Virginia Garrard, Peter Henderson, Bryan McCann

Latin America in the Modern World

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Oxford University Press Inc
• 2 Revised edition
• Seitenzahl: 560
• Erscheinungstermin: 27. September 2022
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 232mm x 189mm x 22mm
• Gewicht: 844g
• ISBN-13: 9780197574089
• ISBN-10: 0197574084
• Artikelnr.: 63923788

Autorenporträt

Virginia Garrard is Director of the Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies and Collections and a member of the Department of History at the University of Texas, Austin. Peter V. N. Henderson is Emeritus Professor of History at Winona State University. Bryan McCann is Chair of the History Department at Georgetown University and President of BRASA, the Brazilian Studies Association.

Inhaltsangabe

* List of Maps
* Note on Spellings
* Preface
* Acknowledgments
* About the Authors
* PROLOGUE
* The Land and the People
* The Indigenous Peoples
* The Iberians and the Africans
* The Conquest (Encounter) and Its Consequences
* The Conquest of Mexico
* The Conquest of Peru
* Brazil's Conquest Experiences
* The Consequences of the Conquest: The Columbian Exchange
* Colonial Administration and Economics
* The Colonial Administration
* The Colonial Economy
* Colonial Society
* The Elite, the Middle Sectors, and the Issue of Race
* Changes in the Eighteenth Century
* The Bourbon Reforms and the Enlightenment, 1713-1808
* Timeline
* Selected Readings
* Part One The Early Nineteenth-Century Search for National Identity to
1875
* Chapter 1: Latin America in the Age of Revolution, 1789-1820s
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Causes of Independence, 1789-1810
* The External Causes of Independence
* The Internal Grievances
* The Haitian Revolution, 1789-1804
* Slavery in Saint-Domingue
* The Great Slave Rebellion
* The Environment Assists the Haitian Revolutionaries
* Violence and New Racial Hierarchies at the Dawn of the Republic
* The Liberation Movement in Spanish South America, 1808-1825
* The Quest for Autonomy
* The War in Northern South America, 1810-1816
* Independence in the Southern Cone
* Patriot Success in the North and the Andes, 1816-1825
* Independence in Mexico, 1810-1822
* The Hidalgo Rebellion
* Morelos's Insurgency
* Iturbide and the Triumph of Criollo Patriotism
* Brazil's Path to Independent Empire, 1807-1822
* The Portuguese Court in Brazil
* Independence
* "The Loyal Caribbean," 1800-1860s
* Sugar and Slavery in the Caribbean
* Retaining the Colonial Order
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: The United States and the Haitian Revolution
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Manuela Sáenz de Thorne CULTURE: National Anthems
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva
* Chapter 2: Latin America: Regionalism and First Attempts at State
Formation
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Breakdown of the Spanish Viceroyalties, 1825-1850s
* Bolívar's Visionary Plans Fail
* The Viceroyalty of La Plata Continues to Fragment, 1820s-1850s
* Argentina's Unitarians and the Federalists
* Buenos Aires versus the Provinces; Rosas versus Sarmiento
* The Brazilian Counterexample: Unity despite Regionalism, 1822-1845
* The Contours of Empire
* The Regency Revolts
* The Breakdown of New Spain and the Demise of the United Provinces of
Central America, 1821-1835
* Iturbide's Empire
* Mexican National Politics from Iturbide to the Texas Rebellion
* Regionalism and the Demise of the UPCA, 1823-1840
* Growing Tensions in the UPCA
* The Collapse of the Union
* Regionalism and Caudillos, 1820s-1870s
* Characteristics of a Caudillo
* José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia
* Antonio Abad Huachaca
* Mexico Loses More Territory: The Effects of Manifest Destiny,
1835-1853
* The Idea of Manifest Destiny
* The Mexican War
* The Era of Filibusters
* William Walker and Nicaragua
* Liberal and Conservative Visions of State Formation, 1830-1875
* An Overview of the Competing Visions
* The Colombian Constitution of 1863: Extreme Federalism
* Extreme Centralism: The Case of Chile, 1833-1860
* The Economic Debate: Free Trade versus Protectionism
* The War of the Triple Alliance, 1864-1870
* The Conduct of the War
* Results of the Conflict
* Liberals, Conservatives, and the Catholic Church, 1830s-1880s
* The Mexican Reforma
* García Morena and the Catholic Nation of Ecuador
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Women Travelers in the Andean Nations
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: Domingos José de Almeida: Race and
Rebellion in Nineteenth-Century Brazil
* THE ENVIRONMENT: The 1837 Cholera Epidemic
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 3: Exclusion and Inclusion: Everyday People, 1825-1880s
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* Indian Subjects Become Indigenous Citizens, 1820s-1889
* The End of "Indian" Tribute
* Communal Land Issues in El Salvador and Guatemala
* Land Conflicts in Bolivia
* The End of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and the Long Path to the
Abolition of Slavery in Latin America, 1820s-1880s
* Sugar in the Americas
* Environmental Factors Intensify Cuba's Sugar Production
* Slave Trade and Abolition in Cuba
* Abolition in Brazil, the End of Empire/Creation of the Old Republic
* The Rise of Popular Religion, 1830s-1890s
* The Emergence of Popular Catholicism
* Political, Social, and Economic Responses of the Popular Classes,
1840s-1880s
* Popular Liberalism and Conservativism in Mexico
* Popular Liberals and Popular Conservatives in Colombia
* The Popular Classes and the Economy
* Social Banditry in Mexico and Brazil
* Women and Families in Latin America, 1820s-1875
* Women, Social Expectations, and the Law
* Patriarchy and Poor Rural Women
* Patriarchy and Poor Urban Women
* Haciendas and Urban Life: The Role of Elites, 1830s-1880s
* Elites and Comparative Ranching in the Rio de la Plata Basin
* Mexican Haciendas
* Urban Life in Lima
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Photographs of Enslaved Brazilians
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: The Virgin of the Angels: A US Protestant
Missionary (Mattie Crawford) Views Popular Religion
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Mandeponay, a Chiriguano Leader in Bolivia
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Part Two Progress and Modernization: Commodities, Railroads,
Neocolonialism, and Race, 1875-1929
* Chapter 4: Progress and Modernization: The Elite's Strategy,
1870-1929
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* Philosophy and Principles of Modernization: Positivism and Social
Darwinism, 1870s-1900s
* The Ideas behind Positivism and Social Darwinism
* Positivism and Social Darwinism in Latin America
* The Quest for Order, 1870s-1900s
* Argentina under the Liberals
* Mexico under Porfirio Díaz
* Creating the Modern Latin American Military: The Case of Chile
* Foreign Investment, 1870s-1900s
* Foreign Investment in Mexico
* British Investment in Argentina
* Immigration, 1870s-1900s
* Immigration in the Southern Cone
* Immigrants and Race
* Products for Export, 1870s-1920s
* Beef and Wheat in Argentina and Uruguay
* Banana Cultivation and Its Consequences
* Bananas and the Environment
* Railroads and Other Technologies, 1870s-1900s
* Railroads in Brazil and Mexico
* Railroads in the Andean Nations
* Refrigeration and Other Technologies
* Elite Women in the Age of Progress, 1870s-1900
* Social Motherhood
* Post-independence Liberalism and Elite Women
* New Roles in Education and Healthcare
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: The Department Store
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: Chicle CULTURE AND IDEAS: The Chá Viaduct,
São Paulo
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 5: Worlds Connecting: Latin America in an Imperial Age
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Growing Presence of the United States, 1890s-1920s
* The Cuban Independence Movement of 1895
* The US Intervention and the Spanish American War
* Cuba under the Platt Amendment, 1899-1934
* Protecting the "American Lake"
* The Panama Canal and the Conquest of the Tropics
* The US Occupations of the Dominican Republic and Haiti
* Augusto Sandino and the US Occupation of Nicaragua, 1909-1933
* The Latin American Reaction to US Aggression, 1890s-1920s
* The Baltimore Affair
* Latin Americans Reflect on the Yankee Menace
* Territorial Readjustments and South American Imperialism, 1878-1929
* Events Leading to the War of the Pacific
* The War of the Pacific: Conflict and Resolution
* Foreign Capital, the Automobile, and New Sources of Energy,
1900-1920s
* Petroleum in Venezuela
* Oil and Environmental Disaster in Mexico
* The Rubber Industry and Fordlândia
* The Formative Years of Middle-Class Feminism, 1900-1930
* Changing Social Behavior: The "Woman Question"
* Paulina Luisi: Feminist and Physician
* The Quest for Married Women's Property Rights in Argentina
* The Role of the United States during South America's "Roaring
Twenties"
* The United States and the "Roaring Twenties" in Colombia
* The "Roaring Twenties" in Peru
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Conflict between Elites and the Popular Class
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Soccer in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Protestant Missionaries
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 6: Progress and Its Discontents, 1880-1929
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* Consequences of Urbanization, 1880-1920
* Urbanization in Argentina
* Urbanization in Uruguay
* The Old Republic and the Modernization of Rio de Janeiro
* The Urban Environment and Public Parks
* The Seamier Side of Urban Life in Mexico
* Crime and Disease in Andean Cities
* The Rise of the Middle Class, 1890s-1920s
* The Middle Class in Argentina
* The Middle Class in Peru
* Literary Giants: Machado de Assis and Rodó
* Indigenous People and Liberal Rule, 1880s-1920s
* Indigenous People in Mexico
* Guatemala
* The Andean Republics
* Rural Conflict in Brazil: Canudos
* The Mexican Revolution: The Decade of Violence, 1910-1920
* The Failed Transition from the Porfiriato
* From Reform to Revolution
* Women at War: The Soldadera
* The Constitution of 1917
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: The Redemption of Ham
* COMMODITIES AND ECONOMICS: Brazil's Cacao Boom and Bust, 1870s-1930s
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Sex Workers and the Banana Plantations
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Part Three The Call for Change: Twentieth-Century Transformations,
1930-1980
* Chapter 7: The Great Depression and Authoritarian Populists,
1930-1950
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The End of the Export Boom and Its Consequences, 1929-1935
* Mineral-Exporting Nations
* Export Agriculture and the Depression
* Everyday Life during the Depression, 1930-1940
* Depression-Era Dictatorships, 1930-1945
* The Dictators
* La Matanza in El Salvador
* The Good Neighbor Policy and World War II, 1934-1945
* The Good Neighbor Policy
* The Good Neighbor Policy in Practice
* Strategies for Change: ISI and Economic Nationalism, 1935-1960
* Light Industry
* Brazilian Industrialization
* Heavy Industry in Mexico
* The Expropriation of the Oil Industry in Mexico: Economic Nationalism
* Urbanization and the Emergence of Labor Movements, 1900-1945
* The Evolution of the Labor Movement
* Industrial Labor in Brazil
* Industrial Labor in Argentina
* The Regional Confederation of Mexican Workers and the Confederation
of Mexican Workers
* Gender and Labor in a Chilean Copper Mine
* Andean Populism, 1930-1955
* Jorge Eliécer Gaitán of Colombia
* Populism in Peru and Ecuador
* Brazil's Populist: Getúlio Vargas, 1930-1945
* Vargas Comes to Power
* The Estado Novo
* Damming the São Francisco
* The Peróns: Argentine Populism, 1945-1955
* Perón's Ascension to Power
* Evita Perón
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Rafael Leónidas Trujillo and the Parsley Massacre
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: The Early Tourism Industry in Mexico
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 8: The Challenges of Modernity, 1930-1950
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* New Ideas about Race in Latin America, 1920-1935
* The Ideas about Mestizaje in Mexico
* Indigenismo in Mexico
* Indigenismo in Guatemala
* Pan-Africanism, Negritude, and New Ideas about Blackness in Latin
America
* Cultural Nationalism: The Mexican Example, 1920-1955
* Artists and the Development of Mexican National Culture
* Frida Kahlo: Art and the Importance of Popular Culture
* Mass Media: Promoting Revolutionary Mexican Culture, 1935-1960
* The Golden Age of Cinema
* Comic Books
* Mexico's Practical Program to Reform National Culture, 1926-1940
* The Campaign against the Church and Its Consequences
* Destroying the Hacienda: The Agrarian Reform Program
* Indigenismo and Mestizaje in the Andean Nations, 1928-1980
* Andean Mestizaje
* Andean Indigenismo
* Cholas in the Andes
* Cholas in the Marketplace
* Indigenista Art and Literature in the Andean Region, 1940-1960
* Andean Literature
* Andean Visual Arts
* Land Use in Southern Chile, 1925-1960
* Early Efforts to Control Forest Usage
* Peasant Protest and Forest Development
* New Understandings of Race in Brazil, 1930-1960
* Women and the Quest for Equal Voting Rights, 1929-1960
* Suffrage in South America
* Mexico Belatedly Joins the First Wave of Feminism
* Popular Culture and the Spread of Modern Ideas, 1930-1960
* The Sources of Cultural Images
* Argentina and the Tango
* The Brazilian Samba
* Son and Rumba in Cuba
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: The Survival of Handicrafts: The Panama
Hat
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: The Maracanaço
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 9: Revolution and Reform in Latin America, 1950-1980
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* Latin American Follows Mexico's Path to Reform, 1948-1980
* The Bolivian National Revolution of 1952
* The Venezuelan Democratic Revolution
* José Figueres and the Costa Rican Revolution
* Guatemala's Ten Years of Spring, 1944-1954
* Arévalo and Spiritual Socialism
* The Arbenz Administration
* The Covert Operation in Guatemala
* Cuba and the Radical Left Model, 1959-1989
* The Batista Regime and Its Overthrow
* Fidel Castro and the Early Days of the Cuban Revolution
* The Cuban Revolution Enters the Cold War
* The Cuban Revolution at Home
* Exporting the Cuban Revolution to Africa and Latin America
* Aging Populists and Leftist Opposition in the Southern Cone,
1954-1970
* The Return of Getúlio Vargas in Brazil
* Goulart and the Unraveling of the Getulista Coalition
* Perón and Peronism: From Exile to Return
* The Montoneros and Urban Guerrillas in Argentina and Uruguay
* Salvador Allende and Electoral Socialism in Chile, 1970-1973
* The Chilean Presidential Election of 1970
* Allende's Controversial Policies and Their Consequences
* The Coup of September 11, 1973
* Latin America's Third Way: Authoritarian Reformers in Peru and
Ecuador, 1967-1980
* The Peruvian Case
* The Ecuadorian Case
* The Revolution in Latin American Literature, 1950s-1980s
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: A Pro-Arbenz Agrarian Reform Poster
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: The Iconography of Che Guevara
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: The Ten-Million-Ton Harvest
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Bob Marley and Reggae in Latin America
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 10: Counterrevolution in Latin America, 1960-1980
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Alliance for Progress, 1961-1972
* The Creation of the Alliance
* The Alliance's Successes and Failures
* The National Security Doctrine, 1960-1980
* The Workings of the Doctrine
* The School of the Americas
* A National Security State: Guatemala in the 1960s
* Guatemala: 1960-1980
* Mexico: From Economic Miracle to the Dirty War, 1950-1964
* The Institutional Revolutionary Party and Dominant Party Politics
* Early Opposition to the Institutional Revolutionary Party
* The Dirty War in Mexico, 1964-1974
* Rural Protests
* The Tlatelolco Massacre
* Argentina, Uruguay, and the Dirty Wars in the Southern Cone,
1970s-1980s
* The Dirty War Begins
* Victims and Survivors
* The Military in Uruguay
* The Brazilian Military Dictatorship, 1964-1985
* The Lead-Up to the Coup
* Dictatorship in the Name of Democracy
* Soft and Hard Dictatorship
* The Military's Development Program and Its Consequences
* The Trans-Amazonian Highway: Threatening the Rainforest Environment
* Augusto Pinochet and the Dirty War in Chile, 1973-1990
* Pinochet Suppresses the Left and Imposes Order
* Pinochet, Neoliberalism and the "Chilean Miracle"
* Economic Collapse, the Recovery, and the Path toward Democracy
* Women's Participation in the Pinochet Regime
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Death Comes to a Beauty Queen: Rogelia Cruz Martínez
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Popular Music, Mexican Youth, and the
Counterculture Movement
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 11: The Late Cold War in Latin America, 1970s to 1990
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* Liberation Theology in Latin America, 1962-1980
* The Crisis in the Catholic Church and the Reforms
* The Effect of Liberation Theology
* The Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua, 1972-1995
* The Continuing Somoza Dynasty
* The Sandinista Revolution and the Aftermath
* The Sandinista Government and Its Opposition
* Revolutionary Women in Nicaragua
* The Cold War in El Salvador and Guatemala, 1970-1992
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* The Sustainable Agriculture Movement in Central America
* Cuba in the Special Period, 1989-2016
* The Economic Effects of the Special Period
* Other Changes during the Special Period
* The Late Cold War in the Andes, 1960-2016
* The FARC and the ELN in Colombia
* The Shining Path: The Scourge of Peru
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Latin American Baseball
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Mario Vargas Llosa Contextualizes the Shining Path
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Part Four Old and New Ideas: The Search for a Middle Ground,
1980-2016
* Chapter 12: Neoliberalism and Its Discontents, 1980-2015
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Return to Democracy in the Southern Cone, 1975-2015
* Argentina's Dirty War Ends
* Brazil's Return to Democracy
* Civil Society Mobilization and the End of Dictatorship
* Chile after Pinochet: Democracy, Economic Growth, and Justice
* Bait-and-Switch Populists
* Two Established Democracies Rejuvenated
* Mexico: The Failure of the PRI, 1982-2000
* Vicente Fox and the Fruition of Democracy
* Unsettling Circumstances for Venezuela's Democracy, 1970-1998
* From the Caracazo to the Breakdown of the Two Parties
* The Venezuelan Election of 1998
* The Debt Crisis, the IMF, and Neoliberalism, 1975-2000
* Rejecting the ISI Model
* The Debt Crisis of the 1980s
* Neoliberalism and Its Principles
* Ecotourism, Conservation, and National Parks
* The National Park System in Costa Rica
* The Galápagos Islands: From Darwin's Laboratory to Tourist Paradise
* The Drug Trade: Poisoning the Andean States, 1970-2000
* Producing Coca in Bolivia and Peru
* Drug Smuggling: The Medellín and Cali Cartels in Colombia
* The New Middle Class and Consumerism
* Who Joined the New Middle Class?
* New Venues for Middle-Class Consumption: The Shopping Mall
* Contemporary Feminist Issues, 1970-2020
* Divorce in the Southern Cone Nations
* Reproductive Rights
* Urban Poverty and the Informal Sector, 1960-2000
* Contemporary Ideas about Informal Urbanization
* The Environment and Development, 1960-2000
* Urban Environmental Issues: Electrification
* Brazil's Rolling Brownouts of 2001-2002
* Automobile Traffic and Pollution
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: The Privatization of the Rio Doce Valley
Company
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: Coca before the Narcos
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Urban Poverty and the Informal Sector, 1960-2000
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Chapter 13: New Identities, New Politics, 1980-2016
* Global Connections
* Introduction
* The Rejection of Mestizaje and Racial Democracy, 1980-2000
* New Racial and Ethnic Identities in Brazil
* Questioning Mestizaje in Latin America
* Identity Politics: The Indigenous Movements, 1980-2010
* The Zapatista Uprising of 1994 in Mexico
* The Ecuadorian Experience
* The Indigenous Movements in Bolivia and Peru
* The Maya Movement in Guatemala
* Identity Politics: Gender, Sexuality, and Women in Politics,
1990-2020
* Gender Issues: The LGBTQ+ Movement in Contemporary Latin America
* Identity Politics: Religious Pluralism and Pentecostalism, 1980-2020
* The Three Waves of the Pentecostal Movement
* Why Pentecostalism?
* Brazilian Neo-Pentecostalism
* The Flood and the Ebb of the Pink Tide, 1999-2020
* Hugo Chávez and the Bolivarian Revolution, 1999-2020
* Criticism Mounts as the Revolution Falters
* The Pink Tide in Bolivia, 2005-2019
* The Pink Tide in Ecuador, 2006-2017
* The Moderate Pink Tide Elsewhere and Its Ebb
* The Response of the Pacific Alliance, 2000-2020
* Chile and Peru, 2006-2020
* Colombia and Mexico, 2000-2020
* New Global Players in Latin America, 2003-2020
* The China Boom, 2003-2014
* Russia and Iran, 2000-2020
* General Tenets of Latin America's Environmental Movement, 1980-2020
* Ecological Policy Debates in Peru
* Popular Cultural Traditions, 1980-2000
* New Popular Music Genres
* Other Forms of Popular Culture
* ECONOMICS AND COMMODITIES: Otavalan Weaving and Global
Entrepreneurship
* SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: Rigoberta Menchú Tum
* CULTURE AND IDEAS: Argentina's Naval Mechanics School Museum
* Conclusion
* Timeline
* Key Terms
* Selected Readings
* Epilogue
* Covid-19 in Latin America
* Environmental Issues
* Commodities in the Twenty-First Century
* Porous Borders and Transnational Crime: Gangs
* The Latin Americanization of the United States
* Key Terms
* Glossary
* Index