The unraveling of the biology and disease mechanisms of the parathyroid has taken great strides in the recent few years. Parathyroid molecular biology is the first book to describe recent studies and discoveries in the field in detail. Key topics addressed include:The study of the molecular biology of the parathyroid hormone gene and its regulation by calcium, phosphate, and vitamin DThe generation of mice with genetic deletions of the parathyroid, as well as mice which fail to develop the parathyroid glandThe parathyroid s connection to the calcium receptor and its effects, such as regulation…mehr
The unraveling of the biology and disease mechanisms of the parathyroid has taken great strides in the recent few years. Parathyroid molecular biology is the first book to describe recent studies and discoveries in the field in detail. Key topics addressed include:The study of the molecular biology of the parathyroid hormone gene and its regulation by calcium, phosphate, and vitamin DThe generation of mice with genetic deletions of the parathyroid, as well as mice which fail to develop the parathyroid glandThe parathyroid s connection to the calcium receptor and its effects, such as regulation of PTH secretion, gene expression, and proliferationThe genetic mutations leading to diseases of decreased or excessive activity of the parathyroidThe mechanisms of actions associated with patients with chronic renal failure and the development of markedly excessive activity of the parathyroid that causes severe bone diseaseThis book will be essential reading to everyone interested in the latest developments in this burgeoning field.
Tally Naveh-Many, Hadassah Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Inhaltsangabe
Preface 1. Development of Parathyroid Glands - Thomas Günther and Gerard Karsenty Physiology of the Parathyroid Glands Development of Parathyroid Glands in Vertebrates Genetic Control of Parathyroid Gland Development 2. Parathyroid Hormone, from Gene to Protein - Osnat Bell, Justin Silver and Tally Naveh-Many The Prepro PTH Peptide Homology of the Mature PTH The PTH mRNA Cloning of the PTH cDNAs Homology of the cDNA Sequences Structure of the PTH mRNA The PTH Gene The 5 Flanking Region The 3' Flanking Region Chromosomal Location of the Human PTH Gene 3. Toward an Understanding of Human Parathyroid Hormone Structure and Function - Lei Jin, Armen H. Tashjian, Jr., and Faming Zhang PTH and Its Receptor Family PTH Structural Determination Structural Based Design of PTH Analogs 4. The Calcium Sensing Receptor - Shozo Yano and Edward M. Brown Biochemical Characteristics of the CaR Disorders Presenting with Abnormalities in Calcium Metabolism and in the CaR Signaling Pathways of the CaR Drugs Acting on the CaR 5. Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone mRNA Stability by Calcium and Phosphate - Rachel Kilav, Justin Silver and Tally Naveh-Many Regulation of the Parathyroid Gland by Calcium and Phosphate Protein Binding and PTH mRNA Stability Identification of the PTH mRNA 3 -UTR Binding Proteins and Their Function Identification of the Minimal cis Acting Protein Binding Element in the PTH mRNA 3 -UTR The Structure of the PTH cis Acting Element 6. In Silico Analysis of Regulatory Sequences in the Human Parathyroid Hormone Gene - Alexander Kel, Maurice Scheer and Hubert Mayer Global Homology of PTH Gene between Human and Mouse Computer Assisted Search for Potential Cis-Regulatory Elements in PTH Gene Phylogenetic Footprint: Identification of TF Binding Sites by Comparison of Regulatory Regions of PTH Gene of Different Organisms Discussion 7. Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Gene Expression by 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D - Tally Naveh-Many and Justin Silver Transcriptional Regulation of the PTH Gene by 1,25(OH)2D3 Calreticulin and the Action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the PTH Gene PTH Degradation Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Parathyroid Cell Proliferation 8. Vitamin D Analogs for the Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroism in Chronic Renal Failure - Alex J. Brown Pathogenesis of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Renal Failure Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Mechanisms for the Selectivity of Vitamin D Analogs Future Perspectives 9. Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia in Renal Failure - Adriana S. Dusso, Mario Cozzolino and Eduardo Slatopolsky Parathyroid Tissue Growth in Normal Conditions and in Renal Failure Dietary Phosphate Regulation of Parathyroid Cell Growth in Uremia Vitamin D Regulation of Uremia- and High Phosphate-Induced Parathyroid Cell Growth Calcium Regulation of Uremia-Induced Parathyroid Growth 10. Molecular Mechanisms in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis - Eitan Friedman Oncogenes Involved in Parathyroid Tumor Development Tumor Suppressor Genes Involved in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis Other Molecular Pathways Involved in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis 11. Molecular Genetic Abnormalities in Sporadic Hyperparathyroidism - Trisha M. Shattuck, Sanjay M. Mallya and Andrew Arnold Implications of the Monoclonality of Parathyroid Tumors Molecular Genetics of Parathyroid Adenomas Molecular Genetics of Parathyroid Carcinoma Molecular Genetics of Secondary and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism 12. Genetic Causes of Hypoparathyroidism - Rachel I. Gafni and Michael A. Levine Disorders of Parathyroid Gland Formation Disorders of Parathyroid Hormone Synthesis or Secretion Parathyroid Gland Destruction Resistance to Parathyroid Hormone 13. Skeletal and Reproductive Abnormalities in Pth-Null Mice - Dengshun Miao, Bin He, Beate Lanske, Xiu-Ying Bai, Xin-Kang Tong, Geoffrey N. Hendy, David Goltzman and Andrew C. K
Preface 1. Development of Parathyroid Glands - Thomas Günther and Gerard Karsenty Physiology of the Parathyroid Glands Development of Parathyroid Glands in Vertebrates Genetic Control of Parathyroid Gland Development 2. Parathyroid Hormone, from Gene to Protein - Osnat Bell, Justin Silver and Tally Naveh-Many The Prepro PTH Peptide Homology of the Mature PTH The PTH mRNA Cloning of the PTH cDNAs Homology of the cDNA Sequences Structure of the PTH mRNA The PTH Gene The 5 Flanking Region The 3' Flanking Region Chromosomal Location of the Human PTH Gene 3. Toward an Understanding of Human Parathyroid Hormone Structure and Function - Lei Jin, Armen H. Tashjian, Jr., and Faming Zhang PTH and Its Receptor Family PTH Structural Determination Structural Based Design of PTH Analogs 4. The Calcium Sensing Receptor - Shozo Yano and Edward M. Brown Biochemical Characteristics of the CaR Disorders Presenting with Abnormalities in Calcium Metabolism and in the CaR Signaling Pathways of the CaR Drugs Acting on the CaR 5. Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone mRNA Stability by Calcium and Phosphate - Rachel Kilav, Justin Silver and Tally Naveh-Many Regulation of the Parathyroid Gland by Calcium and Phosphate Protein Binding and PTH mRNA Stability Identification of the PTH mRNA 3 -UTR Binding Proteins and Their Function Identification of the Minimal cis Acting Protein Binding Element in the PTH mRNA 3 -UTR The Structure of the PTH cis Acting Element 6. In Silico Analysis of Regulatory Sequences in the Human Parathyroid Hormone Gene - Alexander Kel, Maurice Scheer and Hubert Mayer Global Homology of PTH Gene between Human and Mouse Computer Assisted Search for Potential Cis-Regulatory Elements in PTH Gene Phylogenetic Footprint: Identification of TF Binding Sites by Comparison of Regulatory Regions of PTH Gene of Different Organisms Discussion 7. Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Gene Expression by 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D - Tally Naveh-Many and Justin Silver Transcriptional Regulation of the PTH Gene by 1,25(OH)2D3 Calreticulin and the Action of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the PTH Gene PTH Degradation Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Parathyroid Cell Proliferation 8. Vitamin D Analogs for the Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroism in Chronic Renal Failure - Alex J. Brown Pathogenesis of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Renal Failure Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Mechanisms for the Selectivity of Vitamin D Analogs Future Perspectives 9. Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia in Renal Failure - Adriana S. Dusso, Mario Cozzolino and Eduardo Slatopolsky Parathyroid Tissue Growth in Normal Conditions and in Renal Failure Dietary Phosphate Regulation of Parathyroid Cell Growth in Uremia Vitamin D Regulation of Uremia- and High Phosphate-Induced Parathyroid Cell Growth Calcium Regulation of Uremia-Induced Parathyroid Growth 10. Molecular Mechanisms in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis - Eitan Friedman Oncogenes Involved in Parathyroid Tumor Development Tumor Suppressor Genes Involved in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis Other Molecular Pathways Involved in Parathyroid Tumorigenesis 11. Molecular Genetic Abnormalities in Sporadic Hyperparathyroidism - Trisha M. Shattuck, Sanjay M. Mallya and Andrew Arnold Implications of the Monoclonality of Parathyroid Tumors Molecular Genetics of Parathyroid Adenomas Molecular Genetics of Parathyroid Carcinoma Molecular Genetics of Secondary and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism 12. Genetic Causes of Hypoparathyroidism - Rachel I. Gafni and Michael A. Levine Disorders of Parathyroid Gland Formation Disorders of Parathyroid Hormone Synthesis or Secretion Parathyroid Gland Destruction Resistance to Parathyroid Hormone 13. Skeletal and Reproductive Abnormalities in Pth-Null Mice - Dengshun Miao, Bin He, Beate Lanske, Xiu-Ying Bai, Xin-Kang Tong, Geoffrey N. Hendy, David Goltzman and Andrew C. K
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