Lars E. Eriksson, Lars Nielsen

Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Control systems have come to play an important role in the performance of modern vehicles with regards to meeting goals on low emissions and low fuel consumption. To achieve these goals, modeling, simulation, and analysis have become standard tools for the development of control systems in the automotive industry.

Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines provides an up-to-date treatment of the topic from a clear perspective of systems engineering and control systems, which are at the core of vehicle design.

This book has three main goals. The first is to provide a thorough understanding of component models as building blocks. It has therefore been important to provide measurements from real processes, to explain the underlying physics, to describe the modeling considerations, and to validate the resulting models experimentally. Second, the authors show how the models are used in the current design of control and diagnosis systems. These system designs are never used in isolation, so the third goal is to provide a complete setting for system integration and evaluation, including complete vehicle models together with actual requirements and driving cycle analysis.

Key features:

Covers signals, systems, and control in modern vehicles
Covers the basic dynamics of internal combustion engines and drivelines
Provides a set of standard models and includes examples and case studies
Covers turbo- and super-charging, and automotive dependability and diagnosis
Accompanied by a web site hosting example models and problems and solutions
Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines is a comprehensive reference for graduate students and the authors' close collaboration with the automotive industry ensures that the knowledge and skills that practicing engineers need when analysing and developing new powertrain systems are also covered.

Produktdetails

• Automotive Series
• Verlag: Wiley & Sons
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 588
• Erscheinungstermin: 7. April 2014
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 250mm x 175mm x 36mm
• Gewicht: 1025g
• ISBN-13: 9781118479995
• ISBN-10: 1118479998
• Artikelnr.: 39367408

Autorenporträt

Lars Eriksson is an Associate Professor of Vehicular Systems at Linköping University with main responsibility for the engine control laboratory. Since 1994, he has been working as a researcher in the field of modeling and control of engines and drivelines with research that is performed in close collaboration with industry. This provides good contact with practicing engineers and who are then able to offer their input when new research results are integrated into course curriculums. As a teacher he has developed and taught several courses on this subject, both at the university and for industry. At Linköping University he is responsible for the course "Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines" which has been given on the subject since 1998 and he is also a regular lecturer for the module "Basics of SI engine control" on the Powertrain Engineering Programme at IFP School in Paris. Since 1992, Lars Nielsen has been a Professor of Vehicular Systems holding the Sten Gustafsson chair at Linköping University. His main research interests are in automotive modeling, control, and diagnosis, and he has been active in all aspects of this field during its expansion and growth since the nineties. His supervision has led to thirty graduate exams, in many cases with significant industrial participation. The collaboration aspect has also been strong in his role as center director for two large centers of excellence (ECSEL 1996-2002, LINK-SIC 2010- ). In the international research community, he was the Chairman of Automotive Control within the International Federation of Automatic Control (2002-2005), and then the Chairman of all Transportation and Vehicle Systems (2005-2011). Selected national commissions of trust are Board Member of the Swedish Research Council-NT (2001-2006), and vice chair in IVA II - the electrical engineering division of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering (2010-).

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xvii Series Preface xix Part I VEHICLE - PROPULSION FUNDAMENTALS 1
Introduction 3 1.1 Trends 4 1.2 Vehicle Propulsion 8 1.3 Organization of
the Book 11 2 Vehicle 15 2.1 Vehicle Propulsion Dynamics 15 2.2 Driving
Resistance 16 2.3 Driving Resistance Models 28 2.4 Driver Behavior and Road
Modeling 32 2.5 Mission Simulation 34 2.6 Vehicle
Characterization/Characteristics 34 2.7 Fuel Consumption 36 2.8 Emission
Regulations 39 3 Powertrain 45 3.1 Powertrain Architectures 45 3.2 Vehicle
Propulsion Control 50 3.3 Torque-Based Powertrain Control 52 3.4 Hybrid
Powertrains 58 3.5 Outlook and Simulation 60 Part II ENGINE - FUNDAMENTALS
4 Engine - Introduction 69 4.1 Air, Fuel, and Air/Fuel Ratio 69 4.2 Engine
Geometry 73 4.3 Engine Performance 74 4.4 Downsizing and Turbocharging 77 5
Thermodynamics and Working Cycles 81 5.1 The Four-Stroke Cycle 81 5.2
Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis 85 5.3 Efficiency of Ideal Cycles 98 5.4
Models for In-Cylinder Processes 105 6 Combustion and Emissions 119 6.1
Mixture Preparation and Combustion 119 6.2 SI Engine Combustion 121 6.3 CI
Engine Combustion 126 6.4 Engine Emissions 128 6.5 Exhaust Gas Treatment
137 Part III ENGINE - MODELING AND CONTROL 7 Mean Value Engine Modeling 145
7.1 Engine Sensors and Actuators 146 7.2 Flow Restriction Models 149 7.3
Throttle Flow Modeling 156 7.4 Mass Flow Into the Cylinders 159 7.5 Volumes
162 7.6 Example - Intake Manifold 166 7.7 Fuel Path and (A/F) Ratio 168 7.8
In-Cylinder Pressure and Instantaneous Torque 180 7.9 Mean Value Model for
Engine Torque 186 7.10 Engine-Out Temperature 193 7.11 Heat Transfer and
Exhaust Temperatures 196 7.12 Heat Exchangers and Intercoolers 203 7.13
Throttle Plate Motion 206 8 Turbocharging Basics and Models 211 8.1
Supercharging and Turbocharging Basics 211 8.2 Turbocharging Basic
Principles and Performance 214 8.3 Dimensional Analysis 220 8.4 Compressor
and Turbine Performance Maps 223 8.5 Turbocharger Models and
Parametrizations 232 8.6 Compressor Operation and Modeling 232 8.7 Turbine
Operation and Modeling 249 8.8 Transient Response and Turbo Lag 254 8.9
Example - Turbocharged SI Engine 255 8.10 Example - Turbocharged Diesel
Engine 257 9 Engine Management Systems - An Introduction 263 9.1 Engine
Management System (EMS) 263 9.2 Basic Functionality and Software Structure
266 9.3 Calibration and Parameter Representation 267 10 Basic Control of SI
Engines 271 10.1 Three Basic SI Engine Controllers 272 10.2 Throttle Servo
279 10.3 Fuel Management and lambda Control 282 10.4 Other Factors that
Influence lambda Control 294 10.5 Ignition Control 299 10.6 Idle Speed
Control 306 10.7 Torque Management and Idle Speed Control 307 10.8 Turbo
Control 308 10.9 Dependability and Graceful Degradation 315 11 Basic
Control of Diesel Engines 317 11.1 Overview of Diesel Engine Operation and
Control 317 11.2 Basic Torque Control 320 11.3 Additional Torque
Controllers 322 11.4 Fuel Control 323 11.5 Control of Gas Flows 327 11.6
Case Study: EGR and VGT Control and Tuning 332 11.7 Diesel After Treatment
Control 346 12 Engine-Some Advanced Concepts 349 12.1 Variable Valve
Actuation 349 12.2 Variable Compression 356 12.3 Signal Interpretation and
Feedback Control 361 Part IV DRIVELINE - MODELING AND CONTROL 13 Driveline
Introduction 373 13.1 Driveline 373 13.2 Motivations for Driveline Modeling
and Control 373 13.3 Behavior without Appropriate Control 376 13.4 Approach
380 14 Driveline Modeling 381 14.1 General Modeling Methodology 381 14.2 A
Basic Complete Model - A Rigid Driveline 384 14.3 Driveline Surge 386 14.4
Additional Driveline Dynamics 391 14.5 Clutch Influence and Backlash in
General 396 14.6 Modeling of Neutral Gear and Open Clutch 404 14.7 Clutch
Modeling 406 14.8 Torque Converter 409 14.9 Concluding Remarks on Modeling
411 15 Driveline Control 413 15.1 Characteristics of Driveline Control 414
15.2 Basics of Driveline Control 419 15.3 Driveline Speed Control 427 15.4
Control of Driveline Torques 443 15.5 Transmission Torque Control 448 15.6
Driveshaft Torsion Control 459 15.7 Recapitulation and Concluding Remarks
467 Part V DIAGNOSIS AND DEPENDABILITY 16 Diagnosis and Dependability 473
16.1 Dependability 474 16.2 Basic Definitions and Concepts 479 16.3
Introducing Methodology 482 16.4 Engineering of Diagnosis Systems 494 16.5
Selected Automotive Applications 494 16.6 History, Legislation, and OBD 520
16.7 Legislation 521 A Thermodynamic Data and Heat Transfer Formulas 527
A.1 Thermodynamic Data and Some Constants 527 A.2 Fuel Data 528 A.3
Dimensionless Numbers 528 A.4 Heat Transfer Basics 529 References 541 Index
555