The objective of this book is to assess the role of private wings in public hospitals to tackle medical professionals' turnover in selected public hospitals. Retention of qualified health staff has become a major problem in Ethiopia. Medical professionals left the public sector mainly due to attractive remuneration elsewhere. To solve this Ethiopian government launched private wings within public hospitals in 2008. In this book a descriptive design with mixed approach was applied. Data was collected through questionnaire, key informant interviews, and document review. Purposive sampling was also utilized to target respondents. Data was collected from 5 hospitals and 192 health professionals. The finding revealed that Medical professionals' level of awareness on different aspects of private wing was not satisfactory; however most of them became happy to know about the chances of earning extra income at home. On average, 50% of the doctors' and 40% of other health professionals' total monthly income were earned from private wings. Accordingly, professionals expressed their intention to continue working in their facilities at least for the next 3 years.