The general objective of the study conducted in the Far North region was to assess the environmental and social aspects of the rehabilitation of the Maroua-Mora section of National Road No. 1 with a view to achieving sustainable development objectives.This work was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. The methodology consisted of an extensive literature review, field surveys and direct observations. This method allowed for a scoping of the aspects of sustainable development in the study area, an assessment of the conformity of the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the identification of measures to improve the integration of the sustainable development approach in the framework of this project.From the results obtained, the framing of the pillars of Sustainable Development in the social component showed that in the study area, the majority of health facilities are represented by IHCs (integrated health centers) (89.39%) that are under-equipped and under-structured, primary schools (80.05%) that are under-equipped in the area of education, while 97% of the population is under-equipped in the area of health.