Contributors ix
Acknowledgments xv
List of Abbreviations xix
INTRODUCTION TO OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS 1
Doris Abele, Jose Pablo V¿azquez-Medina, and Tania Zenteno-Savin
PART I. CLIMATE REGIONS AND SPECIAL HABITATS 7
1. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN TROPICAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS 9
Michael P. Lesser
2. OXIDATIVE CHALLENGES IN POLAR SEAS 20
Francesco Regoli, Maura Benedetti, Andreas Krell, and Doris Abele
3. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ESTUARINE AND INTERTIDAL ENVIRONMENTS (TEMPERATE AND TROPICAL), 41
Carolina A. Freire, Alexis F. Welker, JanetM. Storey, Kenneth B. Storey, and Marcelo Hermes-Lima
4. OXIDATIVE STRESS TOLERANCE STRATEGIES OF INTERTIDAL MACROALGAE 58
Jos¿e Aguilera and Ralf Rautenberger
5. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AQUATIC PRIMARY PRODUCERS AS A DRIVING FORCE FOR ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES TO LARGE-SCALE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES 72
Pauline Snoeijs, Peter Sylvander, and Norbert H¿aubner
6. MIGRATING TO THE OXYGEN MINIMUM LAYER: EUPHAUSIIDS 89
Nelly Tremblay, Tania Zenteno-Savin, Jaime Gomez-Gutierrez, and Alfonso N.Maeda-Martinez
7. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SULFIDIC HABITATS 99
Joanna Joyner-Matos and David Julian
8. IRON IN COASTAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: ROLE IN OXIDATIVE STRESS 115
PaulaMariela Gonz¿alez, Dorothee Wilhelms-Dick, Doris Abele, and Susana Puntarulo
9. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CORAL-PHOTOBIONT COMMUNITIES 127
Marco A. Linan-Cabello,Michael P. Lesser, Laura A. Flores-Ramírez, Tania Zenteno-Sav¿in, and H¿ector Reyes-Bonilla
PART II. AQUATIC RESPIRATION AND OXYGEN SENSING 139
10. PRINCIPLES OF OXYGEN UPTAKE AND TISSUE OXYGENATION IN WATER-BREATHING ANIMALS 141
J. C. Massabuau and Doris Abele
11. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SHARKS AND RAYS 157
Roberto I. Lopez-Cruz, Alcir Luiz Dafre, and Danilo Wilhelm Filho
12. OXYGEN SENSING: THE ROLE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES 165
Mikko Nikinmaa, Max Gassmann, and Anna Bogdanova
13. ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION IN DIVING BIRDS AND MAMMALS: HOW THEY AVOID OXIDATIVE DAMAGE 178
Tania Zenteno-Savin, Jose Pablo Vázquez-Medina, Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellín, Paul J. Ponganis, and Robert Elsner
PART III. MARINE ANIMAL MODELS FOR AGING, DEVELOPMENT, AND DISEASE 191
14. AGING IN MARINE ANIMALS 193
Eva E. R. Philipp, Julia Strahl, and Alexey A. Sukhotin
15. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEMS IN CRUSTACEAN LIFE CYCLES 208
Maria Luisa Fanjul-Moles andMaría E. Gonsebatt
16. TRANSFER OF FREE RADICALS BETWEEN PROTEINS AND MEMBRANE LIPIDS: IMPLICATIONS FOR AQUATIC BIOLOGY 224
Brenda Valderrama, Gustavo Rodríguez-Alonso, and Rebecca Pogni
17. IMMUNE DEFENSE OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES: THE ROLE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN AND NITROGEN SPECIES 236
Eva E. R. Philipp, Simone Lipinski, Jonathan Rast, and Philip Rosenstiel
18. ATTACK AND DEFENSE: REACTIVE OXYGEN AND NITROGEN SPECIES IN TELEOST FISH IMMUNE RESPONSE AND THE COEVOLVED EVASION OF MICROBES AND PARASITES 247
Katja Broeg and Dieter Steinhagen
PART IV. MARINE ANIMAL STRESS RESPONSE AND BIOMONITORING 261
19. STRESS EFFECTS ON METABOLISM AND ENERGY BUDGETS IN MOLLUSKS 263
Inna M. Sokolova, Alexey A. Sukhotin, and Gisela Lannig
20. STARVATION, ENERGETICS, AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES 281
Amalia E. Morales, Amalia Perez-Jimenez, Miriam Furne, and Helga Guderley
21. ENVIRONMENTALLY INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN FISH 295
Volodymyr I. Lushchak
22. CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS AND THE MECHANISMS OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES GENERATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS 308
Francesco Regoli
23. BIOMARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS: BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS FOR THEIR APPLICATION IN BIOMONITORING OF AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS 317
JoseMaria Monserrat, Rafaela Elias Letts, Josencler L. Ribas Ferreira, Juliane Ventura-Lima, Lilian L. Amado, Alessandra M. Rocha, Stefania Gorbi, Raffaella Bocchetti,Maura Benedetti, and Francesco Regoli
PART V. METHODS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS DETECTION 327
24. DETECTION OF REACTIVE METABOLITES OF OXYGEN AND NITROGEN 329
Matthew B. Grisham
25. ROLE OF SINGLET MOLECULAR OXYGEN IN THE OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO BIOMOLECULES 344
Graziella Eliza Ronsein, Glaucia ReginaMartinez, Eduardo Alves de Almeida, SayuriMiyamoto, Marisa Helena Gennari de Medeiros, and Paolo DiMascio
26. TOTAL OXYRADICAL SCAVENGING CAPACITY ASSAY 359
Stefania Gorbi and Francesco Regoli
27. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAYS OF ANTIOXIDANTS 367
Francesco Regoli, Raffaella Bocchetti, and Danilo Wilhelm Filho
28. EVALUATION OF GLUTATHIONE STATUS IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS 381
Eduardo Alves de Almeida, Danilo Grunig Humberto Silva, Afonso Celso Dias Bainy, Florencio Porto Freitas, Fl¿avia Daniela Motta, Osmar Francisco Gomes, Marisa Helena Gennari de Medeiros, and Paolo DiMascio
29. MEASUREMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT PIGMENTS AND VITAMINS IN PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON, AND FISH 389
Pauline Snoeijs, Norbert H¿aubner, Peter Sylvander, and Xiang-Ping Nie
30. CAROTENOID ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION IN MARINE ANIMALS 402
Eduardo Alves de Almeida, Glaucia ReginaMartinez, and Paolo Di Mascio
31. LINOLEIC ACID OXIDATION PRODUCTS AS BIOMARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN VIVO 412
Etsuo Niki and Yasukazu Yoshida
32. THE CLASSIC METHODS TO MEASURE OXIDATIVE DAMAGE: LIPID PEROXIDES, THIOBARBITURIC-ACID REACTIVE SUBSTANCES, AND PROTEIN CARBONYLS 420
Volodymyr I. Lushchak, Halyna M. Semchyshyn, and Oleh V. Lushchak
33. PROTEIN CARBONYL MEASUREMENT BY ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY 432
Betul Catalgol, Stefanie Grimm, and Tilman Grune
34. EVALUATION OF MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS, 440
SayuriMiyamoto, Eduardo Alves de Almeida, Lilian Nogueira, Marisa Helena Gennari de Medeiros, and Paolo DiMascio
35. THE USE OF ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN STUDIES OF OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO LIPIDS IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS 448
Gabriela Malanga and Susana Puntarulo
36. THE ASCORBYL RADICAL/ASCORBATE RATIO AS AN INDEX OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS 458
Gabriela Malanga, Maria Belen Aguiar, and Susana Puntarulo
37. EVALUATION OF OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE IN AQUATIC ANIMALS: COMET ASSAYS AND 8-OXO-7,8-DIHIDRO-2-DEOXYGUANOSINE LEVELS 465
Jose Pedro Friedmann Angeli, Glaucia ReginaMartinez, Flavia DanielaMotta, Eduardo Alves de Almeida, Marisa Helena Gennari de Medeiros, and Paolo DiMascio
38. EVALUATION OF DNA ADDUCTS FORMED BY LIPID PEROXIDATION BY-PRODUCTS 475
Camila Carriao Machado Garcia, Jose Pedro Friedmann Angeli, Eduardo Alves de Almeida, Marisa Helena Gennari de Medeiros, and Paolo DiMascio
39. METHODS TO QUANTIFY LYSOSOMAL MEMBRANE STABILITY AND THE ACCUMULATION OF LIPOFUSCIN 487
Katja Broeg and Stefania Gorbi
Index 507
Color plate section appears between pages 250 and 251
