CBRN Protection (eBook, ePUB)

Managing the Threat of Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear Weapons

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Originating in the armed forces of the early 20th century, weapons based on chemical, biological or nuclear agents have become an everpresent threat that has not vanished after the end of the cold war. Since the technology to produce these agents is nowadays available to many countries and organizations, including those with terrorist aims, civil authorities across the world need to prepare against incidents involving these agents and train their personnel accordingly. As an introductory text on NBC CBRN weapons and agents, this book leads the reader from the scientific basics to the current threats and strategies to prepare against them. After an introductory part on the history of NBC CBRN weapons and their international control, the three classes of nuclear/radiological, biological, and chemical weapons are introduced, focusing on agents and delivery vehicles. Current methods for the rapid detection of NBC CBRN agents are introduced, and the principles of physical protection of humans and structures are explained. The final parts addresses more general issues of risk management, preparedness and response management, as the set of tools that authorities and civil services will be needed in a future CBRN scenario as well as the likely future scenarios that authorities and civil services will be faced with in the coming years. This book is a must-have for Health Officers, Public Health Agencies, and Military Authorities.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley-VCH
• Seitenzahl: 514
• Erscheinungstermin: 1. März 2013
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783527650187
• Artikelnr.: 37760502

Autorenporträt

Andre Richardt has obtained his academic degrees from University Cologne in 1991 (Dipl. Degree in Genetics), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg (Dr. rer. nat Degree in Microbiology) in 1997 and Helmut-Schmidt-University, Hamburg (Dr. habil Degree in Biotechnology) in 2006. Currently, he is head of Biological and Chemical Decontamination business area at the Bundeswehr Research Institute for Protective Technologies and NBC Protection in Munster, Germany. Most of his career he has been working for the German Armed Forces in the field of CBRN-protection. From 2004 to 2005 he worked at dstl, PortonDown, Great Britain. In the special field catalytic decontamination of biological and chemical warfare agents he has been working for over ten years in national and international working-groups. His current research interests include investigations of non-thermal inactivation of biological and chemical agents as well as the control of the efficiency of a decontamination process. Currently, he is also a lecturer at the Helmut-Schmidt-University, Hamburg and he tutors young officers in the field of CBRN-protection. He is a member in several working groups dealing with fundamental technical and scientific aspects of CBRN protection. Dr. Birgit Hülseweh studied Biology at the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Germany with a focus on Microbiology, Molecularbiology and Organic Chemistry. There she received her Diploma in 1990 and did her doctoral thesis (PhD) at the Institute of Microbiology. From 1994 to 1998 she was as a post-doc at the Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology in Dortmund, Germany and for another 4 year period she worked as a scientific assistant at the University of Essen-Duisburg, Germany. From 2001 to 2002 she was the head of the scientific laboratory of Alpha Technology GmbH in Cologne, Germany, a biotech company, which dealt with the spotting, production and electrical read-out of microarrays for microbial diagnostics. In 2003 she joined as a senior scientist the department of Virology at the Bundeswehr Research Institute for Protective Technologies and NBC Protection in Munster, Germany. Her research focuses on innovative technologies for the identification of microorganisms and her scientific interests include all aspects of real-time-PCR methods, array applications as well as innovative applications of nanotechnology. Dr. Hülseweh has extensive experience in Molecular and Cellular Biology as well as in Immunology and Biochemistry. She is the author of diverse peer reviewed scientific publications and tutors several PhD-students. She has been working as scientific advisor in national and international working-groups and takes care for several international scientific co-operations. Bernd Niemeyer studied Chemical Engineering and obtained his German Diploma degree (Dipl.-Ing.) at the University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany in 1986. His following PhD work focused in the field of bio engineering at the same University. He obtained his PhD-degree in 1990. As Post-doc he visited the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) in Lower Hutt (New Zealand) for one year and researched into separation technologies for health and chemical engineering topics. After his comeback he worked for the Deutsche Aerospace AG (later named DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG) and the company Thermoselect Suedwest GmbH. He designed, constructed and commissioned new waste treatment plants for ammunition disposal (newly invented process) as well as for municipal waste processing. Since 1996 he leads the Chair of "Process Engineering with focus on Separation Technology" at the Helmut-Schmidt-University / University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg in combination with the Research Group "Molecular Recognition and Separation" at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Material Science and Coastal Research. His research interests are applicable for CBRN-safety (analyses and decontamination of biological warfare agents a

Inhaltsangabe

PREFACE PART I: History and Treaties in CBRN - Warfare and Terrorism A GLANCE BACK - MYTHS AND FACTS ABOUT CBRN INCIDENTS Introduction History of Chemical Warfare Introduction to Biological Warfare Introduction to Radiological and Nuclear Warfare INTERNATIONAL TREATIES - ONLY A MATTER FOR DIPLOMATS? Introduction to the Minefield of Negotiations Why It Is so Difficult to Implement International Regulations? Historic Development of Treaties - the Link to the Incidents Today's System of Treaties - a Global Network Nuclear Weapons Organizations Conclusions and Where Does the Road Lead? PART II: CBRN Characteristics - Is There Something Inimitable? CHEMICAL AGENTS - SMALL MOLECULES WITH DEADLY PROPERTIES Are Special Properties Required for Chemical Warfare Agents? How can we Classify Chemical Warfare Agents? Properties of Chemical Warfare Agents Choking and Irritant Agents Incapacitating Agents Dissemination Systems of Chemical Warfare Agents Conclusions and Outlook CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS - DIVERSITY OF BIOLOGY What Is Special? Types of Biological Agents Risk Classification of Biological and Biological Warfare Agents Routes of Entry Origin, Spreading, and Availability The Biological Event - Borderline to Pandemics, Endemics, and Epidemics The Bane of Biotechnology - Genetically Engineered Pathogens Conclusions and Outlook CHARACTERISTICS OF NUCLEAR AND RADIOLOGICAL WEAPONS Introduction to Nuclear Explosions Direct Effects Indirect Effects Radiological Weapons PART III: CBRN Sensors - Key Technology for an Effective CBRN Countermeasure Strategy WHY ARE RELIABLE CBRN DETECTOR TECHNOLOGIES NEEDED? Introduction A Concept to Track CBRN Substances Low-Level Exposure and Operational Risk Management Conclusions and Outlook ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS - SEARCHING FOR MOLECULES Analytical Chemistry - the Scientific Basis for Searching Molecules Standards for Chemical Warfare Agent Sensor Systems and Criteria for Deployment False Alarm Rate and Limit of Sensitivity Technologies for Chemical Warfare Agent Sensor Systems Testing of Chemical Warfare Agent Detectors Conclusions and Future Developments DETECTION AND ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS What Makes the Difference? The Ideal Detection and Identification Platform Bioaerosols: Particulate and Biological Background Aerosol Detection - A Tool for Threat Monitoring Identification of Biological Warfare Agents Developing and Upcoming Technologies Conclusions MEASUREMENT OF IONIZING RADIATION Why Is Detection of Ionizing Radiation So Important? Physical Quantities used to Describe Radioactivity and Ionizing Radiation Different Measuring Tasks Concerning Ionizing Radiation Basics of Radiation Detectors Gamma Dose Rate and Detection of Gamma Radiation Conclusions and Outlook PART IV: Technologies for Physical Protection FILTER TECHNOLOGY - CLEAN AIR IS REQUIRED Filters - Needed Technology Equipment for Collective and Individual Protection General Considerations What are the Principles for Filtration and Air-Cleaning? Test Methods Selection Process for CBRN Filters Conclusions and Outlook INDIVIDUAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - DO YOU KNOW WHAT TO WEAR? Basics of Individual Protection Which Challenges for Individual Protection Equipment (IPE) Can Be Identified? The Way to Design Individual Protective Equipment Function Ergonomics - a Key Element for Individual Protection Equipment Donning and Doffing - Training Is Required Overview of IPE Items - They Have to Act in Concert Quality Assurance Workplace Safety Future Prospects COLLECTIVE PROTECTION - A SECURE AREA IN A TOXIC ENVIRONMENT Why Is Collective Protection of Interest? Collective Protection Systems - Required for Different Scenarios Basic Design Conclusions and Outlook PART V: Cleanup after a CBRN Event DECONTAMINATION OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS - WHAT IS THOROUGH? What Is Decontamination? Dispersal and Fate of Chemical Warfare Agents Decontamination Media for Chemical Warfare Agents Selected Chemica