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Produktbild: Molecular Physiology and Metabolism of the Nervous System

Molecular Physiology and Metabolism of the Nervous System A Clinical Perspective

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

30.04.2012

Verlag

Oxford Academic

Seitenzahl

240

Maße (L/B/H)

26/18,3/1,8 cm

Gewicht

771 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-19-539427-6

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

30.04.2012

Verlag

Oxford Academic

Seitenzahl

240

Maße (L/B/H)

26/18,3/1,8 cm

Gewicht

771 g

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-19-539427-6

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  • Produktbild: Molecular Physiology and Metabolism of the Nervous System

    • Part I: Physiology of brain fluids and blood-brain barrier

    • Chapter 1: Anatomy of Fluid Interfaces that Protect the Microenvironment

    • 1.1. Historical perspective

    • 1.2 Cerebral microenvironment

    • 1.3. Development of the brain-fluid interfaces

    • 1.3.1. Neural tube, ependymal cells and stem cells

    • 1.3.2. Cilated ependymal cells and CSF movement

    • 1.3.3. Choroid plexuses, arachnoid and capillaries

    • 1.4. Extracellular Space and Extracellular Matrix

    • 1.5. Brain-Fluid Interfaces

    • 1.5.1. Anatomy of the cerebral blood vessels

    • 1.5.2. Brain cells interfaces with CSF at ependymal and pia

    • 1.6. Dura, arachnoid and pial layers

    • 1.7. What are sources of energy?

    • Chapter 2: Physiology of the Cerebrospinal and Interstitial Fluids

    • 2.1. Introduction

    • 2.2. Proteins in the CSF

    • 2.3. CSF Pressure Reflects Venous Pressure in the Right Heart

    • 2.4. Formation, Circulation and Absorption of CSF

    • 2.4.1. Formation of CSF by choroid plexuses

    • 2.4.2. Choroid plexus and disease biomarkers in CSF

    • 2.4.3. Absorption of CSF at the arachnoid villi

    • 2.5. Electrolyte balance in the CSF

    • 2.6. Meninges and sites of masses and infection

    • 2.7. Interstitial fluid

    • 2.8. Lyphatic drainage

    • 2.9. Water diffusion, bulk flow if ISH and diffusion tensor imaging

    • 2.10. Neuropeptides and fluid homeostasis

    • 2.11. Aquaporins and water transport in the CNS

    • Chapter 3: Neurovascular Unit

    • 3.1. Early experiments on blood-brain barrier

    • 3.2. The Neurovascular unit and tight junction proteins

    • 3.3. Integrins, selectins and endothelial cell adhesion

    • 3.4. Astrocytes, pericytes and basal lamina

    • 3.5. Movement of substances into and out of brain

    • 3.6. Glucose and amino acid transport

    • 3.7. Proteases and the neurovascular unit

    • 3.8. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)

    • 3.9. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)

    • 3.10. Barrier systems evolved to an endothelial barrier

    • Part II: Metabolism, disorders of brain fluids, and mathematics of transport

    • Chapter 4: Glucose, Amino acid and Lipid Metabolism

    • 4.1. Glucose metabolism

    • 4.2. Amino acid neurotransmitters

    • 4.3. Lipid metabolism

    • 4.4. Eicosanoid metabolism

    • 4.5. Hepatic encephalopathy

    • 4.6. Hypoglycemia

    • 4.7. Hyponatremia, osmotic demyelination and acid balance

    • 4.7.1. Hyponatremia

    • 4.7.2. Hyperglycemia

    • 4.7.3. Acidosis

    • Chapter 5: Disorders of Cerebrospinal Circulation: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) and Hydrocephalus

    • 5.1. Introduction

    • 5.2. Clinical Features of IIH

    • 5.3. Treatment of IIH

    • 5.4. Hydrocephalus

    • 5.5. Hydrocephalus in children

    • 5.6. Adult-onset hydrocephalus

    • 5.6.1. Obstructive hydrocephalus

    • 5.6.2. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus

    • Chapter 6: Quantification of Cerebral Blood Flow and Blood Brain Barrier Transport by NMR and PET

    • 6.1. Introduction

    • 6.2. Mathematical approach to cerebral blood flow and transport

    • 6.2.1. Cerebral blood flow: Schmidt-Kety approach

    • 6.2.2. Regional blood flow

    • 6.2.3. Transport between blood and brain

    • 6.3 Positron emission tomography (PET)

    • 6.3.1. Single-injection external registration

    • 6.3.2. Patlak graphical BBB method for autoradiography and MRI

    • 6.4 Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy

    • 6.4.1. Multinuclear NMR

    • 6.4.2. Relaxation phenomenon and the rotating frame

    • 6.4.3. 31P-MRS

    • 6.4.4. 13C-MRS

    • 6.4.5. 1H-MRS

    • Part III: Ischemia, edema and inflammation

    • Chapter 7: Mechanisms of Ischemic/Hypoxic Brain Injury

    • 7.1. Epidemiology, risk factors and prevention of stroke

    • 7.2. Molecular cascades in ischemic tissue results from energy failure

    • 7.3. Excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters

    • 7.4. Neuroinflammation in stroke

    • 7.5. Proteases in hypoxia/ischemia

    • 7.6. Caspases and cell death

    • 7.7. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and apoptosis

    • 7.8. Tight junction proteins and MMPs

    • 7.9. MMPs and tPA-induced bleeding

    • 7.10. Animal models in stroke

    • 7.11. Arteriovenous malformations and cavernous hemangiomas

    • 7.12. MRI, PET and EPR in hypoxia-ischemia

    • 7.12.1. MRI and MRS

    • 7.12.2. Positron emission tomography (PET)

    • 7.12.3. Electron paramagnetic resonance

    • Chapter 8: Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

    • 8.1. Regulation of cerebral blood flow

    • 8.2. Hypoxia-ischemia in cardiac arrest

    • 8.2.1 Prognosis for recovery after cardiac arrest

    • 8.2.2 Cardiac surgery and memory loss

    • 8.2.3 Delayed post anoxic leukoencephalopathy

    • 8.3. Hypoxia inducible factors and gene expression

    • 8.4. Intermittent hypoxia is a strong stimulus for HIF

    • 8.5. Vascular cognitive impairment

    • 8.6. White matter hyperintensities on MRI and Binswanger's disease

    • 8.7. Alzheimer's disease, vascular disease and the amyloid hypothesis

    • Chapter 9: Effects of Altitude on the Brain

    • 9.1. Introduction

    • 9.2. Genetic tolerance to altitude

    • 9.3. Acute mountain sickness and high altitude pulmonary edema

    • 9.4. High altitude cerebral edema

    • 9.5. Cognitive consequences of hypobaric hypoxia

    • 9.6. Imaging of the brain at high altitude

    • 9.7. Hypoxia-inducible factors and sleep disorders in AMS

    • 9.8. Treatment of altitude illnesses

    • Chapter 10: Brain Edema

    • 10.1. Introduction

    • 10.2. Role of aquaporins in brain edema

    • 10.3. Role of Neuroinflammation in the formation of vasogenic edema

    • 10.3.1. Oxidative stress and brain edema

    • 10.3.2 . Arachidonic acid and brain edema

    • 10.3.3. Vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietins

    • 10.4. Clinical conditions associated with brain edema

    • 10.5. Imaging brain edema

    • 10.6 . Treatment of brain edema and hypoxic/ischemic injury

    • 10.7. Multiple drugs for treatment of ischemia

    • Chapter 11: Intracerebral Hemorrhage

    • 11.1. Introduction

    • 11.2. History of ICH

    • 11.3. Molecular mechanisms in ICH

    • 11.4. Clinical aspects of intracranial bleeding

    • 11.5. Pathophysiology of ICH: Evidence from animal studies

    • 11.6 Extrapolation of experimental results to treatments for ICH

    • Chapter 12: Autoimmunity, Hypoxia, and Inflammation in Demyelinating Diseases

    • 12.1. Introduction

    • 12.2. Heterogeneity of the pathological findings in MS

    • 12.3. Proteases implicated in MS pathology

    • 12.4. BBB disruption in MS

    • 12.5. Devic's neuromyelitis optica

    • 12.6. Nonimmunological processes in demyelination

    • 12.7. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and pathogenesis of MS

    • 12.8. Epilogue- synthesis and future directions