Karen L. Freiberg, Freiberg Karen

Annual Editions: Human Development

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

This THIRTY-FIFTH EDITION of ANNUAL EDITIONS: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 07/08 provides convenient, inexpensive access to current articles selected from the best of the public press. Organizational features include: an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; a general introduction; brief overviews for each section; a topical index; and an instructor's resource guide with testing materials. USING ANNUAL EDITIONS IN THE CLASSROOM is offered as a practical guide for instructors. ANNUAL EDITIONS titles are supported by our student website, www.mhcls.com/online.

Produktdetails

• Annual Editions: Human Develop
• Verlag: Dushkin Publishing
• 2007-2008
• Seitenzahl: 224
• Erscheinungstermin: Oktober 2006
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 275mm x 212mm x 12mm
• Gewicht: 503g
• ISBN-13: 9780073516158
• ISBN-10: 0073516155
• Artikelnr.: 22330550

Inhaltsangabe

UNIT 1. Genetic and Prenatal Influences on Development
Part A. Genetic InfluencesPsychology Today, March/April 2004
Identical twins are clones with the same genetic profiles. Life
experience, therefore, must matter if identical twins develop unlike
emotions, health problems, and personalities. This article reports
scientific evidence that genes have the equivalent of molecular
"switches” that can be turned on or off by prenatal and postnatal
environmental factors. Several unlike identical twins are described.
2. The Power to Divide, Rick Weiss, National Geographic, July 2005
The United States under Bush limits federal funding of research on
stem cells. Some states (e.g., California) and several countries (e.g.,
Singapore, Korea, U.K.) are making progress in therapeutic cloning of
cells needed by diabetes, heart attack patients, and others. Some
people with regenerated cells are already thriving. Will ethicists
allow this research to continue? Should they?
The American Spectator, November/December 2002
The 30,000 human genes have been mapped and biotech businesses are
booming. Will genetic engineering result in every baby being born
without any mental or physical disabilities? Will we eliminate tumors
and infections, enhance immunity, and make disease extinct? How much
more memory, or years of life, will we add? Will we be fulfilled or
dehumanized? Leon Kass addresses these ethical issues.
Newsweek, January 26, 2004
Reproductive technology has made it possible for parents to have their
eggs and sperm united in a lab dish. After selecting the genetic
characteristics they want, the appropriate embryo (or embryos) is
implanted in the mother for gestation. This practice has raised some
troubling questions. Claudia Kalb addresses these questions of
morality and ethics.
Part B. Prenatal InfluencesTime, November 11, 2002
Embryonic cells, also known as stem cells, generate most of the human
organ systems in the earliest weeks of prenatal development. Not only
aberrant genes, but also health, stress, nutrition, and toxins (e.g.,
drugs) can alter the precision of stem cell transformations. Concerns
for embryonic development are not yet, but should become, a political
priority, argues Nash.
Current, September 2001
Environment affects prenatal development. This article reviews known
dangers (e.g., alcohol and drug use, viral infections) and recently
discovered endocrine disrupters (e.g., chemicals in our air, food, and
water). The author gives advice on exercise, nutrition, and health
maintenance to optimize the physical and cognitive status of the
offspring.
7. The Smallest Patients, Claudia Kalb, Newsweek, October 3, 2005
The health of a fetus can now be safeguarded with surgery during
pregnancy. Early detection and intervention have payoffs both for baby
and for parents. A mother, who is relieved of the stress, anxiety, and
depression associated with a physically challenged baby, tolerates the
surgery well and can go on to deliver the baby normally at term.
UNIT 2. Development During Infancy and Early Childhood
Part A. InfancyPsychology Today, July/August 2000
In this article, Joanna Lipari explains the synthesis of important
aspects of areas of infant development—genetic inheritance, physical
development, cognitive skills, and emotional attachment—into a new view
that equates parenting behaviors to software that promotes the growth
of the baby's brain (hardware). Lipari discusses attachment theory and
compares "old thinking” about raising a baby with research-guided "new
thinking.”
The World & I, February 2002
What happens to self-esteem and emotional/personality development when
babies are rushed to do everything sooner and better than others? The
author contends that parenting and infancy should be more about love of
learning. Through play, babies discover their individuality and
genetically driven interests. Pressuring them to conform to
gender-appropriate activities (e.g., sports, ballet) or academic
pursuits is miseducation.
10. Reading Your Baby's Mind, Pat Wingert and Martha Brant, Newsweek,
August 15, 2005
This article reports earlier ages for most infancy milestones than
previously reported, as evidenced by sophisticated brain imaging. The
most intelligent babies are the happy ones. They learn more from loving
caregivers than from TV. Cognition, language, social, and emotional
skills are all enhanced by love and one-on-one attention.
11. 20 Ways to Boost Your Baby's Brain Power, Alice Sterling Honig,
Scholastic Parent and Child, February/March 2004
This article tells how to combine loving parenting with other
environmental enrichments to enhance the brain connections that are
established in infancy. Language, games, responsiveness, touching, and
books are all suggested for stimulating babies.
Part B. Early ChildhoodPhi Delta Kappan, June 2003
This article summarizes three research studies showing the long-lasting
benefits of early childhood education (e.g., higher education, career
success, stable marriage, moral living) for preschool children living
in poverty at the time of interventions. Each of the programs had
extensive parenting involvement and encouraged attachment bonds. The
authors argue that high-quality preschool today, taxpayer-funded, would
reap future rewards for the United States.
Newsweek, November 11, 2002
A new generation of parents use television as an aid to early childhood
socialization. New high-quality programs improve cognitive skills,
language, self-esteem, and emotional intelligence. Some families still
have anxiety about sex and violence. Kids' TV programming is improving
however.
Newsweek Special Issue, Fall/Winter 2000
Parents are held responsible for ethics and morality training during
early childhood. Our culture has fewer moral role models than before
and more and more aggression and violence, increasing the urgency for
moral lessons. Karen Springen relays the advice of several experts on
how to help preschoolers learn right from wrong.
UNIT 3. Development During Childhood: Cognition and Schooling
Part A. CognitionEducational Leadership, September 2004
The process of knowing (cognition) is often lost as educators "teach to
the test” to improve state-mandated achievement scores. Education
rooted in cognitive science is found in schools that emphasize student
thinking. The authors of this article describe authentic learning
situations in which students become excited about learning in
enrichment clusters.
Time, July 28, 2003
Genetic differences in brain wiring are now believed to create
dyslexia. Children with dyslexia are skilled problem solvers and many
achieve fame in arts and science. Reading involves separating language
into phonemes, analyzing sounds, and automatically detecting them.
Educational practices can improve these cognitive skills.
Part B. Schooling17. The Trouble with Boys, Peg Tyre, Newsweek, January 30,
2006
Gender differences in brain development trigger faster language
proficiency in girls and impulsive (often creative) activity in boys.
Education favors girls when the focus is on standardized testing and
sitting still. Schoolin g with hands-on learning and physical education
gives boys more motivation to achieve. This article suggests a more
respectful way to teach boys.
Educational Leadership, December 2004/January 2005
The future United States culture will require multilingualism to
interact with the millions of earth's people who speak, for example,
Chinese, Arabic, Indonesian, and Russian. Our national security is
threatened by linguistic ignorance. Brain development is more receptive
to language acquisition before puberty. Schools that motivate students
to learn foreign languages early are an asset to world socialization
efforts and peace.
The Clearing House, September/October 2004
The authors argue that the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) education act
needs to be revised. They contend that the NCLB uses test, threats, and
punishments. In order to achieve quality and equity, schools need more
funding, cultural participation, peer supports, and positive
reinforcements. A focus on brain development, memory, personality, and
real learning could improve assessment and accountability.
20. The Power of Teaching Students Using Strengths, Gloria Henderson,
Educational Horizons, Spring 2005
This teacher was taught to remediate the deficits of her students. She
preferred emphasizing their strengths. She makes a strong case for
strengths-based education. Ms. Henderson describes teaching with
encouragement, video creations, motivation, and a focus on each
individual's significance and achievement. Her students find school
fun.
UNIT 4. Development During Childhood: Family and Culture
Part A. FamilyEarly Child Development and Care, Volume 163, 2000
This article is packed with excellent advice on care that creates
self-esteem and emotionally happy and cognitively achieving children.
Alice Honig stresses the need to educate parents early, even before the
birth of their child, especially if parents have experienced
depression, drug abuse, or family violence. Family aids must be
sensitive to different cultures.
Discover, October 2002
The author argues that family socialization and cultural constructs
interact with genetics (talents, temperament) to create unique humans.
It is hypocrisy to blame parenting, or schools, or peers, or
television for all behaviors. Children have some inherited traits; they
are not blank slates. Social progress can be made by reinforcing good
traits and teaching control of bad ones.
Newsweek, September 13, 2004
Parents struggle to educate children and adolescents on the fact that
happiness is not dependent on owning things. Overindulgence and a sense
of entitlement contribute to poor emotional control and
self-absorption. Learning to overcome challenges leads to self-esteem,
a moral work ethic, and better mental health. Families spoil children
with too few limits, not by saying "no.”
Time, February 21, 2005
Families want the best for their children, but often socialize them
badly with educational interference. Parents defend cheating, lower
motivation by expecting too much (or too little), and blame teachers
for emotional upsets. The author describes hovering "helicopter
parents” whose children have no self-reliance, and culture barriers
that keep some parents away from schools. Both have negative
consequences.
25. Where Personality Goes Awry, Charlotte Huff, APA Monitor on Psychology
, March 2004
The nature-nurture debate has favored nature since the explosion of
recent genetic research. This article indicates that family/parenting
factors may contribute to personality disorders (PDs). Children who are
neglected, abused, or who experience trauma, especially sexual trauma,
have especially high rates of adult PDs. A genetic predisposition plus
environmental stressors interact to create disorders.
Part B. Culture26. When Cultures Clash, Anne Underwood and Jerry Adler,
Newsweek, April 25, 2005
This article describes the tragedy of an epileptic child from Loas,
hurt by cultural clash. United States in the 21st century has the
greatest population diversity in the world. Poor foreign-born
immigrants and educated physicians often miscommunicate. Children are
used as language brokers, despite their embarrassment and ignorance of
medicine. Time and respect for others' beliefs are essential to better
health care today.
Brown v. Board: A Dream Deferred, Ellis Cose, Newsweek, March 17, 2004
Cultural differences still exist in American education, according to
Ellis Cose. The schooling of children and adolescents from African- and
Hispanic-American families is not equal, nor are school resources
equivalent. The anxiety and stress of minority learners will be
lessened if we give them the same benefits we give upper-middle-class
white students.
UNIT 5. Development During Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Part A. AdolescenceTime, May 10, 2004
The cognition and brain development of adolescents as revealed by
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies can account for
memory, emotions, motivation, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, drug
abuse, and sex. Brain structural changes are initiated by puberty
hormones. Final maturation does not occur until about age 25. Both
genes and environment affect physical changes in grey and white matter.
Newsweek, April 25, 2005
This article presents evidence that, despite raging hormones,
adolescents and families can have a peaceful friendship. A longitudinal
study has identified socialization practices that unite parents and
teens against peer pressures and cultural temptations. Moral and
ethical character is modeled from caring, competent, connected, and
confident adults.
30. Jail Time Is Learning Time, Signe Nelson and Lynn Olcott, Corrections
Today, February 2006
The number of adolescents who enter legal courts is approximately the
same as those who enter college each year. Many are incarcerated. This
article describes the education of inmates who are minors in cognitive
, career, and stress management skills, and English language
proficiency. More than half of the minors earn their GEDs.
New York Times, August 26, 2003
Adolescents at schools away from home face new challenges: sex, drugs,
grades, and paying bills. The "best time of their lives” becomes a time
of anxiety, emotional stress, and depression. Mental health services
are necessary for many students. Jane Brody gives many creative
solutions for college students' problems.
Part B. Young AdulthoodBody and Soul, September 2004
The author reports her young adulthood identity quest, linked to
career stress and cognition. This article gives an overview of Wicca,
Yoga, Sufism, Shamanism, Buddhism, and Voodoo and discusses the
culture of spirituality, shared by 84% of Americans. Recent genetic
research suggests we inherit a predisposition to seek a higher power
and moral guide. A self-transcendence scale allows the reader to
explore his/her feelings of connectedness to the larger universe.
Reason, February 2003Neuroscience may soon provide ways to
manipulate our brains. New drugs may improve memory, boost cognition, and
fine-tune our emotions. Will these future enhancements be ethical? Ronald
Bailey addresses this question and gives eight objections voiced by
neuroethicists.34. Grow Up? Not So Fast, Lev Grossman, Time, January 24,
2005
"Twixters” is a new name for young adults who put off adult
responsibilities like career, marriage, family, and children. Many have
huge debts from education loans and/or credit cards. They let parents
help care for them as they explore options for work and love and search
their souls for a meaning to life. Are they carefully choosing their
moral pathways, or is growing up harder in our contemporary culture?
UNIT 6. Development During Middle and Late Adulthood
Part A. Middle AdulthoodDiscover, April 2003
A primitive part of the human brain, the brain stem, prompts laughter.
Tickling in sexually private or guarded regions (e.g., groin, waist,
throat) is registered in another ancient region, the somatosensory
cortex. We laugh as a form of instinctive social attachment,
especially in childhood. We're often not aware that we're laughing, but
our laughter is contagious and helps bond friendships and improve
health.
Newsweek, May 10, 2004
Socialized gender differences exist in alcohol abuse. Men drink openly.
Women drink in secret to ease stress and anxiety. Drinking in
adulthood can contribute to divorce, health problems, and death.
Pregnant women who drink also impair prenatal brain development and
contribute to birth defects.
37. How AIDS Changed America, David Jefferson, Newsweek, May 15, 2006
This article chronicles 25 years of AIDS. In the 1980s there was
anxiety but very little research. Gay sex was unmentionable. Silence
led to death. AIDS has killed more Americans than every war from WWII
to Iraq. Women and men, children, heterosexuals: 25 million and
counting are HIV-positive. New viral strains are resistant to
life-prolonging drug cocktails. Continuing education about this health
risk is needed.
38. The Myth of the Midlife Crisis, Gene Cohen, Newsweek, January 16, 2006
This article, adapted from Dr. Cohen's book The Mature Mind, reveals
that new imaging studies document increased brain development at
midlife. Left-right hemispheric connections increase, the amygdalae
respond more slowly, and dendrites interlock more densely. This results
in better cognition, more creativity, mellower personality, and
emotions with less anxiety, aggression, and depression.
Part B. Late Adulthood39. Aging Naturally, Andrew Weil, Time, October 17,
2005
Dr. Andrew Weil shares excerpts from his book Healthy Aging in this
article. He believes antiaging medicine and cosmetic surgery are
obstacles to graceful aging. He recommends keeping the brain and
physical body strong through exercise and nutrition. Other pros are
stress reduction, sleep, good sex, friends, and spiritual
connectedness. Cons are risk taking, smoking and drug abuse.
40. When Your Paycheck Stops, Jane Bryant Quinn, Newsweek, April 17, 2006
The anxiety surrounding retirement can be alleviated by careful
preretirement planning. Careers of the baby-boomers may extend well
beyond 65 or 70, but eventually the paychecks will stop. This article
recommends reinvesting in mutual funds over stocks, putting 401(k)
plans into regular brokerage accounts, tapping one's house for cash
with a reverse mortgage, and investing in long-term care insurance
policies.
HHMI Bulletin, Spring 2004
Centenarians, over 100 and aging well, have positive emotions,
gregarious personalities, good memory and cognition, and remain
independent. Researchers have found genetic materials that contribute
to this vigor. The health and physical status of many centenarians
resemble people 30 years younger.
42. Lost & Found, Barbara Basler, AARP Bulletin, September 2005
A research psychologist, Dr. Cameron Camp, has devised several
activities for aged persons with Alzheimer's disease in its late
stages. He has used the methods of the famous educator Maria Montessori
emphasizing strengths. He discovers what each person's basic skills are
and tailors activities to those that are meaningful and that call on
the patient's past. Research shows validity and reliability to the
method, as well as amazing patient response.
Emphysema/COPD: The Journal of Patient Centered Care, Winter 2004
Our physical status is more decline (after adolescence) than incline.
Aging is universal, and death is inevitable. Helen Sorenson addresses
the ethics and morality issues of terminal care. Trust and good
communication are essential when preparing advance care directives.
Each of us has choices to make about our own deaths.