Bruce Mitchell
A Guide to Old English
Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley & Sons Ltd)
- ISBN-13: 9780631127352
- Artikelnr.: 24342835
Foreword to the Eighth Edition vi Map of Anglo-Saxon England vii
Abbreviations and Symbols xv How to Use this Guide 1 PART ONE. 1
Preliminary Remarks on the Language (§§1-4) 11 2 Orthography and
Pronunciation (§§5-9) 13 i Orthography (§5) 13 ii Stress (§6) 13 iii Vowels
(§7) 14 iv Diphthongs (§8) 14 v Consonants (§9) 15 3 Inflexions (§§10-135)
17 Introduction (§§10-14) 17 i Pronouns (§§15-21) 18 ii Nouns and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§22-62) 20 Weak Nouns (§§22-25) 20 Some
Technical Terms (§§26-32) 20 Strong Nouns like stan (masc.) and scip
(neut.) (§§33-44) 22 Masculine and Neuter Nouns in -e (§§45-46) 26 Strong
Feminine Nouns (§§47-51) 27 i-Mutation (§§52-57) 28 Nouns Affected by
i-Mutation (§§58-60) 29 u-Nouns (§§61-62) 30 iii Adjectives (§§63-76) 31
Introduction (§§63-64) 31 Weak Declension (§65) 31 Strong Declension
(§§66-67) 31 Stem Changes in Adjectives (§§68-73) 32 Comparison of
Adjectives (§§74-76) 33 iv Observations on Noun, Adjective, and Pronoun
Declensions (§§77-81) 34 v Numerals (§§82-86) 34 vi Strong Verbs and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§87-114) 35 Introduction (§§87-89) 35
Principal Parts of the Strong Verbs (§§90-95) 36 Breaking (§§96-99) 38
Influence of Initial i, sc, h (§100) 39 Influence of Nasals (§101) 40
Summary of the Strong Verbs of Class III (§102) 40 The Effects of
Sound-Changes on Other Strong Verbs (§103) 40 Strong Verbs of Class VII
(§104) 41 Grimm's Law and Verner's Law (§§105-109) 41 Conjugation of the
Strong Verb (§§110-114) 43 vii Weak Verbs and Sound-Changes Relevant to
Them (§§115-126) 46 Introduction (§115) 46 Class 1 (§§116-123) 46 Class 2
(§§124-125) 49 Class 3 (§126) 50 viii Anomalous Verbs (§§127-130) 51 Bbon
(§127) 51 Ddn and gan (§128) 51 Willan (§129) 52 Preterite-Present Verbs
(§130) 52 ix Is a Verb Strong or Weak? To which Class does it Belong?
(§§131-134) 53 x Adverbs (§135) 54 Formation (§135) 54 Comparison (§135) 54
4 Word Formation (§§136-138) 55 Introduction (§136) 55 i Compounding (§137)
56 ii The Addition of Affixes (§138) 57 Prefixes (§138) 58 Suffixes (§138)
59 5 Syntax (§§139-214) 61 Introduction (§§139-142) 61 i Word-Order
(§§143-147) 63 ii Sentence Structure (§§148-153) 66 Recapitulation and
Anticipation (§148) 66 The Splitting of Heavy Groups (§149) 67 Correlation
(§§150-153) 68 iii Noun Clauses (§§154-161) 70 Introduction (§154) 70
Dependent Statements and Desires (§§155-156) 70 Dependent Questions
(§§157-160) 72 The Accusative and Infinitive (§161) 75 iv Adjective Clauses
(§§162-165) 75 Definite Adjective Clauses (§§162-163) 75 Indefinite
Adjective Clauses (§164) 79 Mood (§165) 80 v Adverb Clauses (§§166-181) 81
Introduction (§§166-167) 81 Non-Prepositional Conjunctions (§168) 83
Prepositional Conjunctions (§§169-171) 83 An Exercise in Analysis (§172) 86
Clauses of Place (§173) 87 Clauses of Time (§174) 88 Clauses of Purpose and
Result (§175) 89 Causal Clauses (§176) 89 Clauses of Comparison (§177) 89
Clauses of Concession (§178) 90 Clauses of Condition (§179) 91 Adverb
Clauses Expressing Other Relationships (§180) 92 Other Ways of Expressing
Adverbial Relationships (§181) 93 vi Parataxis (§§182-186) 93 Introduction
(§§182-183) 93 List of Conjunctions and Adverbs Commonly Used (§184) 94
Parataxis without Conjunctions (§185) 96 Some Special Idioms (§186) 96 vii
Concord (§187) 97 1. Nouns, Pronouns and their Modifiers (§187) 97 2.
Pronouns and their Antecedents (§187) 97 3. Subject and Verb (§187) 98 viii
The Uses of the Cases (§§188-192) 98 Nominative (§188) 98 Accusative (§189)
99 Genitive (§190) 99 Dative (§191) 99 Instrumental (§192) 100 ix Articles,
Pronouns, and Numerals (§§193-194) 100 Articles and Pronouns (§193) 100
Numerals (§194) 101 x Verbs (§§195-212) 101 The Uses of the Present and
Preterite Tenses (§§195-198) 101 The Resolved Tenses (§§199-204) 103
Introduction (§199) 103 The Verb 'to have' as an Auxiliary (§200) 103 The
Verb 'to be' as an Auxiliary of Tense (§201) 104 The Passive (§§202-203)
104 Other Uses of the Present and Past Participles (§204) 105 The Uses of
the Infinitives (§205) 105 The 'Modal' Auxiliaries (§§206-211) 106
Introduction (§206) 106 Magan (§207) 107 *Mdtan (§208) 107 Cunnan (§209)
108 *Sculan (§210) 108 Willan (§211) 108 Impersonal Verbs (§212) 109 xi
Prepositions (§§213-214) 109 List of Prepositions (§214) 110 6 An
Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies (§§215-251) 111 i Some Significant
Dates (§§215-216) 111 ii History (§§217-218) 111 iii Archaeology
(§§219-230) 117 Introduction (§219) 117 List of Abbreviated Titles (§220)
118 Weapons and Warfare (§221) 120 Life and Dress (§222) 120 Architecture
and Buildings (§§223-224) 121 Sculpture and Carving (§225) 122 Jewellery
and Metalwork (§226) 123 Embroidery (§227) 123 Coins (§228) 124 Manuscripts
and Runic Inscriptions (§229) 124 The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial (§230) 124 iv
Language (§§231-235) 125 Changes in English (§231) 125 The Danish Invasions
(§232) 126 The Norman Conquest (§233) 127 Vocabulary (§234) 127 Some
Questions (§235) 128 v Literature (§§236-251) 128 Introduction (§§236-246)
128 Poetry (§§247-249) 134 Prose (§§250-251) 135 7 Select Bibliography
(§§252-269) 137 General (§252) 137 Chapter 1 Preliminary Remarks on the
Language (§253) 137 Chapter 2 Orthography and Pronunciation (§254) 138
Chapter 3 Inflexions (§254) 138 Chapter 4 Word Formation (§255) 138 Chapter
5 Syntax (§256) 138 Chapter 6 Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies
(§§257-269) 139 History (§257) 139 Archaeology (§258) 139 Language
(§§259-261) 140 History of English Prose (§259) 140 Vocabulary (§§260-261)
140 Word Formation 140 Changes of Meaning (§260) 140 Borrowings (§261) 140
Literature (§§262-269) 141 Topics Raised in §§236-246 (§262) 141 General
Criticism (§263) 141 Poetry Texts (§264) 141 Appreciation of the Poetry
(§265) 143 The Use of Oral Formulae (§266) 143 Metre (§267) 143 Prose Texts
(§268) 144 Sources (§269) 144 Appendix A Strong Verbs 146 Appendix B Some
Effects of i-Mutation 154 Appendix C Metre 156 Appendix D List of
Linguistic Terms Used in this Book 163 Appendix E The Moods of Old English
174 Appendix F Grimm's and Verner's Laws 175 PART TWO: PROSE AND VERSE
TEXTS. 1 Practice Sentences 179 2 Two Old Testament Pieces 181 The Fall of
Man 182 Abraham and Isaac 186 3 A Colloquy on the Occupations 190 4 Two
Characteristic Prose Works by Ælfric 198 Preface to Genesis 198 St. Edmund,
King and Martyr 203 5 Alfred the Great's Preface to his Translation of
Gregory's Pastoral Care 212 6 Cynewulf and Cyneheard 216 7 Selections from
the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 220 8 Bede's Account of the Conversion of King
Edwin 224 9 Bede's Account of the Poet Cædmon 228 10 The Goths and
Boethius: Prose and Verse from the Introduction to King Alfred's Boethius
Translation 234 11 (a)-(p) Riddles 239 12 The Battle of Maldon 249 13 The
Ruin 261 14 The Dream of the Rood 264 15 The Wife's Lament 272 16 The
Wanderer 276 17 The Seafarer 284 18 Four excerpts from Beowulf 291 Prologue
294 (a) Beowulf's Fight with Grendel 296 (b) Beowulf Consoles Hrothgar for
Æschere's Death 303 (c) The Lament of the Last Survivor 306 (d) Beowulf's
Funeral 307 19 Wulf and Eadwacer 309 20 Judith 312 21 Cotton Gnomes or
Maxims 325 22 Sermo Lupi ad Anglos 329 Glossary 337 Indexes to Part One 418
Index of Subjects 418 Index of Words 422
Abbreviations and Symbols xv How to Use this Guide 1 PART ONE. 1
Preliminary Remarks on the Language (§§1-4) 11 2 Orthography and
Pronunciation (§§5-9) 13 i Orthography (§5) 13 ii Stress (§6) 13 iii Vowels
(§7) 14 iv Diphthongs (§8) 14 v Consonants (§9) 15 3 Inflexions (§§10-135)
17 Introduction (§§10-14) 17 i Pronouns (§§15-21) 18 ii Nouns and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§22-62) 20 Weak Nouns (§§22-25) 20 Some
Technical Terms (§§26-32) 20 Strong Nouns like stan (masc.) and scip
(neut.) (§§33-44) 22 Masculine and Neuter Nouns in -e (§§45-46) 26 Strong
Feminine Nouns (§§47-51) 27 i-Mutation (§§52-57) 28 Nouns Affected by
i-Mutation (§§58-60) 29 u-Nouns (§§61-62) 30 iii Adjectives (§§63-76) 31
Introduction (§§63-64) 31 Weak Declension (§65) 31 Strong Declension
(§§66-67) 31 Stem Changes in Adjectives (§§68-73) 32 Comparison of
Adjectives (§§74-76) 33 iv Observations on Noun, Adjective, and Pronoun
Declensions (§§77-81) 34 v Numerals (§§82-86) 34 vi Strong Verbs and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§87-114) 35 Introduction (§§87-89) 35
Principal Parts of the Strong Verbs (§§90-95) 36 Breaking (§§96-99) 38
Influence of Initial i, sc, h (§100) 39 Influence of Nasals (§101) 40
Summary of the Strong Verbs of Class III (§102) 40 The Effects of
Sound-Changes on Other Strong Verbs (§103) 40 Strong Verbs of Class VII
(§104) 41 Grimm's Law and Verner's Law (§§105-109) 41 Conjugation of the
Strong Verb (§§110-114) 43 vii Weak Verbs and Sound-Changes Relevant to
Them (§§115-126) 46 Introduction (§115) 46 Class 1 (§§116-123) 46 Class 2
(§§124-125) 49 Class 3 (§126) 50 viii Anomalous Verbs (§§127-130) 51 Bbon
(§127) 51 Ddn and gan (§128) 51 Willan (§129) 52 Preterite-Present Verbs
(§130) 52 ix Is a Verb Strong or Weak? To which Class does it Belong?
(§§131-134) 53 x Adverbs (§135) 54 Formation (§135) 54 Comparison (§135) 54
4 Word Formation (§§136-138) 55 Introduction (§136) 55 i Compounding (§137)
56 ii The Addition of Affixes (§138) 57 Prefixes (§138) 58 Suffixes (§138)
59 5 Syntax (§§139-214) 61 Introduction (§§139-142) 61 i Word-Order
(§§143-147) 63 ii Sentence Structure (§§148-153) 66 Recapitulation and
Anticipation (§148) 66 The Splitting of Heavy Groups (§149) 67 Correlation
(§§150-153) 68 iii Noun Clauses (§§154-161) 70 Introduction (§154) 70
Dependent Statements and Desires (§§155-156) 70 Dependent Questions
(§§157-160) 72 The Accusative and Infinitive (§161) 75 iv Adjective Clauses
(§§162-165) 75 Definite Adjective Clauses (§§162-163) 75 Indefinite
Adjective Clauses (§164) 79 Mood (§165) 80 v Adverb Clauses (§§166-181) 81
Introduction (§§166-167) 81 Non-Prepositional Conjunctions (§168) 83
Prepositional Conjunctions (§§169-171) 83 An Exercise in Analysis (§172) 86
Clauses of Place (§173) 87 Clauses of Time (§174) 88 Clauses of Purpose and
Result (§175) 89 Causal Clauses (§176) 89 Clauses of Comparison (§177) 89
Clauses of Concession (§178) 90 Clauses of Condition (§179) 91 Adverb
Clauses Expressing Other Relationships (§180) 92 Other Ways of Expressing
Adverbial Relationships (§181) 93 vi Parataxis (§§182-186) 93 Introduction
(§§182-183) 93 List of Conjunctions and Adverbs Commonly Used (§184) 94
Parataxis without Conjunctions (§185) 96 Some Special Idioms (§186) 96 vii
Concord (§187) 97 1. Nouns, Pronouns and their Modifiers (§187) 97 2.
Pronouns and their Antecedents (§187) 97 3. Subject and Verb (§187) 98 viii
The Uses of the Cases (§§188-192) 98 Nominative (§188) 98 Accusative (§189)
99 Genitive (§190) 99 Dative (§191) 99 Instrumental (§192) 100 ix Articles,
Pronouns, and Numerals (§§193-194) 100 Articles and Pronouns (§193) 100
Numerals (§194) 101 x Verbs (§§195-212) 101 The Uses of the Present and
Preterite Tenses (§§195-198) 101 The Resolved Tenses (§§199-204) 103
Introduction (§199) 103 The Verb 'to have' as an Auxiliary (§200) 103 The
Verb 'to be' as an Auxiliary of Tense (§201) 104 The Passive (§§202-203)
104 Other Uses of the Present and Past Participles (§204) 105 The Uses of
the Infinitives (§205) 105 The 'Modal' Auxiliaries (§§206-211) 106
Introduction (§206) 106 Magan (§207) 107 *Mdtan (§208) 107 Cunnan (§209)
108 *Sculan (§210) 108 Willan (§211) 108 Impersonal Verbs (§212) 109 xi
Prepositions (§§213-214) 109 List of Prepositions (§214) 110 6 An
Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies (§§215-251) 111 i Some Significant
Dates (§§215-216) 111 ii History (§§217-218) 111 iii Archaeology
(§§219-230) 117 Introduction (§219) 117 List of Abbreviated Titles (§220)
118 Weapons and Warfare (§221) 120 Life and Dress (§222) 120 Architecture
and Buildings (§§223-224) 121 Sculpture and Carving (§225) 122 Jewellery
and Metalwork (§226) 123 Embroidery (§227) 123 Coins (§228) 124 Manuscripts
and Runic Inscriptions (§229) 124 The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial (§230) 124 iv
Language (§§231-235) 125 Changes in English (§231) 125 The Danish Invasions
(§232) 126 The Norman Conquest (§233) 127 Vocabulary (§234) 127 Some
Questions (§235) 128 v Literature (§§236-251) 128 Introduction (§§236-246)
128 Poetry (§§247-249) 134 Prose (§§250-251) 135 7 Select Bibliography
(§§252-269) 137 General (§252) 137 Chapter 1 Preliminary Remarks on the
Language (§253) 137 Chapter 2 Orthography and Pronunciation (§254) 138
Chapter 3 Inflexions (§254) 138 Chapter 4 Word Formation (§255) 138 Chapter
5 Syntax (§256) 138 Chapter 6 Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies
(§§257-269) 139 History (§257) 139 Archaeology (§258) 139 Language
(§§259-261) 140 History of English Prose (§259) 140 Vocabulary (§§260-261)
140 Word Formation 140 Changes of Meaning (§260) 140 Borrowings (§261) 140
Literature (§§262-269) 141 Topics Raised in §§236-246 (§262) 141 General
Criticism (§263) 141 Poetry Texts (§264) 141 Appreciation of the Poetry
(§265) 143 The Use of Oral Formulae (§266) 143 Metre (§267) 143 Prose Texts
(§268) 144 Sources (§269) 144 Appendix A Strong Verbs 146 Appendix B Some
Effects of i-Mutation 154 Appendix C Metre 156 Appendix D List of
Linguistic Terms Used in this Book 163 Appendix E The Moods of Old English
174 Appendix F Grimm's and Verner's Laws 175 PART TWO: PROSE AND VERSE
TEXTS. 1 Practice Sentences 179 2 Two Old Testament Pieces 181 The Fall of
Man 182 Abraham and Isaac 186 3 A Colloquy on the Occupations 190 4 Two
Characteristic Prose Works by Ælfric 198 Preface to Genesis 198 St. Edmund,
King and Martyr 203 5 Alfred the Great's Preface to his Translation of
Gregory's Pastoral Care 212 6 Cynewulf and Cyneheard 216 7 Selections from
the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 220 8 Bede's Account of the Conversion of King
Edwin 224 9 Bede's Account of the Poet Cædmon 228 10 The Goths and
Boethius: Prose and Verse from the Introduction to King Alfred's Boethius
Translation 234 11 (a)-(p) Riddles 239 12 The Battle of Maldon 249 13 The
Ruin 261 14 The Dream of the Rood 264 15 The Wife's Lament 272 16 The
Wanderer 276 17 The Seafarer 284 18 Four excerpts from Beowulf 291 Prologue
294 (a) Beowulf's Fight with Grendel 296 (b) Beowulf Consoles Hrothgar for
Æschere's Death 303 (c) The Lament of the Last Survivor 306 (d) Beowulf's
Funeral 307 19 Wulf and Eadwacer 309 20 Judith 312 21 Cotton Gnomes or
Maxims 325 22 Sermo Lupi ad Anglos 329 Glossary 337 Indexes to Part One 418
Index of Subjects 418 Index of Words 422
Foreword to the Eighth Edition vi Map of Anglo-Saxon England vii
Abbreviations and Symbols xv How to Use this Guide 1 PART ONE. 1
Preliminary Remarks on the Language (§§1-4) 11 2 Orthography and
Pronunciation (§§5-9) 13 i Orthography (§5) 13 ii Stress (§6) 13 iii Vowels
(§7) 14 iv Diphthongs (§8) 14 v Consonants (§9) 15 3 Inflexions (§§10-135)
17 Introduction (§§10-14) 17 i Pronouns (§§15-21) 18 ii Nouns and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§22-62) 20 Weak Nouns (§§22-25) 20 Some
Technical Terms (§§26-32) 20 Strong Nouns like stan (masc.) and scip
(neut.) (§§33-44) 22 Masculine and Neuter Nouns in -e (§§45-46) 26 Strong
Feminine Nouns (§§47-51) 27 i-Mutation (§§52-57) 28 Nouns Affected by
i-Mutation (§§58-60) 29 u-Nouns (§§61-62) 30 iii Adjectives (§§63-76) 31
Introduction (§§63-64) 31 Weak Declension (§65) 31 Strong Declension
(§§66-67) 31 Stem Changes in Adjectives (§§68-73) 32 Comparison of
Adjectives (§§74-76) 33 iv Observations on Noun, Adjective, and Pronoun
Declensions (§§77-81) 34 v Numerals (§§82-86) 34 vi Strong Verbs and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§87-114) 35 Introduction (§§87-89) 35
Principal Parts of the Strong Verbs (§§90-95) 36 Breaking (§§96-99) 38
Influence of Initial i, sc, h (§100) 39 Influence of Nasals (§101) 40
Summary of the Strong Verbs of Class III (§102) 40 The Effects of
Sound-Changes on Other Strong Verbs (§103) 40 Strong Verbs of Class VII
(§104) 41 Grimm's Law and Verner's Law (§§105-109) 41 Conjugation of the
Strong Verb (§§110-114) 43 vii Weak Verbs and Sound-Changes Relevant to
Them (§§115-126) 46 Introduction (§115) 46 Class 1 (§§116-123) 46 Class 2
(§§124-125) 49 Class 3 (§126) 50 viii Anomalous Verbs (§§127-130) 51 Bbon
(§127) 51 Ddn and gan (§128) 51 Willan (§129) 52 Preterite-Present Verbs
(§130) 52 ix Is a Verb Strong or Weak? To which Class does it Belong?
(§§131-134) 53 x Adverbs (§135) 54 Formation (§135) 54 Comparison (§135) 54
4 Word Formation (§§136-138) 55 Introduction (§136) 55 i Compounding (§137)
56 ii The Addition of Affixes (§138) 57 Prefixes (§138) 58 Suffixes (§138)
59 5 Syntax (§§139-214) 61 Introduction (§§139-142) 61 i Word-Order
(§§143-147) 63 ii Sentence Structure (§§148-153) 66 Recapitulation and
Anticipation (§148) 66 The Splitting of Heavy Groups (§149) 67 Correlation
(§§150-153) 68 iii Noun Clauses (§§154-161) 70 Introduction (§154) 70
Dependent Statements and Desires (§§155-156) 70 Dependent Questions
(§§157-160) 72 The Accusative and Infinitive (§161) 75 iv Adjective Clauses
(§§162-165) 75 Definite Adjective Clauses (§§162-163) 75 Indefinite
Adjective Clauses (§164) 79 Mood (§165) 80 v Adverb Clauses (§§166-181) 81
Introduction (§§166-167) 81 Non-Prepositional Conjunctions (§168) 83
Prepositional Conjunctions (§§169-171) 83 An Exercise in Analysis (§172) 86
Clauses of Place (§173) 87 Clauses of Time (§174) 88 Clauses of Purpose and
Result (§175) 89 Causal Clauses (§176) 89 Clauses of Comparison (§177) 89
Clauses of Concession (§178) 90 Clauses of Condition (§179) 91 Adverb
Clauses Expressing Other Relationships (§180) 92 Other Ways of Expressing
Adverbial Relationships (§181) 93 vi Parataxis (§§182-186) 93 Introduction
(§§182-183) 93 List of Conjunctions and Adverbs Commonly Used (§184) 94
Parataxis without Conjunctions (§185) 96 Some Special Idioms (§186) 96 vii
Concord (§187) 97 1. Nouns, Pronouns and their Modifiers (§187) 97 2.
Pronouns and their Antecedents (§187) 97 3. Subject and Verb (§187) 98 viii
The Uses of the Cases (§§188-192) 98 Nominative (§188) 98 Accusative (§189)
99 Genitive (§190) 99 Dative (§191) 99 Instrumental (§192) 100 ix Articles,
Pronouns, and Numerals (§§193-194) 100 Articles and Pronouns (§193) 100
Numerals (§194) 101 x Verbs (§§195-212) 101 The Uses of the Present and
Preterite Tenses (§§195-198) 101 The Resolved Tenses (§§199-204) 103
Introduction (§199) 103 The Verb 'to have' as an Auxiliary (§200) 103 The
Verb 'to be' as an Auxiliary of Tense (§201) 104 The Passive (§§202-203)
104 Other Uses of the Present and Past Participles (§204) 105 The Uses of
the Infinitives (§205) 105 The 'Modal' Auxiliaries (§§206-211) 106
Introduction (§206) 106 Magan (§207) 107 *Mdtan (§208) 107 Cunnan (§209)
108 *Sculan (§210) 108 Willan (§211) 108 Impersonal Verbs (§212) 109 xi
Prepositions (§§213-214) 109 List of Prepositions (§214) 110 6 An
Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies (§§215-251) 111 i Some Significant
Dates (§§215-216) 111 ii History (§§217-218) 111 iii Archaeology
(§§219-230) 117 Introduction (§219) 117 List of Abbreviated Titles (§220)
118 Weapons and Warfare (§221) 120 Life and Dress (§222) 120 Architecture
and Buildings (§§223-224) 121 Sculpture and Carving (§225) 122 Jewellery
and Metalwork (§226) 123 Embroidery (§227) 123 Coins (§228) 124 Manuscripts
and Runic Inscriptions (§229) 124 The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial (§230) 124 iv
Language (§§231-235) 125 Changes in English (§231) 125 The Danish Invasions
(§232) 126 The Norman Conquest (§233) 127 Vocabulary (§234) 127 Some
Questions (§235) 128 v Literature (§§236-251) 128 Introduction (§§236-246)
128 Poetry (§§247-249) 134 Prose (§§250-251) 135 7 Select Bibliography
(§§252-269) 137 General (§252) 137 Chapter 1 Preliminary Remarks on the
Language (§253) 137 Chapter 2 Orthography and Pronunciation (§254) 138
Chapter 3 Inflexions (§254) 138 Chapter 4 Word Formation (§255) 138 Chapter
5 Syntax (§256) 138 Chapter 6 Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies
(§§257-269) 139 History (§257) 139 Archaeology (§258) 139 Language
(§§259-261) 140 History of English Prose (§259) 140 Vocabulary (§§260-261)
140 Word Formation 140 Changes of Meaning (§260) 140 Borrowings (§261) 140
Literature (§§262-269) 141 Topics Raised in §§236-246 (§262) 141 General
Criticism (§263) 141 Poetry Texts (§264) 141 Appreciation of the Poetry
(§265) 143 The Use of Oral Formulae (§266) 143 Metre (§267) 143 Prose Texts
(§268) 144 Sources (§269) 144 Appendix A Strong Verbs 146 Appendix B Some
Effects of i-Mutation 154 Appendix C Metre 156 Appendix D List of
Linguistic Terms Used in this Book 163 Appendix E The Moods of Old English
174 Appendix F Grimm's and Verner's Laws 175 PART TWO: PROSE AND VERSE
TEXTS. 1 Practice Sentences 179 2 Two Old Testament Pieces 181 The Fall of
Man 182 Abraham and Isaac 186 3 A Colloquy on the Occupations 190 4 Two
Characteristic Prose Works by Ælfric 198 Preface to Genesis 198 St. Edmund,
King and Martyr 203 5 Alfred the Great's Preface to his Translation of
Gregory's Pastoral Care 212 6 Cynewulf and Cyneheard 216 7 Selections from
the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 220 8 Bede's Account of the Conversion of King
Edwin 224 9 Bede's Account of the Poet Cædmon 228 10 The Goths and
Boethius: Prose and Verse from the Introduction to King Alfred's Boethius
Translation 234 11 (a)-(p) Riddles 239 12 The Battle of Maldon 249 13 The
Ruin 261 14 The Dream of the Rood 264 15 The Wife's Lament 272 16 The
Wanderer 276 17 The Seafarer 284 18 Four excerpts from Beowulf 291 Prologue
294 (a) Beowulf's Fight with Grendel 296 (b) Beowulf Consoles Hrothgar for
Æschere's Death 303 (c) The Lament of the Last Survivor 306 (d) Beowulf's
Funeral 307 19 Wulf and Eadwacer 309 20 Judith 312 21 Cotton Gnomes or
Maxims 325 22 Sermo Lupi ad Anglos 329 Glossary 337 Indexes to Part One 418
Index of Subjects 418 Index of Words 422
Abbreviations and Symbols xv How to Use this Guide 1 PART ONE. 1
Preliminary Remarks on the Language (§§1-4) 11 2 Orthography and
Pronunciation (§§5-9) 13 i Orthography (§5) 13 ii Stress (§6) 13 iii Vowels
(§7) 14 iv Diphthongs (§8) 14 v Consonants (§9) 15 3 Inflexions (§§10-135)
17 Introduction (§§10-14) 17 i Pronouns (§§15-21) 18 ii Nouns and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§22-62) 20 Weak Nouns (§§22-25) 20 Some
Technical Terms (§§26-32) 20 Strong Nouns like stan (masc.) and scip
(neut.) (§§33-44) 22 Masculine and Neuter Nouns in -e (§§45-46) 26 Strong
Feminine Nouns (§§47-51) 27 i-Mutation (§§52-57) 28 Nouns Affected by
i-Mutation (§§58-60) 29 u-Nouns (§§61-62) 30 iii Adjectives (§§63-76) 31
Introduction (§§63-64) 31 Weak Declension (§65) 31 Strong Declension
(§§66-67) 31 Stem Changes in Adjectives (§§68-73) 32 Comparison of
Adjectives (§§74-76) 33 iv Observations on Noun, Adjective, and Pronoun
Declensions (§§77-81) 34 v Numerals (§§82-86) 34 vi Strong Verbs and
Sound-Changes Relevant to Them (§§87-114) 35 Introduction (§§87-89) 35
Principal Parts of the Strong Verbs (§§90-95) 36 Breaking (§§96-99) 38
Influence of Initial i, sc, h (§100) 39 Influence of Nasals (§101) 40
Summary of the Strong Verbs of Class III (§102) 40 The Effects of
Sound-Changes on Other Strong Verbs (§103) 40 Strong Verbs of Class VII
(§104) 41 Grimm's Law and Verner's Law (§§105-109) 41 Conjugation of the
Strong Verb (§§110-114) 43 vii Weak Verbs and Sound-Changes Relevant to
Them (§§115-126) 46 Introduction (§115) 46 Class 1 (§§116-123) 46 Class 2
(§§124-125) 49 Class 3 (§126) 50 viii Anomalous Verbs (§§127-130) 51 Bbon
(§127) 51 Ddn and gan (§128) 51 Willan (§129) 52 Preterite-Present Verbs
(§130) 52 ix Is a Verb Strong or Weak? To which Class does it Belong?
(§§131-134) 53 x Adverbs (§135) 54 Formation (§135) 54 Comparison (§135) 54
4 Word Formation (§§136-138) 55 Introduction (§136) 55 i Compounding (§137)
56 ii The Addition of Affixes (§138) 57 Prefixes (§138) 58 Suffixes (§138)
59 5 Syntax (§§139-214) 61 Introduction (§§139-142) 61 i Word-Order
(§§143-147) 63 ii Sentence Structure (§§148-153) 66 Recapitulation and
Anticipation (§148) 66 The Splitting of Heavy Groups (§149) 67 Correlation
(§§150-153) 68 iii Noun Clauses (§§154-161) 70 Introduction (§154) 70
Dependent Statements and Desires (§§155-156) 70 Dependent Questions
(§§157-160) 72 The Accusative and Infinitive (§161) 75 iv Adjective Clauses
(§§162-165) 75 Definite Adjective Clauses (§§162-163) 75 Indefinite
Adjective Clauses (§164) 79 Mood (§165) 80 v Adverb Clauses (§§166-181) 81
Introduction (§§166-167) 81 Non-Prepositional Conjunctions (§168) 83
Prepositional Conjunctions (§§169-171) 83 An Exercise in Analysis (§172) 86
Clauses of Place (§173) 87 Clauses of Time (§174) 88 Clauses of Purpose and
Result (§175) 89 Causal Clauses (§176) 89 Clauses of Comparison (§177) 89
Clauses of Concession (§178) 90 Clauses of Condition (§179) 91 Adverb
Clauses Expressing Other Relationships (§180) 92 Other Ways of Expressing
Adverbial Relationships (§181) 93 vi Parataxis (§§182-186) 93 Introduction
(§§182-183) 93 List of Conjunctions and Adverbs Commonly Used (§184) 94
Parataxis without Conjunctions (§185) 96 Some Special Idioms (§186) 96 vii
Concord (§187) 97 1. Nouns, Pronouns and their Modifiers (§187) 97 2.
Pronouns and their Antecedents (§187) 97 3. Subject and Verb (§187) 98 viii
The Uses of the Cases (§§188-192) 98 Nominative (§188) 98 Accusative (§189)
99 Genitive (§190) 99 Dative (§191) 99 Instrumental (§192) 100 ix Articles,
Pronouns, and Numerals (§§193-194) 100 Articles and Pronouns (§193) 100
Numerals (§194) 101 x Verbs (§§195-212) 101 The Uses of the Present and
Preterite Tenses (§§195-198) 101 The Resolved Tenses (§§199-204) 103
Introduction (§199) 103 The Verb 'to have' as an Auxiliary (§200) 103 The
Verb 'to be' as an Auxiliary of Tense (§201) 104 The Passive (§§202-203)
104 Other Uses of the Present and Past Participles (§204) 105 The Uses of
the Infinitives (§205) 105 The 'Modal' Auxiliaries (§§206-211) 106
Introduction (§206) 106 Magan (§207) 107 *Mdtan (§208) 107 Cunnan (§209)
108 *Sculan (§210) 108 Willan (§211) 108 Impersonal Verbs (§212) 109 xi
Prepositions (§§213-214) 109 List of Prepositions (§214) 110 6 An
Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies (§§215-251) 111 i Some Significant
Dates (§§215-216) 111 ii History (§§217-218) 111 iii Archaeology
(§§219-230) 117 Introduction (§219) 117 List of Abbreviated Titles (§220)
118 Weapons and Warfare (§221) 120 Life and Dress (§222) 120 Architecture
and Buildings (§§223-224) 121 Sculpture and Carving (§225) 122 Jewellery
and Metalwork (§226) 123 Embroidery (§227) 123 Coins (§228) 124 Manuscripts
and Runic Inscriptions (§229) 124 The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial (§230) 124 iv
Language (§§231-235) 125 Changes in English (§231) 125 The Danish Invasions
(§232) 126 The Norman Conquest (§233) 127 Vocabulary (§234) 127 Some
Questions (§235) 128 v Literature (§§236-251) 128 Introduction (§§236-246)
128 Poetry (§§247-249) 134 Prose (§§250-251) 135 7 Select Bibliography
(§§252-269) 137 General (§252) 137 Chapter 1 Preliminary Remarks on the
Language (§253) 137 Chapter 2 Orthography and Pronunciation (§254) 138
Chapter 3 Inflexions (§254) 138 Chapter 4 Word Formation (§255) 138 Chapter
5 Syntax (§256) 138 Chapter 6 Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Studies
(§§257-269) 139 History (§257) 139 Archaeology (§258) 139 Language
(§§259-261) 140 History of English Prose (§259) 140 Vocabulary (§§260-261)
140 Word Formation 140 Changes of Meaning (§260) 140 Borrowings (§261) 140
Literature (§§262-269) 141 Topics Raised in §§236-246 (§262) 141 General
Criticism (§263) 141 Poetry Texts (§264) 141 Appreciation of the Poetry
(§265) 143 The Use of Oral Formulae (§266) 143 Metre (§267) 143 Prose Texts
(§268) 144 Sources (§269) 144 Appendix A Strong Verbs 146 Appendix B Some
Effects of i-Mutation 154 Appendix C Metre 156 Appendix D List of
Linguistic Terms Used in this Book 163 Appendix E The Moods of Old English
174 Appendix F Grimm's and Verner's Laws 175 PART TWO: PROSE AND VERSE
TEXTS. 1 Practice Sentences 179 2 Two Old Testament Pieces 181 The Fall of
Man 182 Abraham and Isaac 186 3 A Colloquy on the Occupations 190 4 Two
Characteristic Prose Works by Ælfric 198 Preface to Genesis 198 St. Edmund,
King and Martyr 203 5 Alfred the Great's Preface to his Translation of
Gregory's Pastoral Care 212 6 Cynewulf and Cyneheard 216 7 Selections from
the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 220 8 Bede's Account of the Conversion of King
Edwin 224 9 Bede's Account of the Poet Cædmon 228 10 The Goths and
Boethius: Prose and Verse from the Introduction to King Alfred's Boethius
Translation 234 11 (a)-(p) Riddles 239 12 The Battle of Maldon 249 13 The
Ruin 261 14 The Dream of the Rood 264 15 The Wife's Lament 272 16 The
Wanderer 276 17 The Seafarer 284 18 Four excerpts from Beowulf 291 Prologue
294 (a) Beowulf's Fight with Grendel 296 (b) Beowulf Consoles Hrothgar for
Æschere's Death 303 (c) The Lament of the Last Survivor 306 (d) Beowulf's
Funeral 307 19 Wulf and Eadwacer 309 20 Judith 312 21 Cotton Gnomes or
Maxims 325 22 Sermo Lupi ad Anglos 329 Glossary 337 Indexes to Part One 418
Index of Subjects 418 Index of Words 422
"Mitchell and Robinson's A Guide to Old English, now available in its eighth edition, is an invaluable resource for teaching and delighting students of Old English. It is unsurpassed in its combination of a meticulously scholarly approach with a wide-ranging selection of Old English texts. The authors' enthusiasm for the subject is evident on every page and carries the reader with it." -- Susan Irvine, University College London
"This is still the most comprehensive introduction to Old English available, providing detailed analysis of the language, literature, history, and culture of the Anglo-Saxons. This new edition expands on the changes in languages, and provides additional material on Beowulf."
--Stuart Lee, Oxford University
"Mitchell and Robinson's A Guide to Old English, now available in its eighth edition, is an invaluable resource for teaching and delighting students of Old English. It is unsurpassed in its combination of a meticulously scholarly approach with a wide-ranging selection of Old English texts. The authors' enthusiasm for the subject is evident on every page and carries the reader with it."
--Susan Irvine, University College London
--Stuart Lee, Oxford University
"Mitchell and Robinson's A Guide to Old English, now available in its eighth edition, is an invaluable resource for teaching and delighting students of Old English. It is unsurpassed in its combination of a meticulously scholarly approach with a wide-ranging selection of Old English texts. The authors' enthusiasm for the subject is evident on every page and carries the reader with it."
--Susan Irvine, University College London