Cleft Palate Speech (eBook, PDF)
Assessment and Intervention
Schade – dieser Artikel ist leider ausverkauft. Sobald wir wissen, ob und wann der Artikel wieder verfügbar ist, informieren wir Sie an dieser Stelle.
Cleft Palate Speech (eBook, PDF)
Assessment and Intervention
- Format: PDF
- Merkliste
- Auf die Merkliste
- Bewerten Bewerten
- Teilen
- Produkt teilen
- Produkterinnerung
- Produkterinnerung
Bitte loggen Sie sich zunächst in Ihr Kundenkonto ein oder registrieren Sie sich bei
bücher.de, um das eBook-Abo tolino select nutzen zu können.
Hier können Sie sich einloggen
Hier können Sie sich einloggen
Sie sind bereits eingeloggt. Klicken Sie auf 2. tolino select Abo, um fortzufahren.
Bitte loggen Sie sich zunächst in Ihr Kundenkonto ein oder registrieren Sie sich bei bücher.de, um das eBook-Abo tolino select nutzen zu können.
The focus of this book is on speech production and speech processing associated with cleft palate, covering phonetic (perceptual and instrumental), phonological and psycholinguistic perspectives, and including coverage of implications for literacy and education, as well as cross-linguistic differences. It draws together a group of international experts in the fields of cleft lip and palate and speech science to provide an up-to-date and in-depth account of the nature of speech production, and the processes and current evidence base of assessment and intervention for speech associated with…mehr
- Geräte: PC
- eBook Hilfe
The focus of this book is on speech production and speech processing associated with cleft palate, covering phonetic (perceptual and instrumental), phonological and psycholinguistic perspectives, and including coverage of implications for literacy and education, as well as cross-linguistic differences. It draws together a group of international experts in the fields of cleft lip and palate and speech science to provide an up-to-date and in-depth account of the nature of speech production, and the processes and current evidence base of assessment and intervention for speech associated with cleft palate. The consequences of speech disorders associated with cleft on intelligibility and communicative participation are also covered. This book will provide a solid theoretical foundation and a valuable clinical resource for students of speech-language pathology, for practising speech-language pathologists, and for others interested in speech production in cleft palate, including researchers and members of multi-disciplinary cleft teams who wish to know more about the nature of speech difficulties associated with a cleft palate.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 392
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. August 2011
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781119998570
- Artikelnr.: 38264664
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 392
- Erscheinungstermin: 17. August 2011
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781119998570
- Artikelnr.: 38264664
Sara Howard is Reader in Clinical Phonetics,?University of Sheffield, UK. Anette Lohmander is Professor and Head of Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technique, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
List of Contributors xi Preface xvii Part One Speech Production and
Development 1 Sara Howard and Anette Lohmander 1 Physical Structure and
Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate 5 Martin
Atkinson and Sara Howard 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 The Hard and Soft Palates
and the Velopharynx 6 1.3 The Tonsils and Adenoids 9 1.4 The Larynx 11 1.5
The Jaws, Dentition and Occlusion 12 1.6 Symmetry: Structure and Function
15 1.7 The Tongue 16 1.8 The Lips 18 1.9 Summary: Compensations Across
Systems 19 References 19 2 The Development of Speech in Children with Cleft
Palate 23 Kathy L. Chapman and Elisabeth Willadsen 2.1 Overview 23 2.2 The
Impact of Clefting on Speech Production 24 2.3 Variables Impacting Speech
Development for Young Children with Cleft Palate 25 2.4 Speech Development:
Birth to Age Five 26 2.5 Conclusion 35 References 36 3 The Influence of
Related Conditions on Speech and Communication 41 Christina Persson and
Lotta Sjögreen 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Conditions Related to Structural
Etiologies 42 3.3 Conditions Related to Neurological Aetiology 47 3.4
Conditions Related to a Combination of Structural and Neurological
Aetiology 49 3.5 Clinical Implications 50 References 50 4 Surgical
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Cleft Lip and Palate 55 Anette
Lohmander 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Basics of Surgery on Cleft Palate 57 4.3
Basics of Outcomes 64 4.4 Speech Outcomes 65 4.5 Conclusion 69 Appendix 4.A
Review of Evidence and Methodology in Studies of Speech Outcome in
Individuals Born with Cleft Lip and Palate 70 References 82 5 Secondary
Management and Speech Outcome 87 John E. Riski 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2
Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence 88 5.3
Secondary Pharyngeal Flap 88 5.4 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by
Muscle Transposition 91 5.5 Studies Comparing Treatments of VPI 94 5.6
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Implants and Injections 95 5.7
Velarplasty 96 5.8 Other Considerations in Managing VPI 97 5.9
Complications Secondary to Pharyngoplasties 99 5.10 Conclusions 99
References 100 6 Cleft Palate Speech in the Majority World: Models of
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Diverse Cultural and Language Contexts
105 Debbie Sell, Roopa Nagarajan and Mary Wickenden 6.1 Introduction 105
6.2 Speech Outcomes in a Majority World Context 106 6.3 Different Models of
Provision 109 6.4 Attitudes/Cultural Aspects 115 6.5 Conclusion 119
References 119 Part Two Speech Assessment and Intervention 123 Anette
Lohmander and Sara Howard 7 Phonetic Transcription for Speech Related to
Cleft Palate 127 Sara Howard 7.1 Introduction 127 7.2 What is Phonetic
Transcription? 128 7.3 Why Transcribe? 129 7.4 What to Transcribe and How
to Transcribe It 130 7.5 Features of Cleft Speech Production 131 7.6
Pitfalls of Transcription 134 7.7 Conclusion 138 Appendices 139 References
142 8 Instrumentation in the Analysis of the Structure and Function of the
Velopharyngeal Mechanism 145 Debbie Sell and Valerie Pereira 8.1
Introduction 145 8.2 Visualization of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism 147 8.3
Multiview Videofl uoroscopy 147 8.4 Nasendoscopy Procedure 151 8.5 Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) 155 8.6 Variability in Practice 158 8.7 Future 162
References 162 9 Cross Linguistic Perspectives on Speech Assessment in
Cleft Palate 167 Gunilla Henningsson and Elisabeth Willadsen 9.1
Introduction 167 9.2 Vulnerable Speech Sounds 168 9.3 Language Background
of the Listener Assessing the Speech of Children with Cleft Palate 170 9.4
What Is Known about More Unfamiliar Languages? 173 9.5 Cross Linguistic
Speech Samples 173 9.6 Infl uence on Assessment of Language Acquisition in
the Young Child with Cleft Palate 176 9.7 Conclusion 177 References 177 10
Voice Assessment and Intervention 181 Lesley Cavalli 10.1 Introduction 181
10.2 Defi ning a Voice Disorder 181 10.3 Assessment 184 10.4 Instrumental
Assessment 189 10.5 Vocal Handicap Measures 190 10.6 Treatment 191 10.7
Conclusion 195 References 196 11 Nasality - Assessment and Intervention 199
Triona Sweeney 11.1 Introduction 199 11.2 Perceptual Assessment of Nasality
and Nasal Airfl ow Errors 205 11.3 Instrumental Assessment of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 207 11.4 Interpreting Results 211 11.5 Intervention
214 11.6 Conclusion 216 Appendix 11.A Temple Street Scale of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 217 References 217 12 Articulation - Instruments for
Research and Clinical Practice 221 Fiona E. Gibbon and Alice Lee 12.1
Introduction 221 12.2 Electropalatography (EPG) 222 12.3 Imaging Techniques
228 12.4 Motion Tracking 233 12.5 Conclusion 235 Acknowledgement 235
References 235 13 Psycholinguistic Assessment and Intervention 239 Joy
Stackhouse 13.1 Introduction 239 13.2 What is a Psycholinguistic Approach?
240 13.3 A Psycholinguistic Assessment Framework 242 13.4 Intervention from
a Psycholinguistic Perspective 245 13.5 Literacy: Phonological Awareness
and Spelling 250 13.6 Summary 254 References 255 14 Early Communication
Assessment and Intervention 259 Nancy Scherer and Brenda Louw 14.1
Introduction 259 14.2 Assessment 260 14.3 Intervention 267 References 272
15 Phonological Approaches to Speech Difficulties Associated with Cleft
Palate 275 Anne Harding-Bell and Sara Howard 15.1 Introduction 275 15.2
Variability, Variation and Compensation 277 15.3 Classification of Speech
Difficulties Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.4 Phonological Assessment of
Speech Data Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.5 Phonological Consequences of
Speech Production Related to Cleft Palate 279 15.6 Intervention 283 15.7
Summary 287 References 288 16 Speech Intelligibility 293 Tara L. Whitehill,
Carrie L. Gotzke and Megan Hodge 16.1 Introduction 293 16.2 Defi nition of
Intelligibility and Related Concepts 294 16.3 Measurement Issues 294 16.4
Studies of Intelligibility in Speakers with Cleft Palate 296 16.5 Current
and Future Developments 298 16.6 Conclusion 300 References 301 17
Communicative Participation 305 Christina Havstam and Anette Lohmander 17.1
Introduction 305 17.2 ICF 306 17.3 Communicative Participation 307 17.4
Conclusions and Clinical Implications 312 References 312 18 Evaluation and
Evidence-Based Practice 317 Linda D. Vallino-Napoli 18.1 Introduction 317
18.2 Intervention for Speech Disorders 318 18.3 Evidence-Based Practice 319
18.4 The Systematic Review Process 323 18.5 Evidence Findings Establishing
Therapy Effectiveness 325 18.6 Instrumentation - Visual Feedback 349 18.7
Surgery 350 18.8 Comments about Intervention Effectiveness 351 18.9
Intervention and the International Classifi cation of Function (ICF) 352
18.10 Research Designs for Intervention Studies 352 18.11 Conclusions 352
Appendix 18.A Commonly Used Evidence Hierarchies for Intervention Studies
354 References 354 Index 359
Development 1 Sara Howard and Anette Lohmander 1 Physical Structure and
Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate 5 Martin
Atkinson and Sara Howard 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 The Hard and Soft Palates
and the Velopharynx 6 1.3 The Tonsils and Adenoids 9 1.4 The Larynx 11 1.5
The Jaws, Dentition and Occlusion 12 1.6 Symmetry: Structure and Function
15 1.7 The Tongue 16 1.8 The Lips 18 1.9 Summary: Compensations Across
Systems 19 References 19 2 The Development of Speech in Children with Cleft
Palate 23 Kathy L. Chapman and Elisabeth Willadsen 2.1 Overview 23 2.2 The
Impact of Clefting on Speech Production 24 2.3 Variables Impacting Speech
Development for Young Children with Cleft Palate 25 2.4 Speech Development:
Birth to Age Five 26 2.5 Conclusion 35 References 36 3 The Influence of
Related Conditions on Speech and Communication 41 Christina Persson and
Lotta Sjögreen 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Conditions Related to Structural
Etiologies 42 3.3 Conditions Related to Neurological Aetiology 47 3.4
Conditions Related to a Combination of Structural and Neurological
Aetiology 49 3.5 Clinical Implications 50 References 50 4 Surgical
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Cleft Lip and Palate 55 Anette
Lohmander 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Basics of Surgery on Cleft Palate 57 4.3
Basics of Outcomes 64 4.4 Speech Outcomes 65 4.5 Conclusion 69 Appendix 4.A
Review of Evidence and Methodology in Studies of Speech Outcome in
Individuals Born with Cleft Lip and Palate 70 References 82 5 Secondary
Management and Speech Outcome 87 John E. Riski 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2
Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence 88 5.3
Secondary Pharyngeal Flap 88 5.4 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by
Muscle Transposition 91 5.5 Studies Comparing Treatments of VPI 94 5.6
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Implants and Injections 95 5.7
Velarplasty 96 5.8 Other Considerations in Managing VPI 97 5.9
Complications Secondary to Pharyngoplasties 99 5.10 Conclusions 99
References 100 6 Cleft Palate Speech in the Majority World: Models of
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Diverse Cultural and Language Contexts
105 Debbie Sell, Roopa Nagarajan and Mary Wickenden 6.1 Introduction 105
6.2 Speech Outcomes in a Majority World Context 106 6.3 Different Models of
Provision 109 6.4 Attitudes/Cultural Aspects 115 6.5 Conclusion 119
References 119 Part Two Speech Assessment and Intervention 123 Anette
Lohmander and Sara Howard 7 Phonetic Transcription for Speech Related to
Cleft Palate 127 Sara Howard 7.1 Introduction 127 7.2 What is Phonetic
Transcription? 128 7.3 Why Transcribe? 129 7.4 What to Transcribe and How
to Transcribe It 130 7.5 Features of Cleft Speech Production 131 7.6
Pitfalls of Transcription 134 7.7 Conclusion 138 Appendices 139 References
142 8 Instrumentation in the Analysis of the Structure and Function of the
Velopharyngeal Mechanism 145 Debbie Sell and Valerie Pereira 8.1
Introduction 145 8.2 Visualization of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism 147 8.3
Multiview Videofl uoroscopy 147 8.4 Nasendoscopy Procedure 151 8.5 Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) 155 8.6 Variability in Practice 158 8.7 Future 162
References 162 9 Cross Linguistic Perspectives on Speech Assessment in
Cleft Palate 167 Gunilla Henningsson and Elisabeth Willadsen 9.1
Introduction 167 9.2 Vulnerable Speech Sounds 168 9.3 Language Background
of the Listener Assessing the Speech of Children with Cleft Palate 170 9.4
What Is Known about More Unfamiliar Languages? 173 9.5 Cross Linguistic
Speech Samples 173 9.6 Infl uence on Assessment of Language Acquisition in
the Young Child with Cleft Palate 176 9.7 Conclusion 177 References 177 10
Voice Assessment and Intervention 181 Lesley Cavalli 10.1 Introduction 181
10.2 Defi ning a Voice Disorder 181 10.3 Assessment 184 10.4 Instrumental
Assessment 189 10.5 Vocal Handicap Measures 190 10.6 Treatment 191 10.7
Conclusion 195 References 196 11 Nasality - Assessment and Intervention 199
Triona Sweeney 11.1 Introduction 199 11.2 Perceptual Assessment of Nasality
and Nasal Airfl ow Errors 205 11.3 Instrumental Assessment of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 207 11.4 Interpreting Results 211 11.5 Intervention
214 11.6 Conclusion 216 Appendix 11.A Temple Street Scale of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 217 References 217 12 Articulation - Instruments for
Research and Clinical Practice 221 Fiona E. Gibbon and Alice Lee 12.1
Introduction 221 12.2 Electropalatography (EPG) 222 12.3 Imaging Techniques
228 12.4 Motion Tracking 233 12.5 Conclusion 235 Acknowledgement 235
References 235 13 Psycholinguistic Assessment and Intervention 239 Joy
Stackhouse 13.1 Introduction 239 13.2 What is a Psycholinguistic Approach?
240 13.3 A Psycholinguistic Assessment Framework 242 13.4 Intervention from
a Psycholinguistic Perspective 245 13.5 Literacy: Phonological Awareness
and Spelling 250 13.6 Summary 254 References 255 14 Early Communication
Assessment and Intervention 259 Nancy Scherer and Brenda Louw 14.1
Introduction 259 14.2 Assessment 260 14.3 Intervention 267 References 272
15 Phonological Approaches to Speech Difficulties Associated with Cleft
Palate 275 Anne Harding-Bell and Sara Howard 15.1 Introduction 275 15.2
Variability, Variation and Compensation 277 15.3 Classification of Speech
Difficulties Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.4 Phonological Assessment of
Speech Data Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.5 Phonological Consequences of
Speech Production Related to Cleft Palate 279 15.6 Intervention 283 15.7
Summary 287 References 288 16 Speech Intelligibility 293 Tara L. Whitehill,
Carrie L. Gotzke and Megan Hodge 16.1 Introduction 293 16.2 Defi nition of
Intelligibility and Related Concepts 294 16.3 Measurement Issues 294 16.4
Studies of Intelligibility in Speakers with Cleft Palate 296 16.5 Current
and Future Developments 298 16.6 Conclusion 300 References 301 17
Communicative Participation 305 Christina Havstam and Anette Lohmander 17.1
Introduction 305 17.2 ICF 306 17.3 Communicative Participation 307 17.4
Conclusions and Clinical Implications 312 References 312 18 Evaluation and
Evidence-Based Practice 317 Linda D. Vallino-Napoli 18.1 Introduction 317
18.2 Intervention for Speech Disorders 318 18.3 Evidence-Based Practice 319
18.4 The Systematic Review Process 323 18.5 Evidence Findings Establishing
Therapy Effectiveness 325 18.6 Instrumentation - Visual Feedback 349 18.7
Surgery 350 18.8 Comments about Intervention Effectiveness 351 18.9
Intervention and the International Classifi cation of Function (ICF) 352
18.10 Research Designs for Intervention Studies 352 18.11 Conclusions 352
Appendix 18.A Commonly Used Evidence Hierarchies for Intervention Studies
354 References 354 Index 359
List of Contributors xi Preface xvii Part One Speech Production and
Development 1 Sara Howard and Anette Lohmander 1 Physical Structure and
Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate 5 Martin
Atkinson and Sara Howard 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 The Hard and Soft Palates
and the Velopharynx 6 1.3 The Tonsils and Adenoids 9 1.4 The Larynx 11 1.5
The Jaws, Dentition and Occlusion 12 1.6 Symmetry: Structure and Function
15 1.7 The Tongue 16 1.8 The Lips 18 1.9 Summary: Compensations Across
Systems 19 References 19 2 The Development of Speech in Children with Cleft
Palate 23 Kathy L. Chapman and Elisabeth Willadsen 2.1 Overview 23 2.2 The
Impact of Clefting on Speech Production 24 2.3 Variables Impacting Speech
Development for Young Children with Cleft Palate 25 2.4 Speech Development:
Birth to Age Five 26 2.5 Conclusion 35 References 36 3 The Influence of
Related Conditions on Speech and Communication 41 Christina Persson and
Lotta Sjögreen 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Conditions Related to Structural
Etiologies 42 3.3 Conditions Related to Neurological Aetiology 47 3.4
Conditions Related to a Combination of Structural and Neurological
Aetiology 49 3.5 Clinical Implications 50 References 50 4 Surgical
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Cleft Lip and Palate 55 Anette
Lohmander 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Basics of Surgery on Cleft Palate 57 4.3
Basics of Outcomes 64 4.4 Speech Outcomes 65 4.5 Conclusion 69 Appendix 4.A
Review of Evidence and Methodology in Studies of Speech Outcome in
Individuals Born with Cleft Lip and Palate 70 References 82 5 Secondary
Management and Speech Outcome 87 John E. Riski 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2
Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence 88 5.3
Secondary Pharyngeal Flap 88 5.4 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by
Muscle Transposition 91 5.5 Studies Comparing Treatments of VPI 94 5.6
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Implants and Injections 95 5.7
Velarplasty 96 5.8 Other Considerations in Managing VPI 97 5.9
Complications Secondary to Pharyngoplasties 99 5.10 Conclusions 99
References 100 6 Cleft Palate Speech in the Majority World: Models of
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Diverse Cultural and Language Contexts
105 Debbie Sell, Roopa Nagarajan and Mary Wickenden 6.1 Introduction 105
6.2 Speech Outcomes in a Majority World Context 106 6.3 Different Models of
Provision 109 6.4 Attitudes/Cultural Aspects 115 6.5 Conclusion 119
References 119 Part Two Speech Assessment and Intervention 123 Anette
Lohmander and Sara Howard 7 Phonetic Transcription for Speech Related to
Cleft Palate 127 Sara Howard 7.1 Introduction 127 7.2 What is Phonetic
Transcription? 128 7.3 Why Transcribe? 129 7.4 What to Transcribe and How
to Transcribe It 130 7.5 Features of Cleft Speech Production 131 7.6
Pitfalls of Transcription 134 7.7 Conclusion 138 Appendices 139 References
142 8 Instrumentation in the Analysis of the Structure and Function of the
Velopharyngeal Mechanism 145 Debbie Sell and Valerie Pereira 8.1
Introduction 145 8.2 Visualization of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism 147 8.3
Multiview Videofl uoroscopy 147 8.4 Nasendoscopy Procedure 151 8.5 Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) 155 8.6 Variability in Practice 158 8.7 Future 162
References 162 9 Cross Linguistic Perspectives on Speech Assessment in
Cleft Palate 167 Gunilla Henningsson and Elisabeth Willadsen 9.1
Introduction 167 9.2 Vulnerable Speech Sounds 168 9.3 Language Background
of the Listener Assessing the Speech of Children with Cleft Palate 170 9.4
What Is Known about More Unfamiliar Languages? 173 9.5 Cross Linguistic
Speech Samples 173 9.6 Infl uence on Assessment of Language Acquisition in
the Young Child with Cleft Palate 176 9.7 Conclusion 177 References 177 10
Voice Assessment and Intervention 181 Lesley Cavalli 10.1 Introduction 181
10.2 Defi ning a Voice Disorder 181 10.3 Assessment 184 10.4 Instrumental
Assessment 189 10.5 Vocal Handicap Measures 190 10.6 Treatment 191 10.7
Conclusion 195 References 196 11 Nasality - Assessment and Intervention 199
Triona Sweeney 11.1 Introduction 199 11.2 Perceptual Assessment of Nasality
and Nasal Airfl ow Errors 205 11.3 Instrumental Assessment of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 207 11.4 Interpreting Results 211 11.5 Intervention
214 11.6 Conclusion 216 Appendix 11.A Temple Street Scale of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 217 References 217 12 Articulation - Instruments for
Research and Clinical Practice 221 Fiona E. Gibbon and Alice Lee 12.1
Introduction 221 12.2 Electropalatography (EPG) 222 12.3 Imaging Techniques
228 12.4 Motion Tracking 233 12.5 Conclusion 235 Acknowledgement 235
References 235 13 Psycholinguistic Assessment and Intervention 239 Joy
Stackhouse 13.1 Introduction 239 13.2 What is a Psycholinguistic Approach?
240 13.3 A Psycholinguistic Assessment Framework 242 13.4 Intervention from
a Psycholinguistic Perspective 245 13.5 Literacy: Phonological Awareness
and Spelling 250 13.6 Summary 254 References 255 14 Early Communication
Assessment and Intervention 259 Nancy Scherer and Brenda Louw 14.1
Introduction 259 14.2 Assessment 260 14.3 Intervention 267 References 272
15 Phonological Approaches to Speech Difficulties Associated with Cleft
Palate 275 Anne Harding-Bell and Sara Howard 15.1 Introduction 275 15.2
Variability, Variation and Compensation 277 15.3 Classification of Speech
Difficulties Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.4 Phonological Assessment of
Speech Data Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.5 Phonological Consequences of
Speech Production Related to Cleft Palate 279 15.6 Intervention 283 15.7
Summary 287 References 288 16 Speech Intelligibility 293 Tara L. Whitehill,
Carrie L. Gotzke and Megan Hodge 16.1 Introduction 293 16.2 Defi nition of
Intelligibility and Related Concepts 294 16.3 Measurement Issues 294 16.4
Studies of Intelligibility in Speakers with Cleft Palate 296 16.5 Current
and Future Developments 298 16.6 Conclusion 300 References 301 17
Communicative Participation 305 Christina Havstam and Anette Lohmander 17.1
Introduction 305 17.2 ICF 306 17.3 Communicative Participation 307 17.4
Conclusions and Clinical Implications 312 References 312 18 Evaluation and
Evidence-Based Practice 317 Linda D. Vallino-Napoli 18.1 Introduction 317
18.2 Intervention for Speech Disorders 318 18.3 Evidence-Based Practice 319
18.4 The Systematic Review Process 323 18.5 Evidence Findings Establishing
Therapy Effectiveness 325 18.6 Instrumentation - Visual Feedback 349 18.7
Surgery 350 18.8 Comments about Intervention Effectiveness 351 18.9
Intervention and the International Classifi cation of Function (ICF) 352
18.10 Research Designs for Intervention Studies 352 18.11 Conclusions 352
Appendix 18.A Commonly Used Evidence Hierarchies for Intervention Studies
354 References 354 Index 359
Development 1 Sara Howard and Anette Lohmander 1 Physical Structure and
Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate 5 Martin
Atkinson and Sara Howard 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 The Hard and Soft Palates
and the Velopharynx 6 1.3 The Tonsils and Adenoids 9 1.4 The Larynx 11 1.5
The Jaws, Dentition and Occlusion 12 1.6 Symmetry: Structure and Function
15 1.7 The Tongue 16 1.8 The Lips 18 1.9 Summary: Compensations Across
Systems 19 References 19 2 The Development of Speech in Children with Cleft
Palate 23 Kathy L. Chapman and Elisabeth Willadsen 2.1 Overview 23 2.2 The
Impact of Clefting on Speech Production 24 2.3 Variables Impacting Speech
Development for Young Children with Cleft Palate 25 2.4 Speech Development:
Birth to Age Five 26 2.5 Conclusion 35 References 36 3 The Influence of
Related Conditions on Speech and Communication 41 Christina Persson and
Lotta Sjögreen 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Conditions Related to Structural
Etiologies 42 3.3 Conditions Related to Neurological Aetiology 47 3.4
Conditions Related to a Combination of Structural and Neurological
Aetiology 49 3.5 Clinical Implications 50 References 50 4 Surgical
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Cleft Lip and Palate 55 Anette
Lohmander 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Basics of Surgery on Cleft Palate 57 4.3
Basics of Outcomes 64 4.4 Speech Outcomes 65 4.5 Conclusion 69 Appendix 4.A
Review of Evidence and Methodology in Studies of Speech Outcome in
Individuals Born with Cleft Lip and Palate 70 References 82 5 Secondary
Management and Speech Outcome 87 John E. Riski 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2
Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Incompetence 88 5.3
Secondary Pharyngeal Flap 88 5.4 Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by
Muscle Transposition 91 5.5 Studies Comparing Treatments of VPI 94 5.6
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Augmentation by Implants and Injections 95 5.7
Velarplasty 96 5.8 Other Considerations in Managing VPI 97 5.9
Complications Secondary to Pharyngoplasties 99 5.10 Conclusions 99
References 100 6 Cleft Palate Speech in the Majority World: Models of
Intervention and Speech Outcomes in Diverse Cultural and Language Contexts
105 Debbie Sell, Roopa Nagarajan and Mary Wickenden 6.1 Introduction 105
6.2 Speech Outcomes in a Majority World Context 106 6.3 Different Models of
Provision 109 6.4 Attitudes/Cultural Aspects 115 6.5 Conclusion 119
References 119 Part Two Speech Assessment and Intervention 123 Anette
Lohmander and Sara Howard 7 Phonetic Transcription for Speech Related to
Cleft Palate 127 Sara Howard 7.1 Introduction 127 7.2 What is Phonetic
Transcription? 128 7.3 Why Transcribe? 129 7.4 What to Transcribe and How
to Transcribe It 130 7.5 Features of Cleft Speech Production 131 7.6
Pitfalls of Transcription 134 7.7 Conclusion 138 Appendices 139 References
142 8 Instrumentation in the Analysis of the Structure and Function of the
Velopharyngeal Mechanism 145 Debbie Sell and Valerie Pereira 8.1
Introduction 145 8.2 Visualization of the Velopharyngeal Mechanism 147 8.3
Multiview Videofl uoroscopy 147 8.4 Nasendoscopy Procedure 151 8.5 Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) 155 8.6 Variability in Practice 158 8.7 Future 162
References 162 9 Cross Linguistic Perspectives on Speech Assessment in
Cleft Palate 167 Gunilla Henningsson and Elisabeth Willadsen 9.1
Introduction 167 9.2 Vulnerable Speech Sounds 168 9.3 Language Background
of the Listener Assessing the Speech of Children with Cleft Palate 170 9.4
What Is Known about More Unfamiliar Languages? 173 9.5 Cross Linguistic
Speech Samples 173 9.6 Infl uence on Assessment of Language Acquisition in
the Young Child with Cleft Palate 176 9.7 Conclusion 177 References 177 10
Voice Assessment and Intervention 181 Lesley Cavalli 10.1 Introduction 181
10.2 Defi ning a Voice Disorder 181 10.3 Assessment 184 10.4 Instrumental
Assessment 189 10.5 Vocal Handicap Measures 190 10.6 Treatment 191 10.7
Conclusion 195 References 196 11 Nasality - Assessment and Intervention 199
Triona Sweeney 11.1 Introduction 199 11.2 Perceptual Assessment of Nasality
and Nasal Airfl ow Errors 205 11.3 Instrumental Assessment of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 207 11.4 Interpreting Results 211 11.5 Intervention
214 11.6 Conclusion 216 Appendix 11.A Temple Street Scale of Nasality and
Nasal Airfl ow Errors 217 References 217 12 Articulation - Instruments for
Research and Clinical Practice 221 Fiona E. Gibbon and Alice Lee 12.1
Introduction 221 12.2 Electropalatography (EPG) 222 12.3 Imaging Techniques
228 12.4 Motion Tracking 233 12.5 Conclusion 235 Acknowledgement 235
References 235 13 Psycholinguistic Assessment and Intervention 239 Joy
Stackhouse 13.1 Introduction 239 13.2 What is a Psycholinguistic Approach?
240 13.3 A Psycholinguistic Assessment Framework 242 13.4 Intervention from
a Psycholinguistic Perspective 245 13.5 Literacy: Phonological Awareness
and Spelling 250 13.6 Summary 254 References 255 14 Early Communication
Assessment and Intervention 259 Nancy Scherer and Brenda Louw 14.1
Introduction 259 14.2 Assessment 260 14.3 Intervention 267 References 272
15 Phonological Approaches to Speech Difficulties Associated with Cleft
Palate 275 Anne Harding-Bell and Sara Howard 15.1 Introduction 275 15.2
Variability, Variation and Compensation 277 15.3 Classification of Speech
Difficulties Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.4 Phonological Assessment of
Speech Data Related to Cleft Palate 278 15.5 Phonological Consequences of
Speech Production Related to Cleft Palate 279 15.6 Intervention 283 15.7
Summary 287 References 288 16 Speech Intelligibility 293 Tara L. Whitehill,
Carrie L. Gotzke and Megan Hodge 16.1 Introduction 293 16.2 Defi nition of
Intelligibility and Related Concepts 294 16.3 Measurement Issues 294 16.4
Studies of Intelligibility in Speakers with Cleft Palate 296 16.5 Current
and Future Developments 298 16.6 Conclusion 300 References 301 17
Communicative Participation 305 Christina Havstam and Anette Lohmander 17.1
Introduction 305 17.2 ICF 306 17.3 Communicative Participation 307 17.4
Conclusions and Clinical Implications 312 References 312 18 Evaluation and
Evidence-Based Practice 317 Linda D. Vallino-Napoli 18.1 Introduction 317
18.2 Intervention for Speech Disorders 318 18.3 Evidence-Based Practice 319
18.4 The Systematic Review Process 323 18.5 Evidence Findings Establishing
Therapy Effectiveness 325 18.6 Instrumentation - Visual Feedback 349 18.7
Surgery 350 18.8 Comments about Intervention Effectiveness 351 18.9
Intervention and the International Classifi cation of Function (ICF) 352
18.10 Research Designs for Intervention Studies 352 18.11 Conclusions 352
Appendix 18.A Commonly Used Evidence Hierarchies for Intervention Studies
354 References 354 Index 359