Arousal and Personality.- Different Perspectives in Research on Extraversion-Introversion.- Empirical Tests and Theoretical Extensions of Arousal-Based Theories of Personality.- Excitation-Inhibition and Arousal as Explanatory Concepts for Extraversion.- Extraversion-Introversion, Contingent Negative Variation, and Arousal.- Studies of Emotionality and Psychoticism.- Trait Theories of Anxiety.- Concepts of Activation and Arousal in the Theory of Emotionality (Neuroticism).- Individual Characteristics of Brain Limbic Structures Interactions as the Basis of Pavlovian/Eysenckian Typology.- Psychoticism and Arousal.- Neo-Pavlovian Concepts of Temperament.- A Neuropsychological Model of Personality and Individual Differences.- Basic Properties of the Nervous System and Arousal Model in the Light of Current Neuropsychophysiology.- Reactivity and the Control of Arousal.- Temperament-Contingent Cognitive Orientation toward Various Aspects of Reality.- Attempts at Integration Based on the Arousability Concept.- A Critical Look at Three Arousal Constructs in Personality Theories.- Issues in the Measurement of Arousability.- The Study of Personality with Positron Emission Tomography.- Personality Dimensions Based on Arousal Theories.- Postscript.- Arousal, Control, Energetics, and Values.