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From a Nickel to a Token (eBook, ePUB) - Sparberg, Andrew J.
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A fascinating micro-history of NYC's subway system from LaGuardia's public works achievements in 1940 to the creation of the MTA in 1968. In 1940, New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia realized an ambitious plan to modernize the city's public transit. He eliminated streetcars, demolished old elevated lines, and unified the subway systems. From then on, the IRT, BMT, and IND became one system under public control. And by 1968, that system had transformed again, into the Metropolitan Transit Authority. From LaGuardia to Lindsay, mayors were desperate to appease voters, elected officials, transit…mehr

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Produktbeschreibung
A fascinating micro-history of NYC's subway system from LaGuardia's public works achievements in 1940 to the creation of the MTA in 1968. In 1940, New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia realized an ambitious plan to modernize the city's public transit. He eliminated streetcars, demolished old elevated lines, and unified the subway systems. From then on, the IRT, BMT, and IND became one system under public control. And by 1968, that system had transformed again, into the Metropolitan Transit Authority. From LaGuardia to Lindsay, mayors were desperate to appease voters, elected officials, transit management, and labor leaders. Meanwhile, the tumult of a changing America manifested in labor disputes, economic pressures, and civil rights protests. Though great efforts were made to keep prices down, the sacred nickel fare barrier was eventually broken. By 1968, a ride cost twenty cents. Featuring many photos never before published, From a Nickel to a Token deftly captures four decades and five boroughs of grit, chaos, egos, and emotions in the unending saga of New York's subway system.

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Autorenporträt
ANDREW J. SPARBERG has spent forty years in the transportation field, starting at Tri-State Regional Planning Commission, and then for twenty-five years at the Long Island Railroad. Since retiring from the LIRR he has worked on transportation's academic side, most recently at St. John's University and the City University of New York. He served as an associate editor of The Encyclopedia of New York City, contributing numerous articles to that publication. He was technical editor of Long Island Rail Road, a 2007 history by well-known author Stan Fischler. For more than twenty years, Mr. Sparberg has conducted tours as a volunteer for the New York Transit Museum.