Further Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography and New Strategies for Their Production, Volume 2
Herausgegeben von Scott, Peter J. H.; Kilbourn, Michael R.
Further Radiopharmaceuticals for Positron Emission Tomography and New Strategies for Their Production, Volume 2
Herausgegeben von Scott, Peter J. H.; Kilbourn, Michael R.
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This book describes methods and procedures for preparing PET radiopharmaceuticals, and highlights new methods for conducting radiochemical reactions with carbon-11 (C11) and fluorine-18 (F18), which are two of the most commonly used radionuclides in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
- Provides reliable methods for radiochemical syntheses and reactions, including all essential information to duplicate the procedure - Eliminates the time-consuming process of searching journal articles and extracting pertinent details from lengthy experimental sections or supporting information -…mehr
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This book describes methods and procedures for preparing PET radiopharmaceuticals, and highlights new methods for conducting radiochemical reactions with carbon-11 (C11) and fluorine-18 (F18), which are two of the most commonly used radionuclides in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
- Provides reliable methods for radiochemical syntheses and reactions, including all essential information to duplicate the procedure
- Eliminates the time-consuming process of searching journal articles and extracting pertinent details from lengthy experimental sections or supporting information
- Focuses on an emerging and important area for pharmaceutical and medical applications
- Encompasses technical, regulatory, and application aspects
- Includes solid-phase radiochemistry, transition-metal catalyzed radiochemistry, microfluidics, click chemistry, green radiochemistry and new strategies for radiopharmaceutical quality control
- Provides reliable methods for radiochemical syntheses and reactions, including all essential information to duplicate the procedure
- Eliminates the time-consuming process of searching journal articles and extracting pertinent details from lengthy experimental sections or supporting information
- Focuses on an emerging and important area for pharmaceutical and medical applications
- Encompasses technical, regulatory, and application aspects
- Includes solid-phase radiochemistry, transition-metal catalyzed radiochemistry, microfluidics, click chemistry, green radiochemistry and new strategies for radiopharmaceutical quality control
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Wiley Series on Radiochemical Syntheses .2
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 288
- Erscheinungstermin: 15. Juni 2015
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 241mm x 161mm x 22mm
- Gewicht: 542g
- ISBN-13: 9781118237847
- ISBN-10: 1118237846
- Artikelnr.: 41562893
- Wiley Series on Radiochemical Syntheses .2
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 288
- Erscheinungstermin: 15. Juni 2015
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 241mm x 161mm x 22mm
- Gewicht: 542g
- ISBN-13: 9781118237847
- ISBN-10: 1118237846
- Artikelnr.: 41562893
Peter J. H. Scott is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiology at the University of Michigan Medical School (USA), Director of the University of Michigan PET Center (USA) and a member of the Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry. Professor Scott edited Linker Strategies in Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis (also from Wiley) and is the series editor for both the Wiley Series on Radiochemical Syntheses and the Wiley Series on Solid Phase Organic Syntheses.
Contributors xi Editorial Preface xvii Abbreviations xix PART I FLUORINE-18 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 1 1. Synthesis of (.)-[18F]Flubatine ([18F]FLBT) 3 Megan N. Stewart
Brian G. Hockley
and Peter J. H. Scott 2. Synthesis of [18F]-(.)Fluoroethoxy Benzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) 13 Brian G. Hockley
Megan N. Stewart
and Peter J. H. Scott 3. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromethylcholine ([18F]FCH) via [18F]Fluoromethyl Tosylate 21 Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
Brian G. Hockley
Bradford D. Henderson
and Peter J. H. Scott 4. Radiosynthesis of [18F]Flotegatide ([18F]RGD-K5) 29 Hartmuth C. Kolb
Fanrong Mu
Umesh Gangadharmath
Vani P. Mocharla
Zhihong Zhu
Ashok Chaudhary
and Joseph C. Walsh 5. Synthesis of 3-[18F]Fluoro-5-(2-Pyridinylethynyl) Benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB) 41 Steven H. Liang
Daniel L. Yokell
Raul N. Jackson
Peter A. Rice
Eli Livni
David Alagille
Gilles Tamagnan
Thomas Lee Collier
and Neil Vasdev 6. Radiosynthesis of 2'-Deoxy-2'-[18F]Fluoro-5-Methyl-1-ß-d-Arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]FMAU) 53 Kai Chen and Peter S. Conti PART II CARBON-11 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 63 7. Synthesis of N-[11C]Methyl-4-Piperidinyl Propionate ([11C]PMP) 65 Xia Shao and Peter J. H. Scott 8. Synthesis of 1-(2
4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-Cyano-5-(4-[11C]methoxyphenyl)-N-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1H-Pyrazole-3-Carboxamide ([11C]OMAR) 73 Xia Shao
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 9. Synthesis of Carbon-11 Labeled (+)-4-Propyl-3
4
4a
5
6
10b-Hexahydro-2H-Naphtho[1
2-b][1
4]Oxazin-9-Ol ([11C]-(+)-PHNO) 81 Christophe Plisson
Joaquim Ramada-Magalhaes
and Jan Passchier 10. Synthesis of (R)-[N-Methyl-11C]PK11195 93 Vítor H. Alves
Antero J. Abrunhosa
and Miguel Castelo-Branco PART III OTHER RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 103 11. Synthesis of Oxygen-15 Water ([15O]H2O) 105 David W. Dick and G. Leonard Watkins PART IV NEW METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 115 12. Direct
Nucleophilic Radiosynthesis of [18F]Trifluoroethyl Tosylate 117 Patrick J. Riss
Waqas Rafique
and Franklin I. Aigbirhio 13. Synthesis of [18F]N-Methyl Lansoprazole via Generation of a [18F]Trifluoromethyl Group 123 Allen F. Brooks
Melissa E. Rodnick
Garret M. Carpenter
and Peter J. H. Scott 14. [18F]Fluorination of (Mesityl)(Aryl)Iodonium Salts 129 Naoko Ichiishi
Allen F. Brooks
Joseph J. Topczewski
Melissa E. Rodnick
Melanie S. Sanford
and Peter J. H. Scott 15. Pd(IV)-Mediated Fluorination of Arenes with [18F]F- for PET Imaging 139 Nathan J. Schauer
Stephen M. Carlin
Hong Ren
and Jacob M. Hooker 16. Silicon Fluoride Acceptors (SIFAs) for Peptide and Protein Labeling with 18F 149 Ralf Schirrmacher
Alexey Kostikov
Carmen Wängler
Klaus Jurkschat
Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
Esther Schirrmacher
and Björn Wängler 17. Solid Phase Synthesis of [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose: A Resin-Linker-Vector (RLV) Approach 163 Lynda J. Brown
Imtiaz Khan
Harry J. Wadsworth
Alexander Jackson
Nianchun Ma
Nicolas Millot
Sue M. Champion
Denis R. Bouvet
Alex M. Gibson
and Richard C. D. Brown 18. Production and Reaction of [11C]Carbon Disulfide for the Synthesis of [11C]Dithiocarbamates 177 Philip W. Miller 19. One-Pot
Direct Incorporation of [11CO2] into Carbamates 185 Christian K. Moseley and Jacob M. Hooker 20. Radiosynthesis of [11C]Carboxamides via Reaction of [11C]CO2 Captured by a Cu(I)-Based Catalyst System with Boronic Acid Ester Precursors 197 Patrick J. Riss
Shuiyu Lu
Sanjay Telu
Franklin I. Aigbirhio
and Victor W. Pike 21. Ethanol as a Solvent for Carbon-11 Radiochemistry 207 Xia Shao
Maria V. Fawaz
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 22. Synthesis and Applications of [11C]Hydrogen Cyanide 233 Xia Shao
Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
and Peter J. H. Scott 23. Determination of Radiochemical Purity and Radiochemical Identity of [13N]NH3 Using Thin Layer Chromatography 241 Peter A. Rice and Daniel L. Yokell Appendix 1: Supplier Information 247 Index 253
Brian G. Hockley
and Peter J. H. Scott 2. Synthesis of [18F]-(.)Fluoroethoxy Benzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) 13 Brian G. Hockley
Megan N. Stewart
and Peter J. H. Scott 3. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromethylcholine ([18F]FCH) via [18F]Fluoromethyl Tosylate 21 Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
Brian G. Hockley
Bradford D. Henderson
and Peter J. H. Scott 4. Radiosynthesis of [18F]Flotegatide ([18F]RGD-K5) 29 Hartmuth C. Kolb
Fanrong Mu
Umesh Gangadharmath
Vani P. Mocharla
Zhihong Zhu
Ashok Chaudhary
and Joseph C. Walsh 5. Synthesis of 3-[18F]Fluoro-5-(2-Pyridinylethynyl) Benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB) 41 Steven H. Liang
Daniel L. Yokell
Raul N. Jackson
Peter A. Rice
Eli Livni
David Alagille
Gilles Tamagnan
Thomas Lee Collier
and Neil Vasdev 6. Radiosynthesis of 2'-Deoxy-2'-[18F]Fluoro-5-Methyl-1-ß-d-Arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]FMAU) 53 Kai Chen and Peter S. Conti PART II CARBON-11 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 63 7. Synthesis of N-[11C]Methyl-4-Piperidinyl Propionate ([11C]PMP) 65 Xia Shao and Peter J. H. Scott 8. Synthesis of 1-(2
4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-Cyano-5-(4-[11C]methoxyphenyl)-N-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1H-Pyrazole-3-Carboxamide ([11C]OMAR) 73 Xia Shao
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 9. Synthesis of Carbon-11 Labeled (+)-4-Propyl-3
4
4a
5
6
10b-Hexahydro-2H-Naphtho[1
2-b][1
4]Oxazin-9-Ol ([11C]-(+)-PHNO) 81 Christophe Plisson
Joaquim Ramada-Magalhaes
and Jan Passchier 10. Synthesis of (R)-[N-Methyl-11C]PK11195 93 Vítor H. Alves
Antero J. Abrunhosa
and Miguel Castelo-Branco PART III OTHER RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 103 11. Synthesis of Oxygen-15 Water ([15O]H2O) 105 David W. Dick and G. Leonard Watkins PART IV NEW METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 115 12. Direct
Nucleophilic Radiosynthesis of [18F]Trifluoroethyl Tosylate 117 Patrick J. Riss
Waqas Rafique
and Franklin I. Aigbirhio 13. Synthesis of [18F]N-Methyl Lansoprazole via Generation of a [18F]Trifluoromethyl Group 123 Allen F. Brooks
Melissa E. Rodnick
Garret M. Carpenter
and Peter J. H. Scott 14. [18F]Fluorination of (Mesityl)(Aryl)Iodonium Salts 129 Naoko Ichiishi
Allen F. Brooks
Joseph J. Topczewski
Melissa E. Rodnick
Melanie S. Sanford
and Peter J. H. Scott 15. Pd(IV)-Mediated Fluorination of Arenes with [18F]F- for PET Imaging 139 Nathan J. Schauer
Stephen M. Carlin
Hong Ren
and Jacob M. Hooker 16. Silicon Fluoride Acceptors (SIFAs) for Peptide and Protein Labeling with 18F 149 Ralf Schirrmacher
Alexey Kostikov
Carmen Wängler
Klaus Jurkschat
Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
Esther Schirrmacher
and Björn Wängler 17. Solid Phase Synthesis of [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose: A Resin-Linker-Vector (RLV) Approach 163 Lynda J. Brown
Imtiaz Khan
Harry J. Wadsworth
Alexander Jackson
Nianchun Ma
Nicolas Millot
Sue M. Champion
Denis R. Bouvet
Alex M. Gibson
and Richard C. D. Brown 18. Production and Reaction of [11C]Carbon Disulfide for the Synthesis of [11C]Dithiocarbamates 177 Philip W. Miller 19. One-Pot
Direct Incorporation of [11CO2] into Carbamates 185 Christian K. Moseley and Jacob M. Hooker 20. Radiosynthesis of [11C]Carboxamides via Reaction of [11C]CO2 Captured by a Cu(I)-Based Catalyst System with Boronic Acid Ester Precursors 197 Patrick J. Riss
Shuiyu Lu
Sanjay Telu
Franklin I. Aigbirhio
and Victor W. Pike 21. Ethanol as a Solvent for Carbon-11 Radiochemistry 207 Xia Shao
Maria V. Fawaz
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 22. Synthesis and Applications of [11C]Hydrogen Cyanide 233 Xia Shao
Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
and Peter J. H. Scott 23. Determination of Radiochemical Purity and Radiochemical Identity of [13N]NH3 Using Thin Layer Chromatography 241 Peter A. Rice and Daniel L. Yokell Appendix 1: Supplier Information 247 Index 253
Contributors xi Editorial Preface xvii Abbreviations xix PART I FLUORINE-18 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 1 1. Synthesis of (.)-[18F]Flubatine ([18F]FLBT) 3 Megan N. Stewart
Brian G. Hockley
and Peter J. H. Scott 2. Synthesis of [18F]-(.)Fluoroethoxy Benzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) 13 Brian G. Hockley
Megan N. Stewart
and Peter J. H. Scott 3. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromethylcholine ([18F]FCH) via [18F]Fluoromethyl Tosylate 21 Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
Brian G. Hockley
Bradford D. Henderson
and Peter J. H. Scott 4. Radiosynthesis of [18F]Flotegatide ([18F]RGD-K5) 29 Hartmuth C. Kolb
Fanrong Mu
Umesh Gangadharmath
Vani P. Mocharla
Zhihong Zhu
Ashok Chaudhary
and Joseph C. Walsh 5. Synthesis of 3-[18F]Fluoro-5-(2-Pyridinylethynyl) Benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB) 41 Steven H. Liang
Daniel L. Yokell
Raul N. Jackson
Peter A. Rice
Eli Livni
David Alagille
Gilles Tamagnan
Thomas Lee Collier
and Neil Vasdev 6. Radiosynthesis of 2'-Deoxy-2'-[18F]Fluoro-5-Methyl-1-ß-d-Arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]FMAU) 53 Kai Chen and Peter S. Conti PART II CARBON-11 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 63 7. Synthesis of N-[11C]Methyl-4-Piperidinyl Propionate ([11C]PMP) 65 Xia Shao and Peter J. H. Scott 8. Synthesis of 1-(2
4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-Cyano-5-(4-[11C]methoxyphenyl)-N-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1H-Pyrazole-3-Carboxamide ([11C]OMAR) 73 Xia Shao
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 9. Synthesis of Carbon-11 Labeled (+)-4-Propyl-3
4
4a
5
6
10b-Hexahydro-2H-Naphtho[1
2-b][1
4]Oxazin-9-Ol ([11C]-(+)-PHNO) 81 Christophe Plisson
Joaquim Ramada-Magalhaes
and Jan Passchier 10. Synthesis of (R)-[N-Methyl-11C]PK11195 93 Vítor H. Alves
Antero J. Abrunhosa
and Miguel Castelo-Branco PART III OTHER RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 103 11. Synthesis of Oxygen-15 Water ([15O]H2O) 105 David W. Dick and G. Leonard Watkins PART IV NEW METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 115 12. Direct
Nucleophilic Radiosynthesis of [18F]Trifluoroethyl Tosylate 117 Patrick J. Riss
Waqas Rafique
and Franklin I. Aigbirhio 13. Synthesis of [18F]N-Methyl Lansoprazole via Generation of a [18F]Trifluoromethyl Group 123 Allen F. Brooks
Melissa E. Rodnick
Garret M. Carpenter
and Peter J. H. Scott 14. [18F]Fluorination of (Mesityl)(Aryl)Iodonium Salts 129 Naoko Ichiishi
Allen F. Brooks
Joseph J. Topczewski
Melissa E. Rodnick
Melanie S. Sanford
and Peter J. H. Scott 15. Pd(IV)-Mediated Fluorination of Arenes with [18F]F- for PET Imaging 139 Nathan J. Schauer
Stephen M. Carlin
Hong Ren
and Jacob M. Hooker 16. Silicon Fluoride Acceptors (SIFAs) for Peptide and Protein Labeling with 18F 149 Ralf Schirrmacher
Alexey Kostikov
Carmen Wängler
Klaus Jurkschat
Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
Esther Schirrmacher
and Björn Wängler 17. Solid Phase Synthesis of [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose: A Resin-Linker-Vector (RLV) Approach 163 Lynda J. Brown
Imtiaz Khan
Harry J. Wadsworth
Alexander Jackson
Nianchun Ma
Nicolas Millot
Sue M. Champion
Denis R. Bouvet
Alex M. Gibson
and Richard C. D. Brown 18. Production and Reaction of [11C]Carbon Disulfide for the Synthesis of [11C]Dithiocarbamates 177 Philip W. Miller 19. One-Pot
Direct Incorporation of [11CO2] into Carbamates 185 Christian K. Moseley and Jacob M. Hooker 20. Radiosynthesis of [11C]Carboxamides via Reaction of [11C]CO2 Captured by a Cu(I)-Based Catalyst System with Boronic Acid Ester Precursors 197 Patrick J. Riss
Shuiyu Lu
Sanjay Telu
Franklin I. Aigbirhio
and Victor W. Pike 21. Ethanol as a Solvent for Carbon-11 Radiochemistry 207 Xia Shao
Maria V. Fawaz
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 22. Synthesis and Applications of [11C]Hydrogen Cyanide 233 Xia Shao
Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
and Peter J. H. Scott 23. Determination of Radiochemical Purity and Radiochemical Identity of [13N]NH3 Using Thin Layer Chromatography 241 Peter A. Rice and Daniel L. Yokell Appendix 1: Supplier Information 247 Index 253
Brian G. Hockley
and Peter J. H. Scott 2. Synthesis of [18F]-(.)Fluoroethoxy Benzovesamicol ([18F]FEOBV) 13 Brian G. Hockley
Megan N. Stewart
and Peter J. H. Scott 3. Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromethylcholine ([18F]FCH) via [18F]Fluoromethyl Tosylate 21 Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
Brian G. Hockley
Bradford D. Henderson
and Peter J. H. Scott 4. Radiosynthesis of [18F]Flotegatide ([18F]RGD-K5) 29 Hartmuth C. Kolb
Fanrong Mu
Umesh Gangadharmath
Vani P. Mocharla
Zhihong Zhu
Ashok Chaudhary
and Joseph C. Walsh 5. Synthesis of 3-[18F]Fluoro-5-(2-Pyridinylethynyl) Benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB) 41 Steven H. Liang
Daniel L. Yokell
Raul N. Jackson
Peter A. Rice
Eli Livni
David Alagille
Gilles Tamagnan
Thomas Lee Collier
and Neil Vasdev 6. Radiosynthesis of 2'-Deoxy-2'-[18F]Fluoro-5-Methyl-1-ß-d-Arabinofuranosyluracil ([18F]FMAU) 53 Kai Chen and Peter S. Conti PART II CARBON-11 LABELED RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 63 7. Synthesis of N-[11C]Methyl-4-Piperidinyl Propionate ([11C]PMP) 65 Xia Shao and Peter J. H. Scott 8. Synthesis of 1-(2
4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-Cyano-5-(4-[11C]methoxyphenyl)-N-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1H-Pyrazole-3-Carboxamide ([11C]OMAR) 73 Xia Shao
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 9. Synthesis of Carbon-11 Labeled (+)-4-Propyl-3
4
4a
5
6
10b-Hexahydro-2H-Naphtho[1
2-b][1
4]Oxazin-9-Ol ([11C]-(+)-PHNO) 81 Christophe Plisson
Joaquim Ramada-Magalhaes
and Jan Passchier 10. Synthesis of (R)-[N-Methyl-11C]PK11195 93 Vítor H. Alves
Antero J. Abrunhosa
and Miguel Castelo-Branco PART III OTHER RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 103 11. Synthesis of Oxygen-15 Water ([15O]H2O) 105 David W. Dick and G. Leonard Watkins PART IV NEW METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND QUALITY CONTROL OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 115 12. Direct
Nucleophilic Radiosynthesis of [18F]Trifluoroethyl Tosylate 117 Patrick J. Riss
Waqas Rafique
and Franklin I. Aigbirhio 13. Synthesis of [18F]N-Methyl Lansoprazole via Generation of a [18F]Trifluoromethyl Group 123 Allen F. Brooks
Melissa E. Rodnick
Garret M. Carpenter
and Peter J. H. Scott 14. [18F]Fluorination of (Mesityl)(Aryl)Iodonium Salts 129 Naoko Ichiishi
Allen F. Brooks
Joseph J. Topczewski
Melissa E. Rodnick
Melanie S. Sanford
and Peter J. H. Scott 15. Pd(IV)-Mediated Fluorination of Arenes with [18F]F- for PET Imaging 139 Nathan J. Schauer
Stephen M. Carlin
Hong Ren
and Jacob M. Hooker 16. Silicon Fluoride Acceptors (SIFAs) for Peptide and Protein Labeling with 18F 149 Ralf Schirrmacher
Alexey Kostikov
Carmen Wängler
Klaus Jurkschat
Vadim Bernard-Gauthier
Esther Schirrmacher
and Björn Wängler 17. Solid Phase Synthesis of [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose: A Resin-Linker-Vector (RLV) Approach 163 Lynda J. Brown
Imtiaz Khan
Harry J. Wadsworth
Alexander Jackson
Nianchun Ma
Nicolas Millot
Sue M. Champion
Denis R. Bouvet
Alex M. Gibson
and Richard C. D. Brown 18. Production and Reaction of [11C]Carbon Disulfide for the Synthesis of [11C]Dithiocarbamates 177 Philip W. Miller 19. One-Pot
Direct Incorporation of [11CO2] into Carbamates 185 Christian K. Moseley and Jacob M. Hooker 20. Radiosynthesis of [11C]Carboxamides via Reaction of [11C]CO2 Captured by a Cu(I)-Based Catalyst System with Boronic Acid Ester Precursors 197 Patrick J. Riss
Shuiyu Lu
Sanjay Telu
Franklin I. Aigbirhio
and Victor W. Pike 21. Ethanol as a Solvent for Carbon-11 Radiochemistry 207 Xia Shao
Maria V. Fawaz
Keunsam Jang
and Peter J. H. Scott 22. Synthesis and Applications of [11C]Hydrogen Cyanide 233 Xia Shao
Melissa E. Rodnick
Allen F. Brooks
and Peter J. H. Scott 23. Determination of Radiochemical Purity and Radiochemical Identity of [13N]NH3 Using Thin Layer Chromatography 241 Peter A. Rice and Daniel L. Yokell Appendix 1: Supplier Information 247 Index 253