abbreviations. 8. Acknowledgements. 9. References. VI. Neurokinin receptors
in the CNS. (A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, A.L. McLeod, J.E. Krause.) 1.
Introduction. 2. Discovery of the tachykinins. 3. Distribution of
tachykinin-like immunoreactivity. 4. Physiological functions of
tachykinins. 5. CNS neurokinin receptors. 5.1. Receptor types. 5.2. Methods
of study. 5.3. Studies with radioactive ligands. 5.4. In situ
hybridization studies. 5.5. Immunocytochemical studies. 6. Are tachykinins
mostly involved in 'volume' transmission? 7. Conclusion. 8. Abbreviations.
9. Acknowledgements. 10. References. VII. Brain kallikrein-kinin system:
from receptors to neuronal pathways and physiological functions. (R.
Couture, C.J. Lindsey). 1. Introduction. 2. The kallikrein-kinin system.
2.1. Kinin receptors. 2.2. Signal transduction pathways. 2.3. Metabolic
pathways. 3. Regional distribution of the kallikrein-kinin system in the
central nervous system. 3.1. Kinin precursors. (kininogens). 3.2. Kinin
synthesizing enzymes (kininogenases). 3.3. Active molecules (kinins). 3.4.
Kinin degrading enzymes (kininases). 3.5. Kinin receptors. 4. On the
physiological role for kinins in central cardiovascular regulation. 4.1.
Mechanisms subserving the cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.2.
Site of action for cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.3.
Receptors mediating the cardiovascular effects of kinin in the CNS. 4.4.
Endogenous kinins in central control of blood pressure. 5. On the
physiological role for kinins in the spinal cord. 6. Other central effects
of kinins. 7. Considerations and perspectives. 8. Conclusion. 9.
Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11. References. VIII. Calcitonin
gene-related peptide (CGRP), amylin and adrenomedullin: anatomical
localization and biological functions in the mammalian and human brains.
(D. Jacques, Y. Dumont, D. Van Rossum, R. Quirion.) 1. Discovery and
genomic composition. 2. Structure of CGRP and structure-activity
relationships. 3. Amylin. 4. Adrenomedullin. 5. Neuroanatomical
localization. 5.1. CGRP mRNA containing neurons. 5.2. CGRP-like
immunoreactivity in the brain. 5.4. Adrenomedullin-like immunoreactivity in
the brain. 5.5. Receptor distribution and characterization. 6. Biological
activities. 6.1. Fiber pathways containing CGRP. 6.2. CGRP-induced
behavioral changes. 6.3. CGRP and motoneurons: development and functions.
6.4. CGRP and sensory neurons. 6.5. CGRP effects in the cardiovascular
system. 6.6. CGRP effects in the gastrointestinal tract. 6.7. Central and
peripheral effects of amylin. 6.8. Central and peripheral effects of
adrenomedullin. 7. Conclusion and perspectives. 8. Abbreviations. 9.
Acknowledgements 10. References. IX. Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and
pancreatic polypeptide receptor proteins and mRNAs in mammalian brains.
(Y. Dumont, D. Acques, J.-A. St-Pierre, Y. Tong, R. Parker, H. Herzog, R.
Quirion). 1. Introduction. 2. Biological effects of NPY and related
peptides. 3. NPY, PYY and PP receptor subtypes. 3.1. The Y and Y receptor
subtypes. 3.2. The Y receptor subtype. 3.3. The Y receptor subtype. 3.4.
The Y receptor subtype. 3.5. The 'so-called' Y receptor subtype. 3.6. Other
NPY receptor subtypes? 4. Agonists and antagonists of the NPY family. 4.1.
Agonists. 4.2. Antagonists. 5. NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.1.
Characterization of NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.2. NPY receptor
mRNAs. 5.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in rat brain. 6. NPY
receptor subtypes in other species. 6.1. Distribution of NPY receptor
subtypes in the mouse brain. 6.2. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in
the guinea-pig brain. 6.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in the
marmoset monkey (Callitrix jacchus) brain. 6.4. Distribution of NPY
receptor subtypes in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) brain.
6.5. Distribution of NPY-like immunoreactivity and NPY receptor subtypes in
the human brain. 7. Interactions of NPY with various neuronal populations.
7.1. Rhinencephalic neurons. 7.2. Telencephalic neurons. 7.3. Diencephalic
neurons. 7.4. Metencephalic neurons. 7.5. Myencephalic neurons. 8.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of NPY and its receptors.
8.1. Feeding behavior. 8.2. Locomotion. 8.3. Learning behaviors and aging.
8.4. Seizure and epilepsy. 8.5. Thermoregulation, neuroendocrine regulation
and circadian rhythms. 8.6. Depression and anxiety. 8.7. Opioid withdrawal
and alcoholism. 8.8. Cardiorespiratory function. 8.9. Nociception. 8.10.
Non-neuronal effects of NPY-like peptides. 9. Conclusion. 10.
Abbreviations. 11. Acknowledgements. 12. References. X. Multiple brain
corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and binding protein. (E.B. De
Souza, D.E. Grigoriadis). 1. Introduction and historical perspectives. 2.
CRF family of peptides. 2.1. Amino acid sequence and structure of CRF. 2.2.
Amino acid sequence and structure of urocortin. 2.3. Organization of the
CRF gene and protein precursor. 2.4. Organization of the urocortin gene and
protein precursor. 3. Neuroanatomy of the CRF family of peptides. 3.1.
Distribution of CRF in the central nervous system. 3.2. Distribution of
urocortin in the central nervous system. 4. CRF receptors and binding
protein. 4.1. Molecular biology/receptor structure. 4.2. Pharmacological
characteristics. 4.3. Localization of ligand-binding domains of CRF
receptors: chimera and mutaional studies. 4.4. Localization and function of
CRF receptors and binding protein. 5. Summary and conclusions. 6.
Acknowledgements. 7. References. Subject Index.
Epelbaum). 1. Introduction. 2. Structural and biochemical properties. 3.
Localization of somatostatin binding sites in central nervous system. 4.
Localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes. 4.1. sst receptor. 4.2. sst
receptor. 4.3. sst receptor. 4.4. sst receptor. 4.5. sst receptor. 5.
Somatostatin receptors in brain disorders. 5.1. Brain tumors. 5.2.
Alzheimer's disease. 5.3. Epilepsy. 6. Perspectives. 7. Abbreviations. 8.
Acknowledgements. 9. References. II. Brain PACAP/VIP receptors: regional
distribution, functional properties and physiological relevance. (P.J.
Magistretti, L. Journot, J. Bockaert, J.-L. Martin). 1. Introduction. 1.1.
Biosynthesis of VIP and PACAP. 1.2. VIP and PACAP binding sites. 2.
Distribution of VIP and PACAP receptors. 2.1. Autoradiographic distribution
of VIP binding sites in rodent brain. 2.2. Distribution of PACAP binding
sites in rat brain. 2.3. Comparison between the distribution of VIP and
PACAP binding sites. 3. Molecular cloning and pharmacological
characterization of VIP/PACAP receptors. 3.1. VPAC1 and VPAC2: two genes,
two receptors. 3.2. PAC1: one gene, seven receptors (at least). 3.3.
Pharmacology. 3.4. Distribution of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in rat brain.
3.5. Distribution of PAC1 receptor mRNA. 4. Signal transduction. 4.1.
VPAC1, VPAC2: two receptors, one effector. 4.2. PAC1: seven receptors, two
effectors. 4.3. Agonist-directed PAC1 receptor trafficking of PLC
stimulation. 4.4. Additional PAC1 receptor signal transduction. 5. Trophic
actions of VIP and PACAP. 5.1. Neurotrophic actions elicited by VIP. 5.2.
Stimulation of early embryonic growth by VIP. 5.3. VIP protects against
excitotoxic cell death. 5.4. Neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties of
PACAP. 6. Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms and sleep. 6.1.
Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms. 6.2. VIP and PACAP are
involved in sleep regulation. 7. Regulation of brain energy metabolism by
VIP. 7.1. Regulation by VIP of genes controlling glycogen metabolism. 8.
Modulation by VIP and PACAP of glutamate-mediated signalling in the
cerebral cortex. 8.1. VIP and PACAP potentiate the glutamate-evoked release
of arachidonic acid. 8.2. VIP and PACAP potentiate the actions of glumate
on BDNF and c-fos expression. 9. Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11.
References. III. Localization of angiotensin receptors in the nervous
system. (A.M. Allen, B.J. Oldfield, M.E. Giles, G. Paxinos, M.J. McKinley,
F.A.O. Mendelsohn) 1. Introduction. 1.1. Renin-angiotensin system. 1.2.
Renin-angiotensin system in the brain. 1.3. Angiotensin receptors. 2.
Localization of AT and AT receptors. 2.1. Localization by autoradiography
or hybridization histochemistry. 2.2. Distribution of AT and AT receptors
in the rat brain. 2.3. Immunohistochemical detection of AT receptors. 2.4.
The distribution of AT and AT receptors in other species. 3. Overview of AT
receptor functions in selected brain regions. 3.1. The lamina terminalis.
3.2. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. 3.3. The dorsal vagal
complex. 3.4. The ventrolateral medulla. 4. Conclusion. 5. Abbreviations.
6. Acknowledgements. 7. References. IV. Brain endothelin and natriuretic
peptide receptors. (J.M. Saavedra, A.M. De Oliveira, O. Jöhren, L.
Tonelli.) 1. Why endothelin and natriuretic receptors? 2. Brain endothelin
receptors. 2.1. Endothelin. 2.2. Distribution of endothelins. 2.3.
Endothelin receptors. 2.4. Quantification of endothelin receptors and their
subtypes. 2.5. How many receptor subtypes. 2.6. Distribution of ET
receptors. 2.7. Functions of endothelin receptors in the brain. 3. Brain
natriuretic peptide receptors. 3.1. Natriuretic peptides. 3.2. Distribution
of natriuretic peptides in the brain. 3.3. Natriuretic peptide receptors.
3.4. Quantification of natriuretic peptide receptors and their subtypes.
3.5. How many receptor subtypes. 3.6. Distribution of natriuretic
receptors. 3.7. Comparative distribution of ANP immunoreactivity and ANP
receptors. 3.8. Signal transduction mechanisms. 3.9. Functions of
natriuretic peptide receptors in the brain. 3.10. Other effects in the CNS.
3.11. Interactions between natriuretic peptides, endothelin and angiotensin
II. 4. References. V. Neuropeptide FF receptors. (J.-M. Zajac, C.
Gouardères.) 1. Introduction. 2. Pharmacological activities of neuropeptide
FF. 3. Neuropeptide FF as a neurotransmitter. 3.1. Release of neuropeptide
FF. 3.2. Distribution of neuropeptide FF. 4. Neuropeptide FF receptors.
4.1. Methodological considerations. 4.2. Biochemical characterization of [
125I]1DMe on spinal cord sections. 4.3. Pharmacological specifity of [125
I]1DMe binding. 4.4. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors, autoradiographic
distribution. 5. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors in other species. 5.1.
Neuropeptide FF receptors in rodents. 5.2. Neuropeptide FF receptors in
lagomorphs. 5.3. Neuropeptide FF receptors in man. 6. Discussion. 7.
Abbreviations. 8. Acknowledgements. 9. References. VI. Neurokinin receptors
in the CNS. (A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, A.L. McLeod, J.E. Krause.) 1.
Introduction. 2. Discovery of the tachykinins. 3. Distribution of
tachykinin-like immunoreactivity. 4. Physiological functions of
tachykinins. 5. CNS neurokinin receptors. 5.1. Receptor types. 5.2. Methods
of study. 5.3. Studies with radioactive ligands. 5.4. In situ
hybridization studies. 5.5. Immunocytochemical studies. 6. Are tachykinins
mostly involved in 'volume' transmission? 7. Conclusion. 8. Abbreviations.
9. Acknowledgements. 10. References. VII. Brain kallikrein-kinin system:
from receptors to neuronal pathways and physiological functions. (R.
Couture, C.J. Lindsey). 1. Introduction. 2. The kallikrein-kinin system.
2.1. Kinin receptors. 2.2. Signal transduction pathways. 2.3. Metabolic
pathways. 3. Regional distribution of the kallikrein-kinin system in the
central nervous system. 3.1. Kinin precursors. (kininogens). 3.2. Kinin
synthesizing enzymes (kininogenases). 3.3. Active molecules (kinins). 3.4.
Kinin degrading enzymes (kininases). 3.5. Kinin receptors. 4. On the
physiological role for kinins in central cardiovascular regulation. 4.1.
Mechanisms subserving the cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.2.
Site of action for cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.3.
Receptors mediating the cardiovascular effects of kinin in the CNS. 4.4.
Endogenous kinins in central control of blood pressure. 5. On the
physiological role for kinins in the spinal cord. 6. Other central effects
of kinins. 7. Considerations and perspectives. 8. Conclusion. 9.
Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11. References. VIII. Calcitonin
gene-related peptide (CGRP), amylin and adrenomedullin: anatomical
localization and biological functions in the mammalian and human brains.
(D. Jacques, Y. Dumont, D. Van Rossum, R. Quirion.) 1. Discovery and
genomic composition. 2. Structure of CGRP and structure-activity
relationships. 3. Amylin. 4. Adrenomedullin. 5. Neuroanatomical
localization. 5.1. CGRP mRNA containing neurons. 5.2. CGRP-like
immunoreactivity in the brain. 5.4. Adrenomedullin-like immunoreactivity in
the brain. 5.5. Receptor distribution and characterization. 6. Biological
activities. 6.1. Fiber pathways containing CGRP. 6.2. CGRP-induced
behavioral changes. 6.3. CGRP and motoneurons: development and functions.
6.4. CGRP and sensory neurons. 6.5. CGRP effects in the cardiovascular
system. 6.6. CGRP effects in the gastrointestinal tract. 6.7. Central and
peripheral effects of amylin. 6.8. Central and peripheral effects of
adrenomedullin. 7. Conclusion and perspectives. 8. Abbreviations. 9.
Acknowledgements 10. References. IX. Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and
pancreatic polypeptide receptor proteins and mRNAs in mammalian brains.
(Y. Dumont, D. Acques, J.-A. St-Pierre, Y. Tong, R. Parker, H. Herzog, R.
Quirion). 1. Introduction. 2. Biological effects of NPY and related
peptides. 3. NPY, PYY and PP receptor subtypes. 3.1. The Y and Y receptor
subtypes. 3.2. The Y receptor subtype. 3.3. The Y receptor subtype. 3.4.
The Y receptor subtype. 3.5. The 'so-called' Y receptor subtype. 3.6. Other
NPY receptor subtypes? 4. Agonists and antagonists of the NPY family. 4.1.
Agonists. 4.2. Antagonists. 5. NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.1.
Characterization of NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.2. NPY receptor
mRNAs. 5.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in rat brain. 6. NPY
receptor subtypes in other species. 6.1. Distribution of NPY receptor
subtypes in the mouse brain. 6.2. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in
the guinea-pig brain. 6.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in the
marmoset monkey (Callitrix jacchus) brain. 6.4. Distribution of NPY
receptor subtypes in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) brain.
6.5. Distribution of NPY-like immunoreactivity and NPY receptor subtypes in
the human brain. 7. Interactions of NPY with various neuronal populations.
7.1. Rhinencephalic neurons. 7.2. Telencephalic neurons. 7.3. Diencephalic
neurons. 7.4. Metencephalic neurons. 7.5. Myencephalic neurons. 8.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of NPY and its receptors.
8.1. Feeding behavior. 8.2. Locomotion. 8.3. Learning behaviors and aging.
8.4. Seizure and epilepsy. 8.5. Thermoregulation, neuroendocrine regulation
and circadian rhythms. 8.6. Depression and anxiety. 8.7. Opioid withdrawal
and alcoholism. 8.8. Cardiorespiratory function. 8.9. Nociception. 8.10.
Non-neuronal effects of NPY-like peptides. 9. Conclusion. 10.
Abbreviations. 11. Acknowledgements. 12. References. X. Multiple brain
corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and binding protein. (E.B. De
Souza, D.E. Grigoriadis). 1. Introduction and historical perspectives. 2.
CRF family of peptides. 2.1. Amino acid sequence and structure of CRF. 2.2.
Amino acid sequence and structure of urocortin. 2.3. Organization of the
CRF gene and protein precursor. 2.4. Organization of the urocortin gene and
protein precursor. 3. Neuroanatomy of the CRF family of peptides. 3.1.
Distribution of CRF in the central nervous system. 3.2. Distribution of
urocortin in the central nervous system. 4. CRF receptors and binding
protein. 4.1. Molecular biology/receptor structure. 4.2. Pharmacological
characteristics. 4.3. Localization of ligand-binding domains of CRF
receptors: chimera and mutaional studies. 4.4. Localization and function of
CRF receptors and binding protein. 5. Summary and conclusions. 6.
Acknowledgements. 7. References. Subject Index.
I. Somatostatin receptors. (P. Dournaud, A. Slama, A. Beaudet, J.
Epelbaum). 1. Introduction. 2. Structural and biochemical properties. 3.
Localization of somatostatin binding sites in central nervous system. 4.
Localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes. 4.1. sst receptor. 4.2. sst
receptor. 4.3. sst receptor. 4.4. sst receptor. 4.5. sst receptor. 5.
Somatostatin receptors in brain disorders. 5.1. Brain tumors. 5.2.
Alzheimer's disease. 5.3. Epilepsy. 6. Perspectives. 7. Abbreviations. 8.
Acknowledgements. 9. References. II. Brain PACAP/VIP receptors: regional
distribution, functional properties and physiological relevance. (P.J.
Magistretti, L. Journot, J. Bockaert, J.-L. Martin). 1. Introduction. 1.1.
Biosynthesis of VIP and PACAP. 1.2. VIP and PACAP binding sites. 2.
Distribution of VIP and PACAP receptors. 2.1. Autoradiographic distribution
of VIP binding sites in rodent brain. 2.2. Distribution of PACAP binding
sites in rat brain. 2.3. Comparison between the distribution of VIP and
PACAP binding sites. 3. Molecular cloning and pharmacological
characterization of VIP/PACAP receptors. 3.1. VPAC1 and VPAC2: two genes,
two receptors. 3.2. PAC1: one gene, seven receptors (at least). 3.3.
Pharmacology. 3.4. Distribution of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in rat brain.
3.5. Distribution of PAC1 receptor mRNA. 4. Signal transduction. 4.1.
VPAC1, VPAC2: two receptors, one effector. 4.2. PAC1: seven receptors, two
effectors. 4.3. Agonist-directed PAC1 receptor trafficking of PLC
stimulation. 4.4. Additional PAC1 receptor signal transduction. 5. Trophic
actions of VIP and PACAP. 5.1. Neurotrophic actions elicited by VIP. 5.2.
Stimulation of early embryonic growth by VIP. 5.3. VIP protects against
excitotoxic cell death. 5.4. Neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties of
PACAP. 6. Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms and sleep. 6.1.
Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms. 6.2. VIP and PACAP are
involved in sleep regulation. 7. Regulation of brain energy metabolism by
VIP. 7.1. Regulation by VIP of genes controlling glycogen metabolism. 8.
Modulation by VIP and PACAP of glutamate-mediated signalling in the
cerebral cortex. 8.1. VIP and PACAP potentiate the glutamate-evoked release
of arachidonic acid. 8.2. VIP and PACAP potentiate the actions of glumate
on BDNF and c-fos expression. 9. Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11.
References. III. Localization of angiotensin receptors in the nervous
system. (A.M. Allen, B.J. Oldfield, M.E. Giles, G. Paxinos, M.J. McKinley,
F.A.O. Mendelsohn) 1. Introduction. 1.1. Renin-angiotensin system. 1.2.
Renin-angiotensin system in the brain. 1.3. Angiotensin receptors. 2.
Localization of AT and AT receptors. 2.1. Localization by autoradiography
or hybridization histochemistry. 2.2. Distribution of AT and AT receptors
in the rat brain. 2.3. Immunohistochemical detection of AT receptors. 2.4.
The distribution of AT and AT receptors in other species. 3. Overview of AT
receptor functions in selected brain regions. 3.1. The lamina terminalis.
3.2. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. 3.3. The dorsal vagal
complex. 3.4. The ventrolateral medulla. 4. Conclusion. 5. Abbreviations.
6. Acknowledgements. 7. References. IV. Brain endothelin and natriuretic
peptide receptors. (J.M. Saavedra, A.M. De Oliveira, O. Jöhren, L.
Tonelli.) 1. Why endothelin and natriuretic receptors? 2. Brain endothelin
receptors. 2.1. Endothelin. 2.2. Distribution of endothelins. 2.3.
Endothelin receptors. 2.4. Quantification of endothelin receptors and their
subtypes. 2.5. How many receptor subtypes. 2.6. Distribution of ET
receptors. 2.7. Functions of endothelin receptors in the brain. 3. Brain
natriuretic peptide receptors. 3.1. Natriuretic peptides. 3.2. Distribution
of natriuretic peptides in the brain. 3.3. Natriuretic peptide receptors.
3.4. Quantification of natriuretic peptide receptors and their subtypes.
3.5. How many receptor subtypes. 3.6. Distribution of natriuretic
receptors. 3.7. Comparative distribution of ANP immunoreactivity and ANP
receptors. 3.8. Signal transduction mechanisms. 3.9. Functions of
natriuretic peptide receptors in the brain. 3.10. Other effects in the CNS.
3.11. Interactions between natriuretic peptides, endothelin and angiotensin
II. 4. References. V. Neuropeptide FF receptors. (J.-M. Zajac, C.
Gouardères.) 1. Introduction. 2. Pharmacological activities of neuropeptide
FF. 3. Neuropeptide FF as a neurotransmitter. 3.1. Release of neuropeptide
FF. 3.2. Distribution of neuropeptide FF. 4. Neuropeptide FF receptors.
4.1. Methodological considerations. 4.2. Biochemical characterization of [
125I]1DMe on spinal cord sections. 4.3. Pharmacological specifity of [125
I]1DMe binding. 4.4. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors, autoradiographic
distribution. 5. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors in other species. 5.1.
Neuropeptide FF receptors in rodents. 5.2. Neuropeptide FF receptors in
lagomorphs. 5.3. Neuropeptide FF receptors in man. 6. Discussion. 7.
Abbreviations. 8. Acknowledgements. 9. References. VI. Neurokinin receptors
in the CNS. (A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, A.L. McLeod, J.E. Krause.) 1.
Introduction. 2. Discovery of the tachykinins. 3. Distribution of
tachykinin-like immunoreactivity. 4. Physiological functions of
tachykinins. 5. CNS neurokinin receptors. 5.1. Receptor types. 5.2. Methods
of study. 5.3. Studies with radioactive ligands. 5.4. In situ
hybridization studies. 5.5. Immunocytochemical studies. 6. Are tachykinins
mostly involved in 'volume' transmission? 7. Conclusion. 8. Abbreviations.
9. Acknowledgements. 10. References. VII. Brain kallikrein-kinin system:
from receptors to neuronal pathways and physiological functions. (R.
Couture, C.J. Lindsey). 1. Introduction. 2. The kallikrein-kinin system.
2.1. Kinin receptors. 2.2. Signal transduction pathways. 2.3. Metabolic
pathways. 3. Regional distribution of the kallikrein-kinin system in the
central nervous system. 3.1. Kinin precursors. (kininogens). 3.2. Kinin
synthesizing enzymes (kininogenases). 3.3. Active molecules (kinins). 3.4.
Kinin degrading enzymes (kininases). 3.5. Kinin receptors. 4. On the
physiological role for kinins in central cardiovascular regulation. 4.1.
Mechanisms subserving the cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.2.
Site of action for cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.3.
Receptors mediating the cardiovascular effects of kinin in the CNS. 4.4.
Endogenous kinins in central control of blood pressure. 5. On the
physiological role for kinins in the spinal cord. 6. Other central effects
of kinins. 7. Considerations and perspectives. 8. Conclusion. 9.
Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11. References. VIII. Calcitonin
gene-related peptide (CGRP), amylin and adrenomedullin: anatomical
localization and biological functions in the mammalian and human brains.
(D. Jacques, Y. Dumont, D. Van Rossum, R. Quirion.) 1. Discovery and
genomic composition. 2. Structure of CGRP and structure-activity
relationships. 3. Amylin. 4. Adrenomedullin. 5. Neuroanatomical
localization. 5.1. CGRP mRNA containing neurons. 5.2. CGRP-like
immunoreactivity in the brain. 5.4. Adrenomedullin-like immunoreactivity in
the brain. 5.5. Receptor distribution and characterization. 6. Biological
activities. 6.1. Fiber pathways containing CGRP. 6.2. CGRP-induced
behavioral changes. 6.3. CGRP and motoneurons: development and functions.
6.4. CGRP and sensory neurons. 6.5. CGRP effects in the cardiovascular
system. 6.6. CGRP effects in the gastrointestinal tract. 6.7. Central and
peripheral effects of amylin. 6.8. Central and peripheral effects of
adrenomedullin. 7. Conclusion and perspectives. 8. Abbreviations. 9.
Acknowledgements 10. References. IX. Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and
pancreatic polypeptide receptor proteins and mRNAs in mammalian brains.
(Y. Dumont, D. Acques, J.-A. St-Pierre, Y. Tong, R. Parker, H. Herzog, R.
Quirion). 1. Introduction. 2. Biological effects of NPY and related
peptides. 3. NPY, PYY and PP receptor subtypes. 3.1. The Y and Y receptor
subtypes. 3.2. The Y receptor subtype. 3.3. The Y receptor subtype. 3.4.
The Y receptor subtype. 3.5. The 'so-called' Y receptor subtype. 3.6. Other
NPY receptor subtypes? 4. Agonists and antagonists of the NPY family. 4.1.
Agonists. 4.2. Antagonists. 5. NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.1.
Characterization of NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.2. NPY receptor
mRNAs. 5.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in rat brain. 6. NPY
receptor subtypes in other species. 6.1. Distribution of NPY receptor
subtypes in the mouse brain. 6.2. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in
the guinea-pig brain. 6.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in the
marmoset monkey (Callitrix jacchus) brain. 6.4. Distribution of NPY
receptor subtypes in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) brain.
6.5. Distribution of NPY-like immunoreactivity and NPY receptor subtypes in
the human brain. 7. Interactions of NPY with various neuronal populations.
7.1. Rhinencephalic neurons. 7.2. Telencephalic neurons. 7.3. Diencephalic
neurons. 7.4. Metencephalic neurons. 7.5. Myencephalic neurons. 8.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of NPY and its receptors.
8.1. Feeding behavior. 8.2. Locomotion. 8.3. Learning behaviors and aging.
8.4. Seizure and epilepsy. 8.5. Thermoregulation, neuroendocrine regulation
and circadian rhythms. 8.6. Depression and anxiety. 8.7. Opioid withdrawal
and alcoholism. 8.8. Cardiorespiratory function. 8.9. Nociception. 8.10.
Non-neuronal effects of NPY-like peptides. 9. Conclusion. 10.
Abbreviations. 11. Acknowledgements. 12. References. X. Multiple brain
corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and binding protein. (E.B. De
Souza, D.E. Grigoriadis). 1. Introduction and historical perspectives. 2.
CRF family of peptides. 2.1. Amino acid sequence and structure of CRF. 2.2.
Amino acid sequence and structure of urocortin. 2.3. Organization of the
CRF gene and protein precursor. 2.4. Organization of the urocortin gene and
protein precursor. 3. Neuroanatomy of the CRF family of peptides. 3.1.
Distribution of CRF in the central nervous system. 3.2. Distribution of
urocortin in the central nervous system. 4. CRF receptors and binding
protein. 4.1. Molecular biology/receptor structure. 4.2. Pharmacological
characteristics. 4.3. Localization of ligand-binding domains of CRF
receptors: chimera and mutaional studies. 4.4. Localization and function of
CRF receptors and binding protein. 5. Summary and conclusions. 6.
Acknowledgements. 7. References. Subject Index.
Epelbaum). 1. Introduction. 2. Structural and biochemical properties. 3.
Localization of somatostatin binding sites in central nervous system. 4.
Localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes. 4.1. sst receptor. 4.2. sst
receptor. 4.3. sst receptor. 4.4. sst receptor. 4.5. sst receptor. 5.
Somatostatin receptors in brain disorders. 5.1. Brain tumors. 5.2.
Alzheimer's disease. 5.3. Epilepsy. 6. Perspectives. 7. Abbreviations. 8.
Acknowledgements. 9. References. II. Brain PACAP/VIP receptors: regional
distribution, functional properties and physiological relevance. (P.J.
Magistretti, L. Journot, J. Bockaert, J.-L. Martin). 1. Introduction. 1.1.
Biosynthesis of VIP and PACAP. 1.2. VIP and PACAP binding sites. 2.
Distribution of VIP and PACAP receptors. 2.1. Autoradiographic distribution
of VIP binding sites in rodent brain. 2.2. Distribution of PACAP binding
sites in rat brain. 2.3. Comparison between the distribution of VIP and
PACAP binding sites. 3. Molecular cloning and pharmacological
characterization of VIP/PACAP receptors. 3.1. VPAC1 and VPAC2: two genes,
two receptors. 3.2. PAC1: one gene, seven receptors (at least). 3.3.
Pharmacology. 3.4. Distribution of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in rat brain.
3.5. Distribution of PAC1 receptor mRNA. 4. Signal transduction. 4.1.
VPAC1, VPAC2: two receptors, one effector. 4.2. PAC1: seven receptors, two
effectors. 4.3. Agonist-directed PAC1 receptor trafficking of PLC
stimulation. 4.4. Additional PAC1 receptor signal transduction. 5. Trophic
actions of VIP and PACAP. 5.1. Neurotrophic actions elicited by VIP. 5.2.
Stimulation of early embryonic growth by VIP. 5.3. VIP protects against
excitotoxic cell death. 5.4. Neurotrophic and anti-apoptotic properties of
PACAP. 6. Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms and sleep. 6.1.
Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms. 6.2. VIP and PACAP are
involved in sleep regulation. 7. Regulation of brain energy metabolism by
VIP. 7.1. Regulation by VIP of genes controlling glycogen metabolism. 8.
Modulation by VIP and PACAP of glutamate-mediated signalling in the
cerebral cortex. 8.1. VIP and PACAP potentiate the glutamate-evoked release
of arachidonic acid. 8.2. VIP and PACAP potentiate the actions of glumate
on BDNF and c-fos expression. 9. Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11.
References. III. Localization of angiotensin receptors in the nervous
system. (A.M. Allen, B.J. Oldfield, M.E. Giles, G. Paxinos, M.J. McKinley,
F.A.O. Mendelsohn) 1. Introduction. 1.1. Renin-angiotensin system. 1.2.
Renin-angiotensin system in the brain. 1.3. Angiotensin receptors. 2.
Localization of AT and AT receptors. 2.1. Localization by autoradiography
or hybridization histochemistry. 2.2. Distribution of AT and AT receptors
in the rat brain. 2.3. Immunohistochemical detection of AT receptors. 2.4.
The distribution of AT and AT receptors in other species. 3. Overview of AT
receptor functions in selected brain regions. 3.1. The lamina terminalis.
3.2. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. 3.3. The dorsal vagal
complex. 3.4. The ventrolateral medulla. 4. Conclusion. 5. Abbreviations.
6. Acknowledgements. 7. References. IV. Brain endothelin and natriuretic
peptide receptors. (J.M. Saavedra, A.M. De Oliveira, O. Jöhren, L.
Tonelli.) 1. Why endothelin and natriuretic receptors? 2. Brain endothelin
receptors. 2.1. Endothelin. 2.2. Distribution of endothelins. 2.3.
Endothelin receptors. 2.4. Quantification of endothelin receptors and their
subtypes. 2.5. How many receptor subtypes. 2.6. Distribution of ET
receptors. 2.7. Functions of endothelin receptors in the brain. 3. Brain
natriuretic peptide receptors. 3.1. Natriuretic peptides. 3.2. Distribution
of natriuretic peptides in the brain. 3.3. Natriuretic peptide receptors.
3.4. Quantification of natriuretic peptide receptors and their subtypes.
3.5. How many receptor subtypes. 3.6. Distribution of natriuretic
receptors. 3.7. Comparative distribution of ANP immunoreactivity and ANP
receptors. 3.8. Signal transduction mechanisms. 3.9. Functions of
natriuretic peptide receptors in the brain. 3.10. Other effects in the CNS.
3.11. Interactions between natriuretic peptides, endothelin and angiotensin
II. 4. References. V. Neuropeptide FF receptors. (J.-M. Zajac, C.
Gouardères.) 1. Introduction. 2. Pharmacological activities of neuropeptide
FF. 3. Neuropeptide FF as a neurotransmitter. 3.1. Release of neuropeptide
FF. 3.2. Distribution of neuropeptide FF. 4. Neuropeptide FF receptors.
4.1. Methodological considerations. 4.2. Biochemical characterization of [
125I]1DMe on spinal cord sections. 4.3. Pharmacological specifity of [125
I]1DMe binding. 4.4. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors, autoradiographic
distribution. 5. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors in other species. 5.1.
Neuropeptide FF receptors in rodents. 5.2. Neuropeptide FF receptors in
lagomorphs. 5.3. Neuropeptide FF receptors in man. 6. Discussion. 7.
Abbreviations. 8. Acknowledgements. 9. References. VI. Neurokinin receptors
in the CNS. (A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, A.L. McLeod, J.E. Krause.) 1.
Introduction. 2. Discovery of the tachykinins. 3. Distribution of
tachykinin-like immunoreactivity. 4. Physiological functions of
tachykinins. 5. CNS neurokinin receptors. 5.1. Receptor types. 5.2. Methods
of study. 5.3. Studies with radioactive ligands. 5.4. In situ
hybridization studies. 5.5. Immunocytochemical studies. 6. Are tachykinins
mostly involved in 'volume' transmission? 7. Conclusion. 8. Abbreviations.
9. Acknowledgements. 10. References. VII. Brain kallikrein-kinin system:
from receptors to neuronal pathways and physiological functions. (R.
Couture, C.J. Lindsey). 1. Introduction. 2. The kallikrein-kinin system.
2.1. Kinin receptors. 2.2. Signal transduction pathways. 2.3. Metabolic
pathways. 3. Regional distribution of the kallikrein-kinin system in the
central nervous system. 3.1. Kinin precursors. (kininogens). 3.2. Kinin
synthesizing enzymes (kininogenases). 3.3. Active molecules (kinins). 3.4.
Kinin degrading enzymes (kininases). 3.5. Kinin receptors. 4. On the
physiological role for kinins in central cardiovascular regulation. 4.1.
Mechanisms subserving the cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.2.
Site of action for cardiovascular effects of kinins in the CNS. 4.3.
Receptors mediating the cardiovascular effects of kinin in the CNS. 4.4.
Endogenous kinins in central control of blood pressure. 5. On the
physiological role for kinins in the spinal cord. 6. Other central effects
of kinins. 7. Considerations and perspectives. 8. Conclusion. 9.
Abbreviations. 10. Acknowledgements. 11. References. VIII. Calcitonin
gene-related peptide (CGRP), amylin and adrenomedullin: anatomical
localization and biological functions in the mammalian and human brains.
(D. Jacques, Y. Dumont, D. Van Rossum, R. Quirion.) 1. Discovery and
genomic composition. 2. Structure of CGRP and structure-activity
relationships. 3. Amylin. 4. Adrenomedullin. 5. Neuroanatomical
localization. 5.1. CGRP mRNA containing neurons. 5.2. CGRP-like
immunoreactivity in the brain. 5.4. Adrenomedullin-like immunoreactivity in
the brain. 5.5. Receptor distribution and characterization. 6. Biological
activities. 6.1. Fiber pathways containing CGRP. 6.2. CGRP-induced
behavioral changes. 6.3. CGRP and motoneurons: development and functions.
6.4. CGRP and sensory neurons. 6.5. CGRP effects in the cardiovascular
system. 6.6. CGRP effects in the gastrointestinal tract. 6.7. Central and
peripheral effects of amylin. 6.8. Central and peripheral effects of
adrenomedullin. 7. Conclusion and perspectives. 8. Abbreviations. 9.
Acknowledgements 10. References. IX. Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and
pancreatic polypeptide receptor proteins and mRNAs in mammalian brains.
(Y. Dumont, D. Acques, J.-A. St-Pierre, Y. Tong, R. Parker, H. Herzog, R.
Quirion). 1. Introduction. 2. Biological effects of NPY and related
peptides. 3. NPY, PYY and PP receptor subtypes. 3.1. The Y and Y receptor
subtypes. 3.2. The Y receptor subtype. 3.3. The Y receptor subtype. 3.4.
The Y receptor subtype. 3.5. The 'so-called' Y receptor subtype. 3.6. Other
NPY receptor subtypes? 4. Agonists and antagonists of the NPY family. 4.1.
Agonists. 4.2. Antagonists. 5. NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.1.
Characterization of NPY receptors in the rat brain. 5.2. NPY receptor
mRNAs. 5.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in rat brain. 6. NPY
receptor subtypes in other species. 6.1. Distribution of NPY receptor
subtypes in the mouse brain. 6.2. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in
the guinea-pig brain. 6.3. Distribution of NPY receptor subtypes in the
marmoset monkey (Callitrix jacchus) brain. 6.4. Distribution of NPY
receptor subtypes in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) brain.
6.5. Distribution of NPY-like immunoreactivity and NPY receptor subtypes in
the human brain. 7. Interactions of NPY with various neuronal populations.
7.1. Rhinencephalic neurons. 7.2. Telencephalic neurons. 7.3. Diencephalic
neurons. 7.4. Metencephalic neurons. 7.5. Myencephalic neurons. 8.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of NPY and its receptors.
8.1. Feeding behavior. 8.2. Locomotion. 8.3. Learning behaviors and aging.
8.4. Seizure and epilepsy. 8.5. Thermoregulation, neuroendocrine regulation
and circadian rhythms. 8.6. Depression and anxiety. 8.7. Opioid withdrawal
and alcoholism. 8.8. Cardiorespiratory function. 8.9. Nociception. 8.10.
Non-neuronal effects of NPY-like peptides. 9. Conclusion. 10.
Abbreviations. 11. Acknowledgements. 12. References. X. Multiple brain
corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and binding protein. (E.B. De
Souza, D.E. Grigoriadis). 1. Introduction and historical perspectives. 2.
CRF family of peptides. 2.1. Amino acid sequence and structure of CRF. 2.2.
Amino acid sequence and structure of urocortin. 2.3. Organization of the
CRF gene and protein precursor. 2.4. Organization of the urocortin gene and
protein precursor. 3. Neuroanatomy of the CRF family of peptides. 3.1.
Distribution of CRF in the central nervous system. 3.2. Distribution of
urocortin in the central nervous system. 4. CRF receptors and binding
protein. 4.1. Molecular biology/receptor structure. 4.2. Pharmacological
characteristics. 4.3. Localization of ligand-binding domains of CRF
receptors: chimera and mutaional studies. 4.4. Localization and function of
CRF receptors and binding protein. 5. Summary and conclusions. 6.
Acknowledgements. 7. References. Subject Index.