This volume contains papers which have been presented at the International Sym posium on Metal Clusters in Heidelberg from April 7-11, 1986. Clusters, and in particular metal clusters, have been the topic of fa~t growing scientific interest. Indeed, clusters constitute a field of interdisciplinary nature where both physical and chemical questions have to be addressed. Clusters are offundamental importance for the deeper understanding of the transition from atoms via molecules and larger aggregates of particles to the properties of solid materials. Moreover, metal clusters and their character…mehr
This volume contains papers which have been presented at the International Sym posium on Metal Clusters in Heidelberg from April 7-11, 1986. Clusters, and in particular metal clusters, have been the topic of fa~t growing scientific interest. Indeed, clusters constitute a field of interdisciplinary nature where both physical and chemical questions have to be addressed. Clusters are offundamental importance for the deeper understanding of the transition from atoms via molecules and larger aggregates of particles to the properties of solid materials. Moreover, metal clusters and their character istics are of vital significance for such applied topics as catalysis or photography. Experimentally, the field exhibited rapid progress in the last years. Different sources for clusters have been developed. Intense beams made possible the investigation of free neutral clusters and cluster ions as well. Even though a number of issues concerning metal clusters is still discussed controversially, the present volume tries to give an overview of current work in this field and to illustrate the large variety of experiments as well as the advances made possible by modern theoretical methods. Looking at the many interesting questions still to be addressed it is fair to propose a rapid further growth of this field.
On the History of Cluster Beams (With 14 Figures).- Shell Structure and Response Properties of Metal Clusters (With 5 Figures).- Shell Closings and Geometric Structure Effects. A Systematic Approach to the Interpretation of Abundance Distributions Observed in Photoionisation Mass Spectra for Alkali Cluster Beams (With 1 Figures).- Evolution of Photoionization Spectra of Metal Clusters as a Function of Size (With 8 Figures).- Spectroscopy of Na3 (With 7 Figures).- The Formation and Kinetics of Ionized Cluster Beams (With 8 Figures).- On the Phase of Metal Clusters (With 2 Figures).- General Principles Governing Structures of Small Clusters (With 5 Figures).- Geometrical Structure of Metal Clusters.- Electronic Structure and Bonding in Clusters: Theoretical Studies (With 4 Figures).- Metallic Ions and Clusters: Formation, Energetics, and Reaction (With 11 Figures).- Experiments on Size-Selected Metal Cluster Ions in a Triple Quadrupole Arrangement (With 8 Figures).- Sputtered Metal Cluster Ions: Unimolecular Decomposition and Collision Induced Fragmentation (With 5 Figures).- A Penning Trap for Studying Cluster Ions (With 6 Figures).- The Chemistry and Physics of Molecular Surfaces (With 9 Figures).- Analysis of the Reactivity of Small Cobalt Clusters (With 2 Figures).- Compound Clusters (With 14 Figures).- Structural and Electronic Properties of Compound Metal Clusters (With 4 Figures).- Binary Metal Alloy Clusters (With 8 Figures).- Cluster Compounds Help to Bridge the Gap between Atom and Solid (With 4 Figures).- Systems of Small Metal Particles: Optical Properties and their Structure Dependences (With 13 Figures).- Synthesis and Properties of Metal Clusters in Polymeric Matrices (With 14 Figures).- Guest-Host Interaction and Photochemical Transformation of Silver Particles Isolated in Rare Gas Matrices (With 10 Figures).- Ionized Cluster Beam Technique for Thin Film Deposition (With 13 Figures).- Growth and Properties of Particulate Fe Films Vapor Deposited in UHV on Planar Alumina Substrates (With 12 Figures).- Atom Desorption Energies for Sodium Clusters (With 5 Figures).- The Role of Small Silver Clusters in Photography (With 4 Figures).- Magnetic Measurements on Stable Fe(0) Microclusters. Part 2 (With 4 Figures).- Photofragmentation of Mass Resolved Carbon Cluster Ions (With 2 Figures).- Decomposition Channels for Multiply Charged Ammonia Clusters (With 2 Figures).- An Improved Clusterion-Photoelectron Coincidence Technique for the Investigation of the Ionisation Dynamics of Clusters (With 6 Figures).- Study of the Fragmentation of Small Sulphur Clusters (With 4 Figures).- Metal Clusters and Particles: A Few Concluding Theoretical Remarks.- List of Contributors.
On the History of Cluster Beams (With 14 Figures).- Shell Structure and Response Properties of Metal Clusters (With 5 Figures).- Shell Closings and Geometric Structure Effects. A Systematic Approach to the Interpretation of Abundance Distributions Observed in Photoionisation Mass Spectra for Alkali Cluster Beams (With 1 Figures).- Evolution of Photoionization Spectra of Metal Clusters as a Function of Size (With 8 Figures).- Spectroscopy of Na3 (With 7 Figures).- The Formation and Kinetics of Ionized Cluster Beams (With 8 Figures).- On the Phase of Metal Clusters (With 2 Figures).- General Principles Governing Structures of Small Clusters (With 5 Figures).- Geometrical Structure of Metal Clusters.- Electronic Structure and Bonding in Clusters: Theoretical Studies (With 4 Figures).- Metallic Ions and Clusters: Formation, Energetics, and Reaction (With 11 Figures).- Experiments on Size-Selected Metal Cluster Ions in a Triple Quadrupole Arrangement (With 8 Figures).- Sputtered Metal Cluster Ions: Unimolecular Decomposition and Collision Induced Fragmentation (With 5 Figures).- A Penning Trap for Studying Cluster Ions (With 6 Figures).- The Chemistry and Physics of Molecular Surfaces (With 9 Figures).- Analysis of the Reactivity of Small Cobalt Clusters (With 2 Figures).- Compound Clusters (With 14 Figures).- Structural and Electronic Properties of Compound Metal Clusters (With 4 Figures).- Binary Metal Alloy Clusters (With 8 Figures).- Cluster Compounds Help to Bridge the Gap between Atom and Solid (With 4 Figures).- Systems of Small Metal Particles: Optical Properties and their Structure Dependences (With 13 Figures).- Synthesis and Properties of Metal Clusters in Polymeric Matrices (With 14 Figures).- Guest-Host Interaction and Photochemical Transformation of Silver Particles Isolated in Rare Gas Matrices (With 10 Figures).- Ionized Cluster Beam Technique for Thin Film Deposition (With 13 Figures).- Growth and Properties of Particulate Fe Films Vapor Deposited in UHV on Planar Alumina Substrates (With 12 Figures).- Atom Desorption Energies for Sodium Clusters (With 5 Figures).- The Role of Small Silver Clusters in Photography (With 4 Figures).- Magnetic Measurements on Stable Fe(0) Microclusters. Part 2 (With 4 Figures).- Photofragmentation of Mass Resolved Carbon Cluster Ions (With 2 Figures).- Decomposition Channels for Multiply Charged Ammonia Clusters (With 2 Figures).- An Improved Clusterion-Photoelectron Coincidence Technique for the Investigation of the Ionisation Dynamics of Clusters (With 6 Figures).- Study of the Fragmentation of Small Sulphur Clusters (With 4 Figures).- Metal Clusters and Particles: A Few Concluding Theoretical Remarks.- List of Contributors.
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