Modern Slavery: A Reference Handbook provides a thorough treatment of the evolving scope, nature, and contexts of modern slavery and a discussion of prevention and abolition efforts in an accessible format for high school and college readers. Modern Slavery: A Reference Handbook addresses essential questions about slavery in its contemporary manifestations. The book examines the growing epidemic and recent contexts of modern slavery in the United States and throughout the world, and describes in detail what caused it, whom it impacts, and what can be (and is being) done about it. It also…mehr
Modern Slavery: A Reference Handbook provides a thorough treatment of the evolving scope, nature, and contexts of modern slavery and a discussion of prevention and abolition efforts in an accessible format for high school and college readers. Modern Slavery: A Reference Handbook addresses essential questions about slavery in its contemporary manifestations. The book examines the growing epidemic and recent contexts of modern slavery in the United States and throughout the world, and describes in detail what caused it, whom it impacts, and what can be (and is being) done about it. It also explores the various contributing factors and how governmental and nongovernmental agencies can better engage in prevention and eradication. The volume opens with chapters providing information on contemporary slavery, followed by a discussion of the causes, consequences, and possible solutions. The next chapter includes essays from a diverse range of contributors, providing useful perspectives to round out the author's expertise. The book concludes with a collection of data and documents; an overview of important people, organizations, and resources relating to the issue; a chronology; and a glossary of key terms.
Christina G. Villegas, PhD, is Associate Professor of Political Science at California State University, San Bernardino, USA.
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Preface Acknowledgments 1 Background and History Introduction Defining Modern Slavery Forced Labor Forced and Sham Marriages Key Moments Where Does Slavery Exist and Who Is Affected? Geographic Contexts Gender Contributing Factors Incompetent and Corrupt Systems of Public Justice Repressive Government War and Conflict Poverty and Discriminatory Social Hierarchies Migration Social Isolation and Homelessness Global Supply Chains Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Introduction Quantifying and Identifying Victims Barriers to Identification Identifying the Hidden Victims of Modern Slavery Competing Legal Approaches to Prostitution Enhancing Criminal Accountability Need for Renewed Attention on Developing Effective Public Justice Systems Common Challenges Usefulness of Task Forces and Partnerships Reducing Slavery in Supply Chains Voluntary Corporate Action Regulatory Mechanisms Reforming Labor Recruitment Practices Government Responsibility Empowering the Poor Rehabilitating Survivors The Role of U.S. Leadership Combating Slavery Locally Conclusion References 3 Perspectives Introduction The Slavery Question in the Age of Moral Relativism: An American Perspective from the Lincoln-Douglas Debates Joseph W. Bergee A Single Medicine for Two Diseases? State Capacity as the Bulwark against Terrorism and Human Trafficking Steven Childs Modern Slavery and Open Borders Kevork Kazanjian Child Labor Trafficking in the United States: A Hidden Form of Modern Slavery Vicki Alger Prostitution: Upholding Women's Rights as Human Rights with the Equality Model Autumn Burris The Role of the Church in Fighting Modern Slavery Peter C. Hodgson Ending Child Sex Trafficking through Prevention Carl Ralston 4 Profiles Introduction A21 American Anti-Slavery Group Anti-Slavery International California Against Slavery Christian Solidarity International CNN Freedom Project Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking DeliverFund ECPAT End It The Exodus Road The Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives Free the Slaves Freedom United Girls Not Brides Global Centurion Human Trafficking Institute Human Trafficking Legal Center International Cocoa Initiative International Justice Mission International Labour Organization International Organization for Migration KnowTheChain Korea Future Initiative La Strada International Liberty Shared Made in a Free World Not for Sale Campaign Operation Underground Railroad Polaris Project Remember Nhu Shared Hope International Thomas Reuters Foundation Transparentem U.S. State Department Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons Walk Free Foundation 5 Data and Documents Introduction Data Figure 5.1 Regional Prevalence of Modern Slavery Figure 5.2 Forced Labor Figure 5.3 Forced Labor and Migration Figure 5.4 Sex Distribution of Victims of Forced Labor Exploitation by Sector of Economic Activity Figure 5.5 Percentage Distribution of Means of Coercion by Sex Documents The International Slavery Convention (1926) (Excerpts) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) (Excerpts) United Nations Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery the Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (1956) ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor (1999) (Excerpts) Trafficking Victims Protection Act (2000) (Selections) Protocol to Prevent Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (November 2000) George W. Bush's Speech to the UN General Assembly (2003) (Selection) Testimony of Gary Haugen to the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (2015) "The National Nature of Human Trafficking: Strengthening Government Responses and Dispelling Misperceptions " U.S. State Department Trafficking in Persons Report (June 2019) 6 Resources Books Articles and Reports Nonprint Resources 7 Chronology Glossary Index
Preface Acknowledgments 1 Background and History Introduction Defining Modern Slavery Forced Labor Forced and Sham Marriages Key Moments Where Does Slavery Exist and Who Is Affected? Geographic Contexts Gender Contributing Factors Incompetent and Corrupt Systems of Public Justice Repressive Government War and Conflict Poverty and Discriminatory Social Hierarchies Migration Social Isolation and Homelessness Global Supply Chains Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Introduction Quantifying and Identifying Victims Barriers to Identification Identifying the Hidden Victims of Modern Slavery Competing Legal Approaches to Prostitution Enhancing Criminal Accountability Need for Renewed Attention on Developing Effective Public Justice Systems Common Challenges Usefulness of Task Forces and Partnerships Reducing Slavery in Supply Chains Voluntary Corporate Action Regulatory Mechanisms Reforming Labor Recruitment Practices Government Responsibility Empowering the Poor Rehabilitating Survivors The Role of U.S. Leadership Combating Slavery Locally Conclusion References 3 Perspectives Introduction The Slavery Question in the Age of Moral Relativism: An American Perspective from the Lincoln-Douglas Debates Joseph W. Bergee A Single Medicine for Two Diseases? State Capacity as the Bulwark against Terrorism and Human Trafficking Steven Childs Modern Slavery and Open Borders Kevork Kazanjian Child Labor Trafficking in the United States: A Hidden Form of Modern Slavery Vicki Alger Prostitution: Upholding Women's Rights as Human Rights with the Equality Model Autumn Burris The Role of the Church in Fighting Modern Slavery Peter C. Hodgson Ending Child Sex Trafficking through Prevention Carl Ralston 4 Profiles Introduction A21 American Anti-Slavery Group Anti-Slavery International California Against Slavery Christian Solidarity International CNN Freedom Project Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking DeliverFund ECPAT End It The Exodus Road The Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives Free the Slaves Freedom United Girls Not Brides Global Centurion Human Trafficking Institute Human Trafficking Legal Center International Cocoa Initiative International Justice Mission International Labour Organization International Organization for Migration KnowTheChain Korea Future Initiative La Strada International Liberty Shared Made in a Free World Not for Sale Campaign Operation Underground Railroad Polaris Project Remember Nhu Shared Hope International Thomas Reuters Foundation Transparentem U.S. State Department Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons Walk Free Foundation 5 Data and Documents Introduction Data Figure 5.1 Regional Prevalence of Modern Slavery Figure 5.2 Forced Labor Figure 5.3 Forced Labor and Migration Figure 5.4 Sex Distribution of Victims of Forced Labor Exploitation by Sector of Economic Activity Figure 5.5 Percentage Distribution of Means of Coercion by Sex Documents The International Slavery Convention (1926) (Excerpts) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) (Excerpts) United Nations Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery the Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (1956) ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor (1999) (Excerpts) Trafficking Victims Protection Act (2000) (Selections) Protocol to Prevent Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (November 2000) George W. Bush's Speech to the UN General Assembly (2003) (Selection) Testimony of Gary Haugen to the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (2015) "The National Nature of Human Trafficking: Strengthening Government Responses and Dispelling Misperceptions " U.S. State Department Trafficking in Persons Report (June 2019) 6 Resources Books Articles and Reports Nonprint Resources 7 Chronology Glossary Index
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