Carbofuran and Wildlife Poisoning (eBook, PDF)

Global Perspectives and Forensic Approaches
Redaktion: Richards, Ngaio

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

This cutting-edge title is one of the first devoted entirely to the issue of carbofuran and wildlife mortality. It features a compilation of international contributions from policy-makers, researchers, conservationists and forensic practitioners and provides a summary of the history and mode of action of carbofuran, and its current global use. It covers wildlife mortality stemming from legal and illegal uses to this point, outlines wildlife rehabilitation, forensic and conservation approaches, and discuss global trends in responding to the wildlife mortality. The subject of carbofuran is very timely because of recent parallel discussions to withdraw and reinstate the insecticide in different parts of the world. Incidences of intentional and unintentional wildlife poisonings using carbofuran are undeniably on the rise, especially in Africa and India and gatherings of stakeholders are being organized and convened on a global basis. There is still a need to consolidate information on the different experiences and approaches taken by stakeholders. Carbofuran and Wildlife Poisoning is a comprehensive overview of global wildlife mortality, forensic developments and monitoring techniques and is a definitive reference on the subject. It comprises of historical and current perspectives, contributions from key stakeholders in the issue of global wildlife poisonings with carbofuran, people on the ground who deal with the immediate and long-term ramifications to wildlife, those who have proposed or are working towards mitigative measures and solutions, those in contact with intentional or unintentional 'offenders', those who have adapted and developed forensic methodology and are gathering evidence. "Carbofuran and Wildlife Poisoning is a collection of meticulously researched papers from all around the world that provide shocking facts about the effects of a deadly insecticide on wildlife. The book discusses the hundreds of thousands of animals, from elephants to fish, that are poisoned each year, the efforts to rehabilitate those which have been rescued, and the often heroic efforts to ban or reduce the use of the deadly chemical. This book is a must for all those concerned with the problem." --Jane Goodall, PhD, DBE, Founder - the Jane Goodall Institute & UN Messenger of Peace, October 2011

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 304
• Erscheinungstermin: 11. November 2011
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119998549
• Artikelnr.: 38267873

Autorenporträt

Ngaio Richards is editor of Carbofuran and Wildlife Poisoning: Global Perspectives and Forensic Approaches, published by Wiley. Ngaio ran a session on Wildlife Forensics at the Environmental Forensics Conference in Bournemouth in 2007 which attracted widespread interest.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xi Acknowledgements xiii Contributor biographies xv 1 An overview
of the chemistry, manufacture, environmental fate and detection of
carbofuran 1 Stephen Donovan, Mark Taggart, Ngaio Richards 1.1 Introduction
1 1.2 The chemistry and mode of action of carbofuran 1 1.3 Manufacture and
formulation of carbofuran 4 1.4 Carbofuran in the environment 5 1.5
Analytical methods used to detect carbofuran 8 1.6 Conclusions 17 2
Carbofuran: Toxicity, diagnosing poisoning and rehabilitation of poisoned
birds 19 Pierre Mineau, Stuart Porter, Carol Uphoff Meteyer 2.1 Acute
toxicity of carbofuran to birds and mammals 19 2.2 Exposure routes for the
liquid formulation 22 2.3 Exposure routes for granular carbofuran
formulations 23 2.4 The time course of carbofuran intoxication 26 2.5
Physiological effects and signs of intoxication 27 2.6 Physical field
evidence and necropsy findings in poisonings due to AChE inhibiting
compounds with special emphasis on carbofuran 28 2.7 Chemical and
biochemical diagnosis of a carbofuran kill 31 2.8 Rehabilitation of
poisoned wildlife 33 2.9 Conclusion 34 3 A chronicling of long-standing
carbofuran use and its menace to wildlife in Kenya 39 3.1 Introduction 39
Joseph O. Lalah, Peter O. Otieno, Ngaio Richards 3.2 Background on
pesticide use and environmental monitoring in Kenya 43 Joseph O. Lalah and
Peter O. Otieno 3.3 Measuring the conservation threat that deliberate
poisoning poses to birds in Kenya: The case of pesticide hunting with
Furadan in the Bunyala Rice Irrigation Scheme 53 Martin Odino 3.4 The role
of carbofuran in the decline of lions and other carnivores in Kenya 70
Laurence Frank, Alayne Cotterill, Stephanie Dolrenry, Leela Hazzah 3.5
Threats of secondary Furadan poisoning to scavengers, especially vultures,
in Kenya 74 Darcy Ogada 3.6 Forensic analysis of carbofuran in vultures and
environmental samples collected from Laikipia and Isiolo districts 77 Peter
Otieno, Joseph O. Lalah, Munir Z. Virani 3.7 Repercussions of pesticides
(including carbofuran) on nontarget, benefi cial insects and use of insects
in forensic analyses in Kenya 81 Dino J. Martins 3.8 Analytical, legal and
regulatory mechanisms in Kenya 84 Joseph O. Lalah and Peter O. Otieno 3.9
General conclusions on carbofuran use, misuse and monitoring in Kenya 87
Joseph Lalah and Peter Otieno 4 Mitigating human-wildlife conflict and
retaliatory poisonings in India to preserve biodiversity and maintain
sustainable livelihoods 99 Venkataramanan, R. and Sreekumar, C. 4.1
Introduction 99 4.2 Conservation measures and human-wildlife conflicts 100
4.3 Types of human-wildlife confl ict 101 4.4 Regulation and management of
human-wildlife conflict 105 4.5 Use of carbofuran in India 109 4.6 Use of
carbofuran in relation to other compounds 110 4.7 Diagnosing carbofuran
poisoning in India 110 4.8 Forensic facilities and analyses in India 112
4.9 Case studies: use of carbofuran for poisoning in relation to other
compounds 113 4.10 Potential short and long-term solutions 121 4.11
Mitigation of human-wildlife conflicts 123 4.12 Conclusion 127 5 Regulation
of carbofuran and its use to poison wildlife in the European Union and the
rest of Europe 132 5.1 Introduction 132 5.2 Intentional poisoning of
piscivorous species and other wildlife with carbofuran in the Czech
Republic 135 Lukás Poledník, Katerina Poledníková, Jitka Vetrovcová, Václav
Hlavác 5.3 Persecution and poisoning of birds of prey in the Netherlands
139 Hugh Jansman, Peter van Tulden 5.4 Initiatives underway to protect
wildlife from carbofuran poisoning in Austria 144 Christian Pichler,
Hermann Ammer 5.5 Use of specialised canine units to detect poisoned baits
and recover forensic evidence in Andalucía (Southern Spain) 147 Iñigo
Fajardo, Antonio Ruiz, Irene Zorrilla, Antonio Valero, Isabel Fernández,
Ernesto Sáez, F.M. Molino, Jesús Olivares 5.6 Sociopolitical and rural
influences on the management and monitoring of carbofuran and its use to
poison wildlife in Hungary 155 Péter Bedo" 5.7 Leisure-based human-wildlife
conflicts arising from the introduction of game species and repercussions
to vultures across Croatia 157 Gordana Pavokovic 6 Perspectives on wildlife
poisoning by carbofuran in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland -
with a particular focus on Scotland 171 6.1 An overview of the registration
and withdrawal of carbofuran products 171 6.2 An overview of human-wildlife
conflicts in the UK and ROI 173 6.3 The effect of carbofuran poisoning and
other illegal persecution methods on raptor populations in Scotland 174
Ruth E. Tingay 6.4 A landowner's perspective on wildlife poisoning in
Scotland 178 Douglas McAdam 6.5 Monitoring carbofuran abuse in Scotland 181
Michael J. Taylor 7 A Latin American perspective: the environmental impact
of farming wheat and rice treated with carbofuran and Rhodamine B on
Brazilian wild birds 189 Alexandre de Almeida and Álvaro Fernando de
Almeida 7.1 Introduction 189 7.2 Materials and methods 192 7.3 Results and
discussion: biological aspects of the environmental impact caused by
carbofuran and Rhodamine B on Brazilian wild birds 195 8 Impacts of
carbofuran on birds in Canada and the United States 208 Pierre Mineau,
Linda Lyon, Stella McMillin 8.1 Introduction and short registration history
of carbofuran in North America 208 8.2 Impacts from the sandcore (silica)
granular formulations 210 8.3 Impacts from the corncob granular formulation
222 8.4 Impacts from the flowable (liquid) formulation 225 8.5 Evidence for
secondary poisoning impacts with any formulation type 241 8.6 Impacts
resulting from abuse cases regardless of formulation 242 8.7 Conclusions
243 9 Conclusions, recommendations and the way forward 251 Ngaio Richards
9.1 Wildlife mortality stemming from intentional misuse and legal/labelled
use of carbofuran 251 9.2 Overall recommendations and the way forward 253
Appendix 260 References 261 Index 263