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  • Produktbild: Nonequilibrium Cooperative Phenomena in Physics and Related Fields
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Nonequilibrium Cooperative Phenomena in Physics and Related Fields

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Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

01.02.1985

Abbildungen

XVIII, 569 p. 93 illus.

Verlag

Springer Us

Seitenzahl

569

Gewicht

1220 g

Auflage

1984

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-306-41833-4

Beschreibung

Produktdetails

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

01.02.1985

Abbildungen

XVIII, 569 p. 93 illus.

Verlag

Springer Us

Seitenzahl

569

Gewicht

1220 g

Auflage

1984

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-0-306-41833-4

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: gpsr@libri.de

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  • Produktbild: Nonequilibrium Cooperative Phenomena in Physics and Related Fields
  • Produktbild: Nonequilibrium Cooperative Phenomena in Physics and Related Fields
  • A. Introduction: Synergetics and Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions.- Synergetics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Outline of the general approach.- 3. A brief outline of the mathematical approach.- 4. Some simple examples.- 5. Generalized Ginzburg-Landau equations.- 6. Some further applications.- 7. Hierarchies of temporal patterns: from oscillations to chaos.- 8. Outlook.- Phase transition analogies: magnets, lasers and fluid flows.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Laser threshold- Second — order phase transition analogy.- 3. Laser with saturable absorber — First-order phase transition.- 4. From lasers to fluid flows.- B. Lasers and Quantum Optics.- Collective phenomena in Quantum Optics.- 1. Physics of stimulated emission processes.- 2. What is quantum and what is classical in laser physics.- 3. Bifurcations in non-equilibrium systems.- 4. Photon statistics and the laser threshold.- 5. Turbulence in quantum optics.- Optical Bistability and related topics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. A practical optical bistable device: Recent advances.- 3. Theory of optical bistability in a ring cavity.- 3.1 Steady-state behavior in absorptive optical bistability with zero cavity detuning.- 3.2 The effect of dispersion — Kerr medium.- 4. The mean field model of optical bistability.- 5. Self-pulsing and chaotic behavior.- 6. Instability modes.- 6.1 Resonant-mode instability.- 6.2 Off-resonance mode instability.- Laser with intracavity absorber: Q-switching and multistable nonlinear oscillations and chaos.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Phase diagram.- 3. Soft oscillatory lasing.- 4. Q-switching and coexistence between oscillations and cw lasing.- 5. Coexistence of various oscillations including Q-switching.- 6. A Lorenz-like strange (aperiodic) solution and its fractal dimension.- 7. A Feigenbaum period-doubling cascade, the subsequent strange (aperiodic) attractor and its fractal dimension.- Non-linear operation of CO2 lasers with intracavity saturable absorbers.- Experimental apparatus.- Experimental results.- Theoretical model.- Conclusion.- Structurally stable bifurcations in optical bistability.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Self-pulsing and optical bistability.- 3. Polarization switching.- C. Action of Intense Laser Fields.- Allowed nuclear beta decay in an intense laser field.- Wavefunctions.- Transition rate.- Alternative derivations of the quasiclassical Transition ratel.- Electron distributions.- Nuclear lifetime.- The nonclassical regime.- Summary.- D. Instabilities and Convection in Liquids and Liquid Crystals.- Thermohydrodynamic instabilities: Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Interfacial convection: heuristic arguments.- 3. Buoyancy — thermocapillary equations.- 4. Necessary conditions for the onset of convection.- 5. Sufficient conditions for the onset of convection.- 6. Comments.- Thermohydrodynamic instability in nematic liquid crystals: a summary of arguments and conditions for some simple geometries.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Rayleigh-Benard convection.- 3. Rotating annulus convection with radial temperature gradients.- Neutron scattering studies of phase transitions in equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems.- 1. Introduction.- 1a. Neutron scattering.- 1b. Phase transition in equilibrium.- 2. Neutron scattering studies of nonequilibrium phase transitions.- Electrothermal instabilities in dielectric liquids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Electrothermal equations.- 3. The onset of steady convection in a simple approach.- 4. Convective flow and the phase transition picture.- 5. Overstability.- Electrohydrodynamic instabilities in nematic with homeotropic boundaries.- EHD convention flow in samples with homeotropic boundaries.- Experiments and results.- E. Convection Diffusion and Reaction.- Gyrotactic buoyant convection and spontaneous pattern formation in algal cell cultures.- Gyrotaxis and focusing.- Convection pattern formation.- Cooperative effects in the time domain.- Other organisms and conditions.- Discussion.- Applications.- Experimental investigations of precipitation patterns.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Spatial and temporal sequence of events in a Liesegand system.- 3. Pattern formation in the presence of low concentration gradients.- 4. Pattern formation in initially uniform colloids.- 5. Complex patterns in periodic precipitation processes.- 6. Conclusion.- F. Combustion.- Optical diagnosis in flows — Applications — Experiments in Combustion.- A powerful non invasive tool: the interaction of light with matter.- Some applications of Rayleigh and Mie scatterings in flow studies.- Experimental study of the flow-flame interaction.- Theory of gaseous combustion.- I. Basic considerations.- I.1 Two feed-back mechanisms.- I.2 The conservation equations.- I.3 The adiabatic temperature of combustion.- I.4 The two different kinds of combustion processes.- I.5 The large activation energy.- II. Premixed flames.- II.1 Position of the problem.- II.2 Existence and unicity.- II.3 The asymptotic expansion.- II.4 Dynamics of flame front.- III. Diffusion flames.- III.1 Position of the problems.- III.2 Ignition regime.- III.3 Diffusion controlled regime.- III.4 Extinction regime.- Bifurcation in Heterogeneous Combustion.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Mathematical model.- 3. Bifurcation diagrams.- 4. Numerical solution.- 5. Conclusions.- G. Instabilities and Nonlinear Phenomena in Solids.- Thermoelasticity and mechanical instabilities.- and Summary.- I. The thermoelastic effect.- II. The thermoelastic-plastic transition in metals.- II.1 Introduction.- II.2 The yield point as the critical point of a dynamical instability.- II.3 “Thermal emission” in 100 Cr6 steel.- II.4 Conclusions.- Non-Equilibrium effects seen in molecular dynamics calculations of Shock waves in Solids.- Discussion.- Conclusions.- H. Deterministic (Continuous and Discrete) Mathematics of Nonlinear Problems.- Current topics in reaction-diffusion systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The simplest wave fronts.- 3. Slowly varying fronts.- 4. Coupling with another reactant; propagator-controller systems.- 5. Accounting for dissusion of V.- 6. Target patterns for the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reagent.- 7. The generation of spirals.- 8. Compound layers and stationary solutions.- 9. Small wave trains and associated solutions.- 10. Piecing together a global picture for a model problem.- Discrete nonlinear dynamics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Why discrete dynamics?.- 3. Experiments.- 4. Trifurcation?.- 5. Density of states, renormalization, and chaos map.- 6. Random numbers?.- 7. Period-doubling renormalization group.- 8. Deterministic Brownian motion?.- 9. Windows of nondiffusive states.- 10. Anomalous diffusion?.- 11. Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.- Deterministic diffusion — A quality of Chaos.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The onset of diffusion.- 2.1 An example.- 2.2 Master equation.- 2.3 Critical properties of the diffusion coefficient.- 3. Excess noise for intermittent diffusion.- 4. Anomalous diffusion.- 5. Diffusion in two dimensions.- I. Stochastic Description of Non Linear Problems.- Stochastic space-time problems.- 1. Reaction-diffusion models.- 1.1 Introduction and motivation.- 1.2 Deterministic model. Sobolev spaces.- 1.3 Markov jump processes.- 1.4 Stochastic model of reaction with diffusion.- 1.5 Consistency of the stochastic and deterministic model (Thermodynamic limit).- 1.6 Consistency of the stochastic and deterministic model (Continued ).- 2. Stochastic partial differential equations.- 2.1 Motivation.- 2.2 Deterministic evolution equations. Semigroups.- 2.3 Wiener process and stochastic integrals in Hilbert space.- 2.4 Stochastic evolution equations.- 3. SPDE in reaction-diffusion problems.- 3.1 Introduction. Van Kämpen’s approximation.- 3.2 Central limit theorem.- Stochastic theory of transition phenomena in nonequilibrium systems.- 1. Introduction.- 1A. General formulation.- 1B. Simple models.- 1C. The importance of fluctuations.- 2. Stochastic formulation.- 2A. The master equation.- 2B. Birth and death processes.- 2C. Spatially distributed systems.- 2D. Some important limits.- 2E. Stochastic thermodynamics.- 3. Primary bifurcation.- 3A. Critical behavior.- 3B. Nucleation.- 4. The onset of spatial correlations.- 4A. Reaction-Diffusion systems.- 4B. Heat conduction in nonequilibrium.- 5. Transient phenomena.- Non-equilibrium systems with random control paramenters.- External noise.- Mathematical description.- Non-white noise triggered oscillations in nonlinear chemical process.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Deterministic model.- 3. Stochastic model.- 4. Numerical results.- 5. Discussion and conclusions.- About some simple Fokker-Planck models.- A very simple model.- Expansion in the nonlinearity parameter.- Some comments.- Dynamics of symmetry breaking: phase coherence in finite and random system.- 1. Spherical limit of TDGL.- 2. Size and dimensionality effects.- 3. Dynamics of the random field instability.- 4. Conclusion.- Pictures of participants.- Participants.- Author Index.