Produktbild: Group Processes

Group Processes Dynamics within and Between Groups

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

21.11.2019

Verlag

Wiley

Seitenzahl

352

Maße (L/B/H)

23,3/18,7/2,2 cm

Gewicht

567 g

Auflage

3. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-118-71929-9

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Taschenbuch

Erscheinungsdatum

21.11.2019

Verlag

Wiley

Seitenzahl

352

Maße (L/B/H)

23,3/18,7/2,2 cm

Gewicht

567 g

Auflage

3. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-118-71929-9

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Group Processes
  • Preface xi

    1 The Reality of Groups 1

    Definition 1

    The Individual-Group Relationship 2

    The Interpersonal-Group Continuum 4

    Three Unifying Themes: Social Identity, Social Context and Social Action 6

    Summary 11

    Further Reading 12

    References 12

    2 Group Formation and Other Elementary Group Processes 15

    Interdependence 15

    All in the Same Boat: Interdependence of Fate 16

    Working with Others: Task Interdependence 17

    Social Categorisation 19

    From Individuals to a Group: Entitativity 19

    Us and Them: Intergroup Differentiation and Intragroup Assimilation 22

    When 'We' Deserve More than 'Them': Minimal Conditions for Intergroup Discrimination 23

    Why Do They (and We) Look all the Same? Perceived Intragroup Assimilation (Homogeneity) 26

    On being Similar or Different but still a Group: Individuality, Interaction, and Entitativity 28

    Not Only in Our Heads: The Pragmatic and Rhetorical Use of Categories 30

    Joining and Interacting in Groups: Some Elementary Group Processes 31

    Joining Groups 31

    From Getting Together to Sticking Together: Group Cohesion 36

    What Goes on in Groups? Achieving the Task and Maintaining Relationships 41

    Summary 42

    Further Reading 43

    References 43

    3 Reaching Agreement in Groups 51

    The Acquisition and Development of Group Norms 51

    The Acquisition of Group Norms 52

    Why People need Norms: Individual Functions of Group Norms 53

    Why Groups need Norms: Social Functions of Norms 55

    Stability and Change 56

    The Power of the Majority 58

    The Pervasiveness of Conformity 59

    Why do People Conform? 61

    Standing Out from the Crowd: On being a Deviate 65

    Going to Extremes: Reaching Decisions in Groups 70

    Explanations of Group Polarisation 71

    Concluding Remarks on Group Polarisation 76

    Summary 77

    Further Reading 78

    References 78

    4 Innovation and Change in Groups 85

    Minority Influence 85

    Majority-Minority Influence is a Dynamic Process 88

    Social Categorisation and Minority Influence: Which Group does the Minority Belong to? 91

    Two Influence Processes or One? 91

    Concluding Comments 99

    Leadership 100

    Coercion and Reward 100

    Charisma 102

    Leadership Styles 105

    Interaction of Leader Style and Situation 106

    Leaders as Committed Group Members 109

    Leader Prototypicality 110

    Serving Group Interests 112

    'Entrepreneurs' and 'Embedders' of Identity 113

    Authority 115

    Summary 116

    Further Reading 117

    References 117

    5 The Effectiveness of Groups 124

    Group Productivity 125

    Does the Presence of Others Help or Hinder Performance? 125

    Are Two Heads (or Bodies) better than One? 126

    Potential and Actual Productivity: Theories of Group Deficit 128

    Two Heads (or Bodies) really can be better than One: The Benefits of Working in Groups 133

    Group Decision-Making 140

    Modeling Group Decisions: Social Decision Schemes Theory 140

    The Quality of Decision-Making Process 142

    Groups can be Good for You 146

    Resilience 146

    Health and Well-being 150

    Summary 152

    Further Reading 153

    Group Productivity 153

    Group Decision-Making 153

    Health and Well-being Benefits of Groups 153

    References 154

    6 The Morality of Groups 161

    Are Groups really more Aggressive than Individuals? Collective Aggression and Violence 161

    Deindividuation 162

    Experimental Evidence concerning Groups and Antisocial Behaviour 163

    The Stanford Prison Experiment 166

    How Group Norms shape the Nature of Crowd Violence 169

    Identity Transformation and Emergence of Conflict in Crowds 171

    Online Aggression 172

    Groups and Helping Behaviour 174

    The Bystander Effect and its Limits 174

    Solidarity within the Group 176

    Helping the Outgroup 182

    Summary 184

    Further Reading 185

    References 186

    7 Conflict and Inequality 191

    Intergroup Relations and Real Group Interests 192

    The Development of an Intergroup Perspective 192

    The Summer Camp Studies 194

    Lessons from the Summer Camps 196

    Extending the Realistic Conflict Approach 197

    'Real World' Evidence 197

    Stereotypes and Intergroup Relations 198

    Fear, Anger, Disgust, and Other Emotions 201

    The Outgroup as Sub-human 203

    Hierarchy and Oppression 206

    Divide and Rule 206

    Consensual Discrimination 207

    Ambivalent Sexism 208

    Outgroup Favoritism and System Justification 210

    Social Dominance Theory 212

    Social Dominance Orientation 213

    Evaluating Social Dominance Theory 216

    Integrating SDO and RWA 218

    Summary 219

    Further Reading 220

    References 220

    8 Rebellion and Social Change 227

    Angry Rejection of the Status Quo 228

    Anger 230

    Social Identity Theory 235

    Individual Mobility 236

    Social Creativity 239

    Changing the Dimension of Comparison 240

    Downward Social Comparison 242

    Redefining the Meaning of the Devalued Attribute 242

    Social Competition 243

    Winning the Solidarity of the Advantaged 243

    Resentment and Backlash 244

    Experiencing Illegitimate Privilege 246

    Intergroup Contact and Collective Action 248

    Consequences of Collective Action 250

    Summary 252

    Further Reading 253

    References 253

    9 Bringing Groups Together 261

    Getting to Know You: Intergroup Contact and Prejudice Reduction 262

    Elaborating the Contact Hypothesis 263

    How to make Contact Work Better: Decategorisation, Categorisation, or Recategorisation? 263

    Understanding how Contact Works: The Role of Emotion 268

    Indirect Forms of Contact: Extended, Vicarious and Imagined 270

    Intergroup Contact and its Critics 275

    "From Both Sides Now": The Importance of both Victim and Perpetrator Emotions 279

    Group-Based Emotions: Guilt, Shame, Victimhood, and Forgiveness 283

    Living Together or Living Apart: The Challenges of Diversity and Multi-culturalism 287

    Acculturation and Well-Being in Minority Groups 288

    Acculturation and Intergroup Relations 291

    Summary 294

    Further Reading 295

    References 295

    Name Index 309

    Subject Index 325