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Produktbild: Wireless Blockchain

Wireless Blockchain Principles, Technologies and Applications

Aus der Reihe Wiley - IEEE

155,99 €

inkl. gesetzl. MwSt., Versandkostenfrei

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

08.11.2021

Herausgeber

Bin Cao + weitere

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

336

Maße (L/B/H)

25/17,5/2,2 cm

Gewicht

752 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-119-79080-8

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

08.11.2021

Herausgeber

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

336

Maße (L/B/H)

25/17,5/2,2 cm

Gewicht

752 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-119-79080-8

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Wireless Blockchain
  • List of Contributors xiii
     
    Preface xvii
     
    Abbreviations xxiii
     
    1 What is Blockchain Radio Access Network? 1
    Xintong Ling, Yuwei Le, Jiaheng Wang, Zhi Ding, and Xiqi Gao
     
    1.1 Introduction 1
     
    1.2 What is B-RAN 3
     
    1.2.1 B-RAN Framework 3
     
    1.2.2 Consensus Mechanism 6
     
    1.2.3 Implementation 6
     
    1.3 Mining Model 7
     
    1.3.1 Hash-Based Mining 7
     
    1.3.2 Modeling of Hash Trials 7
     
    1.3.3 Threat Model 10
     
    1.4 B-RAN Queuing Model 10
     
    1.5 Latency Analysis of B-RAN 12
     
    1.5.1 Steady-State Analysis 12
     
    1.5.2 Average Service Latency 16
     
    1.6 Security Considerations 18
     
    1.6.1 Alternative History Attack 18
     
    1.6.2 Probability of a Successful Attack 19
     
    1.7 Latency-Security Trade-off 20
     
    1.8 Conclusions and Future Works 22
     
    1.8.1 Network Effect and Congest Effect 22
     
    1.8.2 Chicken and Eggs 22
     
    1.8.3 Decentralization and Centralization 22
     
    1.8.4 Beyond Bitcoin Blockchain 22
     
    References 23
     
    2 Consensus Algorithm Analysis in Blockchain: PoW and Raft 27
    Taotao Wang, Dongyan Huang, and Shengli Zhang
     
    2.1 Introduction 27
     
    2.2 Mining Strategy Analysis for the PoWConsensus-Based Blockchain 30
     
    2.2.1 Blockchain Preliminaries 30
     
    2.2.2 Proof ofWork and Mining 30
     
    2.2.3 Honest Mining Strategy 31
     
    2.2.4 PoW Blockchain Mining Model 32
     
    2.2.4.1 State 33
     
    2.2.4.2 Action 33
     
    2.2.4.3 Transition and Reward 34
     
    2.2.4.4 Objective Function 39
     
    2.2.4.5 Honest Mining 40
     
    2.2.4.6 Selfish Mining 40
     
    2.2.4.7 Lead Stubborn Mining 40
     
    2.2.4.8 Optimal Mining 41
     
    2.2.5 Mining Through RL 41
     
    2.2.5.1 Preliminaries for Original Reinforcement Learning Algorithm 41
     
    2.2.5.2 New Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Mining 42
     
    2.2.6 Performance Evaluations 44
     
    2.3 Performance Analysis of the Raft Consensus Algorithm 52
     
    2.3.1 Review of Raft Algorithm 52
     
    2.3.2 System Model 53
     
    2.3.3 Network Model 53
     
    2.3.4 Network Split Probability 55
     
    2.3.5 Average Number of Replies 57
     
    2.3.6 Expected Number of Received Heartbeats for a Follower 57
     
    2.3.7 Time to Transition to Candidate 58
     
    2.3.8 Time to Elect a New Leader 59
     
    2.3.9 Simulation Results 60
     
    2.3.10 Discussion 67
     
    2.3.10.1 Extended Model 67
     
    2.3.10.2 System Availability and Consensus Efficiency 68
     
    2.4 Conclusion 69
     
    Appendix A.2 69
     
    References 70
     
    3 A Low Communication Complexity Double-layer PBFT Consensus 73
    Chenglin Feng, Wenyu Li, Bowen Yang, Yao Sun, and Lei Zhang
     
    3.1 Introduction 73
     
    3.1.1 PBFT Applied to Blockchain 74
     
    3.1.2 From CFT to BFT 74
     
    3.1.2.1 State Machine Replication 74
     
    3.1.2.2 Primary Copy 75
     
    3.1.2.3 Quorum Voting 75
     
    3.1.3 Byzantine Generals Problem 76
     
    3.1.4 Byzantine Consensus Protocols 76
     
    3.1.4.1 Two-Phase Commit 76
     
    3.1.4.2 View Stamp 76
     
    3.1.4.3 PBFT Protocol 76
     
    3.1.5 Motivations 78
     
    3.1.6 Chapter Organizations 78
     
    3.2 Double-Layer PBFT-Based Protocol 79
     
    3.2.1 Consensus Flow 79
     
    3.2.1.1 The Client 79
     
    3.2.1.2 First-Layer Protocol 81
     
    3.2.1.3 Second-Layer Protocol 81
     
    3.2.2 Faulty Primary Elimination 82
     
    3.2.2.1 Faulty Primary Detection 82
     
    3.2.2.2 View Change 83
     
    3.2.3 Garbage Cleaning 84
     
    3.3 Communicat