Presents an overview on the different aspects of the energy value chain and discusses the issues that future energy is facing This book covers energy and the energy policy choices which face society. The book presents easy-to-grasp information and analysis, and includes statistical data for energy production, consumption and simple formulas. Among the aspects considered are: science, technology, economics and the impact on health and the environment. In this new edition two new chapters have been added: The first new chapter deals with unconventional fossil fuels, a resource which has…mehr
Presents an overview on the different aspects of the energy value chain and discusses the issues that future energy is facing
This book covers energy and the energy policy choices which face society. The book presents easy-to-grasp information and analysis, and includes statistical data for energy production, consumption and simple formulas. Among the aspects considered are: science, technology, economics and the impact on health and the environment. In this new edition two new chapters have been added: The first new chapter deals with unconventional fossil fuels, a resource which has become very important from the economical point of view, especially in the United States. The second new chapter presents the applications of nanotechnology in the energy domain. _ Provides a global vision of available and potential energy sources _ Discusses advantages and drawbacks to help prepare current and future generations to use energy differently _ Includes new chapters covering unconventional fossil fuels and nanotechnology as new energy Our Energy Future: Resources, Alternatives and the Environment, Second Edition, is written for professionals, students, teachers, decision-makers and politicians involved in the energy domain and interested in environmental issues.
Christian Ngô, ScD, was formerly executive general manager of ECRIN (Échange et Coordination Recherche-Industrie) and scientific director of the Atomic Energy's High Commissioner Office. In 2008, he founded Edmonium Conseil, a consulting company. He has worked in fundamental research for twenty years, and has published approximately 200 papers. Dr. Ngô is the author of ten books in French and has been involved as an energy expert in several studies of the OPECST (Parliamentary Office for Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Options), a common committee of the French Parliament and Senate. Joseph B. Natowitz, PhD, is currently University Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Texas A&M University (TAMU). Previously at TAMU, he served as head of the Department of Chemistry and Director of the Cyclotron Institute and held the Bright Chair in Nuclear Science. Among his awards and honors are the American Chemical Society Award in Nuclear Chemistry, the ACS Southwest Regional Award, and the Association of Former Students Research Award at TAMU. Professor Natowitz has served and continues to serve on the program advisory and/or review committees of many national and international research facilities as well as on Advisory Committees for a number of international conferences. Professor Natowitz has published more than 300 research papers.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface to the Second Edition xiii
Preface to the First Edition xv
1. We Need Energy 1
1.1. Generalities 1
1.1.1. Primary and Secondary Energy 1
1.1.2. Energy Units 3
1.1.3. Power 5
1.1.4. Energy and First Law of Thermodynamics 5
1.1.5. Entropy and Second Law of Thermodynamics 6
1.1.6. Exergy 7
1.1.7. Going Back to the Past 7
1.1.8. Humans and Energy 8
1.2. Always More! 9
1.2.1. Why do we Need More Energy? 10
1.2.2. Energy Sources we Use 13
1.2.3. Security of Supply 18
1.2.4. Environmental Concerns 24
2. Oil and Natural Gas 26
2.1. Genesis of Oil and Natural Gas 27
2.2. Recovering Oil and Gas 30
2.3. Peak Oil 32
2.4. Reserves 34
2.4.1. Crude Oil Reserves 35
2.4.2. Natural Gas Reserves 36
2.5. Properties of Hydrocarbons 38
2.6. Oil Fields 40
2.7. Prices 41
2.8. Consumption 44
2.9. Electricity Generation 46
2.10. Impact on Environment 49
2.11. Conclusion 52
3. Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources 53
3.1. Hydrocarbon Formation 53
3.2. Offshore Hydrocarbons 55
3.3. Unconventional Hydrocarbons 58
3.4. Unconventional Oils 59
3.4.1. Unconventional Oils Contained in Reservoirs 59
3.4.2. Unconventional Oils Contained in Source Rock 60
3.5. Unconventional Gases 61
3.5.1. Unconventional Gases Contained in Reservoirs 61
3.5.2. Unconventional Gases Contained in Source Rocks 62
3.6. Methane Hydrates 69
3.7. Conclusion 70
4. Coal: Fossil Fuel of the Future 71
4.1. Genesis of Coal 72
4.2. Rank of Coals 73
4.3. Classification of Coals 73
4.4. Peat 76
4.5. Use of Coal 78
4.6. Coal Reserves 78
4.7. Production and Consumption 82
4.8. Electricity Production 86
4.9. Coal Combustion for Power Generation 87
4.9.1. Advanced Pulverized Coal Combustion 88
4.9.2. Fluidized?]Bed Combustion at Atmospheric Pressure 88
4.9.3. Pressurized Fluidized?]Bed Combustion 88
4.10. Combined Heat and Power Generation 88
4.11. Integrated Gasification Combined-Cycle Power Plants 89
4.12. Coal?]to?]Liquid Technologies 90
4.13. Direct Coal Liquefaction 90
4.14. Indirect Coal Liquefaction 91
4.15. Direct or Indirect CTL Technology? 92
4.16. Carbon Capture and Sequestration 93
4.16.1. Capture 93
4.16.2. Transport 97
4.16.3. Sequestration 97
4.16.4. Cost 100
4.17. Coal Pit Accidents 100
4.18. Environmental Impacts 101
4.19. Conclusion 102
5. Fossil Fuels and Greenhouse Effect 103
5.1. Greenhouse Effect 104
5.2. Greenhouse Gases 107
5.3. Weather and Climate 111
5.4. Natural Change of Climate 112
5.5. Anthropogenic Emissions 112
5.6. Water and Aerosols 115
5.7. Global Warming Potentials 116
5.8. Increase of Average Temperature 117
5.9. Model Predictions 118
5.10. Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 119
5.11. Consequences 126
5.12. Other Impacts on Ocean 126
5.13. Factor 4 128
5.14. Kyoto Protocol 129
5.15. Conclusion 131
6. Energy from Water 133
6.1. Hydropower 133
6.1.1. Hydropower: Important Source of Electricity 134
