Sustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change (eBook, ePUB)
Science, Policy, and Ethics
Redaktion: Sauer, Thomas J.; Sivakumar, Mannava V. K.; Norman, John
Sustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change (eBook, ePUB)
Science, Policy, and Ethics
Redaktion: Sauer, Thomas J.; Sivakumar, Mannava V. K.; Norman, John
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Sustaining Soil Productivity in Response to Global Climate Change: Science, Policy, and Ethics is a multi-disciplinary volume exploring the ethical, political and social issues surrounding the stewardship of our vital soil resources. Based on topics presented by an international group of experts at a conference convened through support of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, chapters include scientific studies on carbon sequestration, ecosystem services, maintaining soil fertility, and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as ethical issues ranging from…mehr
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- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 264
- Erscheinungstermin: 23. Mai 2011
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9780470960233
- Artikelnr.: 37640880
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 264
- Erscheinungstermin: 23. Mai 2011
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9780470960233
- Artikelnr.: 37640880
Ethics, and the Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis: Was White Right?
(Thomas J. Sauer and Michael P. Nelson). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Historical
Perspective on Soil Degradation. 1.3 The New Challenge of Global Climate
Change. 1.4 White. 1.5 Other Views on the Ethics of Land Use: Leopold et
al. 1.6 Ethical Considerations of Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation:
An Example. 1.7 Conclusions. Chapter 2 Intellectual Inertia: An Uneasy
Tension between Collective Validation of the Known and Encouraging
Exploration of the Unknown (John M. Norman). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Defining
Intellectual Inertia. 2.3 Examples of Intellectual Inertia. 2.4
Intellectual Inertia is Unavoidable But Requires Vigilance. 2.5
Intellectual Inertia and Climate Change Science. 2.6 Optimizing
Intellectual Inertia. Chapter 3 The Ethics of Soil: Stewardship,
Motivation, and Moral Framing (Paul B. Thompson). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2
Private Property and Personal Ethics. 3.3 Common Pool Resources. 3.4 Public
Policy. 3.5 Instrumental Values of Soil. 3.6 Beyond Instrumental Value. 3.7
Conclusion and Next Steps. Chapter 4 Aldo Leopold and the Land Ethic: An
Argument for Sustaining Soils (Susan L. Flader). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 The
Shaping of a Progressive. 4.3 Erosion as a Menace. 4.4 Standards of
Conservation. 4.5 Conservation as a Moral Issue. 4.6 Wildlife and Soils.
4.7 The Conservation Ethic. 4.8 An Adventure in Cooperative Conservation.
4.9 Land Pathology. 4.10 Land Health. 4.11 The Land Ethic. 4.12 Epilogue.
Chapter 5 Rural Response to Climate Change in Poor Countries: Ethics,
Policies, and Scientific Support Systems in Their Agricultural Environment
(C. J. (Kees) Stigter). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Ethics. 5.3 Policies. 5.4
Scientific Support Systems. 5.5 Conclusions. Chapter 6 Soil and Human
Health (Eiliv Steinnes). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Essential Trace Elements.
6.3 Concerns for the Future. Chapter 7 Agroecological Approaches to Help
"Climate Proof " Agriculture While Raising Productivity in the Twenty-First
Century (Norman Uphoff). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Agroecological Approaches.
7.3 The System of Rice Intensification. 7.4 Effects of SRI Practices on
Agriculture Affected by Climate Change. 7.5 Applications to Crops Other
than Rice. 7.6 Climate-Proofing Agriculture. Chapter 8 Ecological Integrity
and Biological Integrity: The Right to Food (Laura Westra). 8.1
Introduction. 8.2 Ecological Integrity and Food Production Today. 8.3 The
Legal Status of Genetically Modified Organisms. 8.4 Western Diets and
Lifestyle Preferences: Vegan versus Carnivore. 8.5 Conclusion. Chapter 9
Soil Ecosystem Services: Sustaining Returns on Investment into Natural
Capital (Brent E. Clothier, Alistair J. Hall, Markus Deurer, Steven R.
Green, and Alec D. Mackay). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 F. H. King--"Farmers of
Forty Centuries". 9.3 Soil: Valuable Natural Capital. 9.4 Valuing Ecosystem
Services. 9.5 Valuing Carbon and Soil Ecosystem Services. 9.6 Valuing
Terroir. 9.7 Land-Use Policy, Nutrient Management, and Natural Capital. 9.8
Conclusion. Chapter 10 Climate and Land Degradation (Mannava V. K.
Sivakumar). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Influence of Land Surface Changes on
Climate. 10.3 Climate Change and Land Degradation. 10.4 Climate Variability
and Impacts on Land Degradation. 10.5 Technologies, Policies, and Measures
to Address the Linkages between Climate and Land Degradation. 10.6 Future
Perspectives. Chapter 11 The Role of Soils and Biogeochemistry in the
Climate and Earth System (Elisabeth A. Holland). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2
Lessons Learned from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 11.3
The Carbon Cycle. 11.4 The Nitrogen Cycle. 11.5 Future of Earth System
Models. Chapter 12 Net Agricultural Greenhouse Gases: Mitigation Strategies
and Implications (Claudia Wagner-Riddle and Alfons Weersink). 12.1
Introduction. 12.2 Mitigation Practices for Reduction of Net GHG Emissions.
12.3 Net GHG Reduction. 12.4 Case Study 1: GHG Emission Mitigation through
Composting of Liquid Swine Manure. 12.5 Case Study 2: Direct and Indirect
N2O Emission Reduction through Soil Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizer
Management Practices. 12.6 Designing Policies for Reduced Nitrogen
Fertilizer Use. 12.7 Conclusion. Chapter 13 Overview on Response of Global
Soil Carbon Pools to Climate and Land-Use Changes (Thomas Eglin, Philippe
Ciais, Shi Long Piao, Pierre Barré, Valentin Belassen, Patricia Cadule,
Claire Chenu, Thomas Gasser, Markus Reichstein, and Pete Smith). 13.1
Introduction. 13.2 Global Distribution of SOC. 13.3 Global Vulnerability of
SOC to Climate and Land-Use Change. 13.4 Historical Land Cover,
Agricultural Management, and Climate Change Effects on SOC. 13.5 Future
Changes in Climate and Land Use and the SOC Balance. 13.6 Discussion:
Uncertainties and Future Directions. 13.7 Conclusions. 13.8 Methods.
Chapter 14 Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Microbial Function in
Soil: The Effect of Elevated CO2 Concentration (Paolo Nannipieri). 14.1
Introduction. 14.2 Effect of CO2 Concentration on Plant C Inputs including
Rhizodeposition to Soil. 14.3 Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on
Activity, Size, and Composition of Soil Microbiota. 14.4 Effects of
Elevated CO2 Concentration on Mycorrhizal Infections of Plants. 14.5 Effect
of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Biotic Interactions and on the Rhizosphere
Microfauna. 14.6 Effects of Increased CO2 Concentration, Global Warming,
and Changes in Soil Moisture on Microbial Functions Related to C
Sequestration in Soil. 14.7 Conclusions. Chapter 15 Impacts of Climate
Change on Forest Soil Carbon: Uncertainties and Lessons from Afforestation
Case Studies (Philip J. Polglase and Keryn I. Paul). 15.1 Introduction.
15.2 Afforestation Overview. 15.3 Implications for Predicting Climate
Change Impacts. 15.4 Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Carbon.
15.5 Conclusion. Chapter 16 The Effect of Forest Management on Soil Organic
Carbon (Giustino Tonon, Silvia Dezi, Maurizio Ventura, and Francesca
Scandellari). 16.1 Forest Ecosystems and Global Carbon Cycle. 16.2 Effect
of Forest Management on Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration. 16.3 Forest
Management Strategies and Forest Structures Improving Carbon Storage. 16.4
Conclusions. Index.
Ethics, and the Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis: Was White Right?
(Thomas J. Sauer and Michael P. Nelson). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Historical
Perspective on Soil Degradation. 1.3 The New Challenge of Global Climate
Change. 1.4 White. 1.5 Other Views on the Ethics of Land Use: Leopold et
al. 1.6 Ethical Considerations of Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation:
An Example. 1.7 Conclusions. Chapter 2 Intellectual Inertia: An Uneasy
Tension between Collective Validation of the Known and Encouraging
Exploration of the Unknown (John M. Norman). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Defining
Intellectual Inertia. 2.3 Examples of Intellectual Inertia. 2.4
Intellectual Inertia is Unavoidable But Requires Vigilance. 2.5
Intellectual Inertia and Climate Change Science. 2.6 Optimizing
Intellectual Inertia. Chapter 3 The Ethics of Soil: Stewardship,
Motivation, and Moral Framing (Paul B. Thompson). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2
Private Property and Personal Ethics. 3.3 Common Pool Resources. 3.4 Public
Policy. 3.5 Instrumental Values of Soil. 3.6 Beyond Instrumental Value. 3.7
Conclusion and Next Steps. Chapter 4 Aldo Leopold and the Land Ethic: An
Argument for Sustaining Soils (Susan L. Flader). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 The
Shaping of a Progressive. 4.3 Erosion as a Menace. 4.4 Standards of
Conservation. 4.5 Conservation as a Moral Issue. 4.6 Wildlife and Soils.
4.7 The Conservation Ethic. 4.8 An Adventure in Cooperative Conservation.
4.9 Land Pathology. 4.10 Land Health. 4.11 The Land Ethic. 4.12 Epilogue.
Chapter 5 Rural Response to Climate Change in Poor Countries: Ethics,
Policies, and Scientific Support Systems in Their Agricultural Environment
(C. J. (Kees) Stigter). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Ethics. 5.3 Policies. 5.4
Scientific Support Systems. 5.5 Conclusions. Chapter 6 Soil and Human
Health (Eiliv Steinnes). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Essential Trace Elements.
6.3 Concerns for the Future. Chapter 7 Agroecological Approaches to Help
"Climate Proof " Agriculture While Raising Productivity in the Twenty-First
Century (Norman Uphoff). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Agroecological Approaches.
7.3 The System of Rice Intensification. 7.4 Effects of SRI Practices on
Agriculture Affected by Climate Change. 7.5 Applications to Crops Other
than Rice. 7.6 Climate-Proofing Agriculture. Chapter 8 Ecological Integrity
and Biological Integrity: The Right to Food (Laura Westra). 8.1
Introduction. 8.2 Ecological Integrity and Food Production Today. 8.3 The
Legal Status of Genetically Modified Organisms. 8.4 Western Diets and
Lifestyle Preferences: Vegan versus Carnivore. 8.5 Conclusion. Chapter 9
Soil Ecosystem Services: Sustaining Returns on Investment into Natural
Capital (Brent E. Clothier, Alistair J. Hall, Markus Deurer, Steven R.
Green, and Alec D. Mackay). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 F. H. King--"Farmers of
Forty Centuries". 9.3 Soil: Valuable Natural Capital. 9.4 Valuing Ecosystem
Services. 9.5 Valuing Carbon and Soil Ecosystem Services. 9.6 Valuing
Terroir. 9.7 Land-Use Policy, Nutrient Management, and Natural Capital. 9.8
Conclusion. Chapter 10 Climate and Land Degradation (Mannava V. K.
Sivakumar). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Influence of Land Surface Changes on
Climate. 10.3 Climate Change and Land Degradation. 10.4 Climate Variability
and Impacts on Land Degradation. 10.5 Technologies, Policies, and Measures
to Address the Linkages between Climate and Land Degradation. 10.6 Future
Perspectives. Chapter 11 The Role of Soils and Biogeochemistry in the
Climate and Earth System (Elisabeth A. Holland). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2
Lessons Learned from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 11.3
The Carbon Cycle. 11.4 The Nitrogen Cycle. 11.5 Future of Earth System
Models. Chapter 12 Net Agricultural Greenhouse Gases: Mitigation Strategies
and Implications (Claudia Wagner-Riddle and Alfons Weersink). 12.1
Introduction. 12.2 Mitigation Practices for Reduction of Net GHG Emissions.
12.3 Net GHG Reduction. 12.4 Case Study 1: GHG Emission Mitigation through
Composting of Liquid Swine Manure. 12.5 Case Study 2: Direct and Indirect
N2O Emission Reduction through Soil Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilizer
Management Practices. 12.6 Designing Policies for Reduced Nitrogen
Fertilizer Use. 12.7 Conclusion. Chapter 13 Overview on Response of Global
Soil Carbon Pools to Climate and Land-Use Changes (Thomas Eglin, Philippe
Ciais, Shi Long Piao, Pierre Barré, Valentin Belassen, Patricia Cadule,
Claire Chenu, Thomas Gasser, Markus Reichstein, and Pete Smith). 13.1
Introduction. 13.2 Global Distribution of SOC. 13.3 Global Vulnerability of
SOC to Climate and Land-Use Change. 13.4 Historical Land Cover,
Agricultural Management, and Climate Change Effects on SOC. 13.5 Future
Changes in Climate and Land Use and the SOC Balance. 13.6 Discussion:
Uncertainties and Future Directions. 13.7 Conclusions. 13.8 Methods.
Chapter 14 Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Microbial Function in
Soil: The Effect of Elevated CO2 Concentration (Paolo Nannipieri). 14.1
Introduction. 14.2 Effect of CO2 Concentration on Plant C Inputs including
Rhizodeposition to Soil. 14.3 Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on
Activity, Size, and Composition of Soil Microbiota. 14.4 Effects of
Elevated CO2 Concentration on Mycorrhizal Infections of Plants. 14.5 Effect
of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Biotic Interactions and on the Rhizosphere
Microfauna. 14.6 Effects of Increased CO2 Concentration, Global Warming,
and Changes in Soil Moisture on Microbial Functions Related to C
Sequestration in Soil. 14.7 Conclusions. Chapter 15 Impacts of Climate
Change on Forest Soil Carbon: Uncertainties and Lessons from Afforestation
Case Studies (Philip J. Polglase and Keryn I. Paul). 15.1 Introduction.
15.2 Afforestation Overview. 15.3 Implications for Predicting Climate
Change Impacts. 15.4 Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Soil Carbon.
15.5 Conclusion. Chapter 16 The Effect of Forest Management on Soil Organic
Carbon (Giustino Tonon, Silvia Dezi, Maurizio Ventura, and Francesca
Scandellari). 16.1 Forest Ecosystems and Global Carbon Cycle. 16.2 Effect
of Forest Management on Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration. 16.3 Forest
Management Strategies and Forest Structures Improving Carbon Storage. 16.4
Conclusions. Index.