Red Dawn Over China How Communism Conquered a Quarter of Humanity

The writing of history belongs to the victors, so it is no surprise that for decades after the Communist Party of China came to power, in 1949, Mao Zedong was seen as the revered ideologue, and the man he overthrew, Chiang Kai-shek, as a corrupt Fascist forced to flee to Taiwan. What Frank Dikötter has done, elegantly and persuasively, is to blow up that myth and demonstrate, thanks to troves of official records, that beginning with its birth in 1921, the party was not so much a popular force as a cruel and poorly led one that never would have survived without Russia's help or its own inhumane tactics. The C.P.C. has always had a fat streak of paranoia, and though this exceptional history ends in 1949, one cannot help wonder if, as he purges his top-ranked generals, Xi Jinping is not succumbing to that streak.