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  • Produktbild: Elektrische Kontakte / Electric Contacts Handbook
  • Produktbild: Elektrische Kontakte / Electric Contacts Handbook

Elektrische Kontakte / Electric Contacts Handbook

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

01.01.1958

Abbildungen

XVIII, mit 32 Abbildungen

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

522

Maße (L/B/H)

23,5/15,5/3 cm

Gewicht

837 g

Auflage

3. Auflage 1958

Sprache

Deutsch

ISBN

978-3-662-23790-8

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

01.01.1958

Abbildungen

XVIII, mit 32 Abbildungen

Verlag

Springer Berlin

Seitenzahl

522

Maße (L/B/H)

23,5/15,5/3 cm

Gewicht

837 g

Auflage

3. Auflage 1958

Sprache

Deutsch

ISBN

978-3-662-23790-8

Herstelleradresse

Springer-Verlag KG
Sachsenplatz 4-6
1201 Wien
AT

Email: ProductSafety@springernature.com

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  • Produktbild: Elektrische Kontakte / Electric Contacts Handbook
  • Produktbild: Elektrische Kontakte / Electric Contacts Handbook
  • I Stationary Contacts.-
    1. Introduction. A simplified summary of the theory of stationary electric contacts.-
    2. The contact surface.-
    3. The contact resistance. General theory.-
    4. Calculation of constriction resistances with constant resistivity.-
    5. Constriction resistances when conditions deviate from those in
    4, but with ? still being a constant.-
    6. Thermal constriction resistance.-
    7. Films on contacts.-
    8. The contact surface as a function of load and elastic as well as plastic properties of the members.-
    9. The relation between contact load and resistance, particularly at moderate and high load.-
    10. Contact resistance on freshly cleaned contacts at very small contact loads.-
    11. The inductance of a current constriction. Skin effect.-
    12. Electrodynamic repulsion in a symmetric contact of a non-magnetic material.-
    13. The capacitance of a contact. Electrostatic attraction in a contact.-
    14. Measurement of the load bearing contact area.-
    15. The relationship between electric potential and temperature in a current constriction which is symmetric with respect to the contact surface; that is, the ?—? relation.-
    16. The ?—? relation in cases of dissymmetry.-
    17. Köhler effect.-
    18. The influence of the Joule heat on constriction resistance.-
    19. Distribution of the temperature in a symmetric constriction with circular contact surface at given current.-
    20. Temperature distribution in the constriction of a contact with circular contact surface and members with very different conductivities.-
    21. Resistance — voltage characteristics of clean symmetric contacts. Softening and melting voltages.-
    22. Development of the temperature in a current constriction.-
    23. The growth of tarnish films on metals.-
    24. Water films, local cells and rusting.-
    25. Thermoelectric effects.-
    26. Observations on the tunnel effect.-
    27. Fritting of tarnish films.-
    28. RU-characteristics of contacts with thin alien films.-
    29. Adherence in dry contacts which are not heated to any influential extent by the current.-
    30. Adherence in contacts that are heated by the current passing through them. Resistance welding.-
    31. About stationary contacts in practice.-
    32. Dimensioning a contact with respect to its heating.-
    33. Contact effects in carbon microphones.-
    34. Contact noise in a stationary contact.-
    35. Contact with semiconductors. Rectification. Transistors. Static electrification.-
    36. Carbon-pile rheostats. Electric resistance of pressed powders.- II Sliding Contacts.-
    37. Survey concerning friction and wear.-
    38. Early observations on the high friction in clean metallic contacts in vacuum, and the influence of admitted gases.-
    39. Boundary lubrication.-
    40. Theory of friction and wear on carbon contacts. Lubrication by means of solid lubricants as graphite and molybdenum disulphide.-
    41. Measurements on specific friction force.-
    42. Stick-slip motion. The temperature in currentless sliding contacts.-
    43. Statistical study of the electric conduction and the friction of sliding contacts. Radio-noise in sliding contacts.-
    44. Friction wear in metallic contacts without current.-
    45. Electrical performance of carbon brushes on rings and commutators when arcing is excluded.-
    46. The temperature in a contact between a carbon brush and a copper ring or commutator.-
    47. Wear and friction in the brush-ring contact.-
    48. Commutation problems.-
    49. Current collectors for trolley cars.- III Electric Phenomena in Switching Contacts.-
    50. Definitions and high power breakers.-
    51. Ignition of arcs in switches.-
    52. Discharge transients.-
    53. VI-characteristics of the stationary arc in air, and their use for calculating the duration of short arcs.-
    54. Electric Oscillations generated by d-c arcs.-
    55. Bouncing.-
    56. Mechanical erosion and tarnishing phenomena that are typical for sliding and switching contacts.-
    57. Methods to suppress or minimize arcing during switching.-
    58. Arc duration in contact making with voltage below 200 to 300 volts.-
    59. Arc duration on breaking contact. Single circuit.-
    60. Arc duration and other phenomena in an arc quenching circuit according to wiring Diagram (60.01).-
    61. Quenching of arcs by resistance parallel to the operating contact or parallel to the inductive coil.-
    62. Distinct types of arcs in relay contacts.-
    63. Material transfer in switching contacts.-
    64. Measurement of the material transfer in switching contacts, particularly with normal electrodes.-
    65. Bridge material transfer in the shape of pips and spires.-
    66. Theory of the electric material transfer in switching contacts. History of this theory.-
    67. Numerical example on the calculation of material transfer for a silver contact with capacitive arc quench.-
    68. Mercury switches.-
    69. Application of statistics to surety of contact make.-
    70. The choice of contact material and contact shape for practical applications.- IV History.-
    71. History of early investigations on contacts.- Appendices.-
    I. Hardness, strain hardening, atomic diffusion phenomena as recovery and creep.- A. Survey of the theory of plastic deformation of solid bodies and of diffusion phenomena.- B. Hardness as defined by the ball indentation test.- C. Brittle materials.- D. The work consumed by a plastic deformation.-
    II. Electronic conduction in solids.- A. Energy band scheme.- B. Distribution of the electrons on the energy levels of a band, with special reference to the conduction band of a metal.- C. Potential barrier. Thermionic emission of electrons.- E. Semiconduction.- F. Potential barriers and equilibrium conditions in contacts.-
    III. Tunnel effect. Thermionic emission and field emission.- A. Theoretical basis for the calculations. Classes I and II of calculation procedure.- C. Tunnel resistivity.- D. Comparison between tunnel current and thermionic current according to formula (III,13).- E. Tunnel effect when both electrodes are of the same semi-conducting material.- F. Remark concerning the field strength.-
    IV. Structure, electric and thermal conductivity of carbons.- A. Introduction. Graphite latice.- B. Carbon grades.- C. Graphitization.- D. Electric conductivity of carbons.- E. Heat conductivity of carbons.-
    V. Hydrodynamic or thick film lubrication.-
    VI. Remarks about threadlike metallic formations.-
    VII. Some fundamental formulas concerning the electric discharge.- A. Introduction. Kinetic fundamentals.- B. Drift velocity.- C. Thermal ionization. Saha’s equation.- D. Plasma.- E. Current in vacuum restricted by the space charge of the current carriers.-
    VIII. General theory of the arc that appears in relays.- A. Introduction.- B. Reminder of elements of the theory of electric discharges in gases.- C. Thickness of the cathode layer and metal vapor pressure within it.- D. Definition of the examples.- G. Comparison with measurements.- H. Power balance at the cathode.- I. Summary of the results concerning cathode phenomena in arcs between non-refractory electrodes.- J. The power balance at the anode.- K. Cathode of refractory materials as carbon and wolfram.- L. Why is the voltage of a short arc of the order of 10 V?.- M. Movement of the arc spot.- N. Current-voltage characteristics of arcs. Arc life.-
    X.-
    XI.- Author and literature index.