David Fischer, Tom Moriarty

Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Pollinators play a vital role in ecosystem health and are essential to ensuring food security. With declines in both managed and wild pollinator populations in recent years, scientists and regulators have sought answers to this problem and have explored implementing steps to protect pollinator populations now and for the future. Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators focuses on the role pesticides play in impacting bee populations and looks to develop a risk assessment process, along with the data to inform that process, to better assess the potential risks that can accompany the use of pesticide products. Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators opens with two chapters that provide a biological background of both Apis and non-Apis species of pollinators. Chapters then present an overview of the general regulatory risk assessment process and decision-making processes. The book then discusses the core elements of a risk assessment, including exposure estimation, laboratory testing, and field testing. The book concludes with chapters on statistical and modeling tools, and proposed additional research that may be useful in developing the ability to assess the impacts of pesticide use on pollinator populations. Summarizing the current state of the science surrounding risk assessment for Apis and non-Apis species, Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators is a timely work that will be of great use to the environmental science and agricultural research communities. * Assesses pesticide risk to native and managed pollinators * Summarizes the state of the science in toxicity testing and risk assessment * Provides valuable biological overviews of both Apis and non-Apis pollinators * Develops a plausible overall risk assessment framework for regulatory decision making * Looks towards a globally harmonized approach for pollinator toxicity and risk assessment

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 248
• Erscheinungstermin: 28. April 2014
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118852507
• Artikelnr.: 41004459

Autorenporträt

David Fischer is Director of Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment at Bayer CropScience. Thomas Moriarty is a Team Leader in the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Pesticide Re-Evaluation Division.

Inhaltsangabe

1.0 Introduction

2.0 Overview of Honey Bee Biology

This chapter is intended to provide an overview of the, biologyand behavior of individual constituents of the honey bee colony,and biology of the honey bee hive. The overview is intendedto provide understanding and context for exposure and effectstests.

3.0 Overview of non-Apis Biology

This chapter is intended to provide a broad overview of the manynon-Apis species, the essential differences between theseand Apis species and, provide specific information oncertain non-Apis species considered to be potentially mostrelevant for pesticide risk assessment.

4.0 Overview of Risk Assessment Process

Overview of risk assessment process describes the framework,steps and requirements which are components of regulatory decisionmaking. This section also highlights the specific designneeds and rigor expected of data conducted to support regulatorydecision making.

5.0 Risk Assessment Protection Goals and ProblemFormulation for Pesticide Risk to Honey Bees (Apis) and Wild Bees(non-Apis)

Protection goals provide guiding purpose(s) and overall focusfor risk assessment, and problem formulation provides parametersand direction for risk assessment. This section discussesthese elements so the reader understands the lens through whichregulatory tests and their outcomes are considered.

6.0 Overview of Exposure Assessment

This section provides an overview of current knowledge ofexposure testing applicable to pesticide risk assessment for honeybees.

7.0 Overview of Effects (Toxicity) Assessment

Provides an overview of current knowledge of effects testingapplicable to pesticide risk assessment for honey bees.

8.0 Risk Assessment and Decision Making Process

Provides an overview and discussion of a proposed decisionpathway, highlighting considerations and criteria used to determinewhether and how a product should be screened for potential effects,including interpretation of effects with respect to protectiongoals.

9.0 Use of Ecological Models in Assessments of PesticideRisks to Honey Bees and Wild Bees

Brief chapter on types and use of predictive and mechanisticmodels with the honey bee and the information needed for suchmodels.

10.0 Statistical Considerations in the Design, Conduct,and Interpretation of Toxicity Studies and Risk Assessments

11.0 Summary of Recommendations and Research Needs

12.0 Appendix

A. Risk Mitigation and Monitoring Considerations

Risk management is an essential component of regulating plantprotection products, however, since this topic was not one of thecentral themes of the Workshop, it is proposed that a briefdiscussion of risk management be captured as an appendix.

13.0 Acknowledgements

14.0 References and Literature Cited

Rezensionen

"The debate concerning the effects of neonicotinoids on bees, though probably not the one about mobile phones, will no doubt continue for a long time so the publication of this excellent and comprehensive book is timely." (Chemistry & Industry, 26 January 2015)