Table of contents:
1. Introduction and History of Meteorology and Climatology 1A. The Atmosphere 1B. Solar Energy 1C. Global Circulation 1D. Climatology 1E. Mid-Latitude Disturbances 1F. Tropical Weather 1G. Paleoclimates 1H. The Global Climate System 2. Atmospheric Composition, Mass and Structure 2A. Composition of the Atmosphere 2B. Mass of the Atmosphere 2C. The Layer of the Atmosphere 3. Solar Radiation and the Global Energy Budget 3A. Solar Radiation 3B. Surface Receipt of Solar Radiation and its Effects 3C. Terrestrial Infrared Radiation and the Greenhouse Effect 3D. Heat Budget of the Earth 3E. Atmospheric Energy and Horizontal Heat Transport 4. Atmospheric Moisture Budget 4A. The Global Hydrological Cycle 4B. Humidity 4C. Evaporation 4D. Condensation 4E. Precipitation Characteristics 5. Atmospheric Instability, Cloud Formation and Precipitation Processes 5A Adiabetic Temperature Changes 5B. Air Stability and Instability 5C. Cloud Formation 5D. Formation of Precipitation 5E. Precipitation Types 5F. Thunderstorms 6. Atmospheric Motion: Principles 6A. Laws of Horizontal Motion 6B. Divergence, Vertical Motion and Vorticity 6C. Local Winds 7. Planetary-Scale Motions in the Atmosphere and Ocean 7A. Variation of Pressure and Wind Velocity with Height 7B. The Global Wind Belts 7C. The General Circulation 7D. Ocean Structure and Circulation 8. Numerical Models of the General Circulation, Climate and Weather Prediction 8A. Fundamentals of the GCM 8B. Model Simulations 8C. Data Sources for Forecasting 8D. Numerical Weather Prediction 9. Mid-Latitude Synoptic Systems 9A. The Air-Mass Concept 9B. Nature of the Source Area 9C. Air-Mass Modification 9D. Frontogenesis 9E. Frontal Characteristics 9F. Zones of Wave Development and Frontogenesis 9G. Surface/Upper-Air Relationships and the Formation of Frontal Cyclones 9. H. Non-Frontal Depressions 9I. Mesoscale Convective Systems 10. Weather and Climate in Temperate and High Latitudes 10A. Europe 10B. North America 10C. The Subtropical Margins 10D. High Latitudes 11. Tropical Weather and Climate 11A. The Intertropical Convergence 11B.Tropical Disturbances 11C. The Asian Monsoon 11D. East Asian and Australian Summer Monsoons 11E. Central and Southern Africa 11F. Amazonia 11G. El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Events 11H. Other Sources of Climatic Variations in the Tropics 11I. Forecasting Tropical Weather 12. Boundary Layer Climates 12A. Surface Energy Budgets 12B. Non-Vegetated Natural Surfaces 12C. Vegetated Surfaces 12D. Urban Surfaces 13. Climate Change 13A. General Considerations 13B. Climate Forcings and Feedbacks 13C. The Climatic Record 13D. Possible Causes of Climatic Change 13E. Model Strategies for the Prediction of Climate Change 13F. The IPCC Models 13G. Other Environmental Impacts of Climate Change 13H. Postscript
Atmosphere, Weather and Climate presents a comprehensive introduction to weather processes and climatic conditions around the world, their observed changes and projected future trends. This updated and expanded eighth edition of Atmosphere, Weather and Climate will prove invaluable to those studying the earth's atmosphere and world climate, whether from environmental and earth sciences, geography, ecology, agriculture, hydrology or related disciplinary perspectives.
A comprehensive introduction to weather processes and climatic conditions around the world, observed changes and projected future trends: an updated edition, invaluable to all students of the earth's atmosphere and world climate.
1. Introduction and History of Meteorology and Climatology 1A. The Atmosphere 1B. Solar Energy 1C. Global Circulation 1D. Climatology 1E. Mid-Latitude Disturbances 1F. Tropical Weather 1G. Paleoclimates 1H. The Global Climate System 2. Atmospheric Composition, Mass and Structure 2A. Composition of the Atmosphere 2B. Mass of the Atmosphere 2C. The Layer of the Atmosphere 3. Solar Radiation and the Global Energy Budget 3A. Solar Radiation 3B. Surface Receipt of Solar Radiation and its Effects 3C. Terrestrial Infrared Radiation and the Greenhouse Effect 3D. Heat Budget of the Earth 3E. Atmospheric Energy and Horizontal Heat Transport 4. Atmospheric Moisture Budget 4A. The Global Hydrological Cycle 4B. Humidity 4C. Evaporation 4D. Condensation 4E. Precipitation Characteristics 5. Atmospheric Instability, Cloud Formation and Precipitation Processes 5A Adiabetic Temperature Changes 5B. Air Stability and Instability 5C. Cloud Formation 5D. Formation of Precipitation 5E. Precipitation Types 5F. Thunderstorms 6. Atmospheric Motion: Principles 6A. Laws of Horizontal Motion 6B. Divergence, Vertical Motion and Vorticity 6C. Local Winds 7. Planetary-Scale Motions in the Atmosphere and Ocean 7A. Variation of Pressure and Wind Velocity with Height 7B. The Global Wind Belts 7C. The General Circulation 7D. Ocean Structure and Circulation 8. Numerical Models of the General Circulation, Climate and Weather Prediction 8A. Fundamentals of the GCM 8B. Model Simulations 8C. Data Sources for Forecasting 8D. Numerical Weather Prediction 9. Mid-Latitude Synoptic Systems 9A. The Air-Mass Concept 9B. Nature of the Source Area 9C. Air-Mass Modification 9D. Frontogenesis 9E. Frontal Characteristics 9F. Zones of Wave Development and Frontogenesis 9G. Surface/Upper-Air Relationships and the Formation of Frontal Cyclones 9. H. Non-Frontal Depressions 9I. Mesoscale Convective Systems 10. Weather and Climate in Temperate and High Latitudes 10A. Europe 10B. North America 10C. The Subtropical Margins 10D. High Latitudes 11. Tropical Weather and Climate 11A. The Intertropical Convergence 11B.Tropical Disturbances 11C. The Asian Monsoon 11D. East Asian and Australian Summer Monsoons 11E. Central and Southern Africa 11F. Amazonia 11G. El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Events 11H. Other Sources of Climatic Variations in the Tropics 11I. Forecasting Tropical Weather 12. Boundary Layer Climates 12A. Surface Energy Budgets 12B. Non-Vegetated Natural Surfaces 12C. Vegetated Surfaces 12D. Urban Surfaces 13. Climate Change 13A. General Considerations 13B. Climate Forcings and Feedbacks 13C. The Climatic Record 13D. Possible Causes of Climatic Change 13E. Model Strategies for the Prediction of Climate Change 13F. The IPCC Models 13G. Other Environmental Impacts of Climate Change 13H. Postscript
Atmosphere, Weather and Climate presents a comprehensive introduction to weather processes and climatic conditions around the world, their observed changes and projected future trends. This updated and expanded eighth edition of Atmosphere, Weather and Climate will prove invaluable to those studying the earth's atmosphere and world climate, whether from environmental and earth sciences, geography, ecology, agriculture, hydrology or related disciplinary perspectives.
A comprehensive introduction to weather processes and climatic conditions around the world, observed changes and projected future trends: an updated edition, invaluable to all students of the earth's atmosphere and world climate.