Jens-Volker Kratz, Karl Heinrich Lieser

Nuclear and Radiochemistry (eBook, PDF)

Fundamentals and Applications

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

The third edition of this classic in the field is completely updated and expanded to two volumes to include the latest developments. The handbook and ready reference comprehensively covers nuclear and radiochemistry in a well-structured and readily accessible manner, dealing with the theory and fundamentals in the first half, followed by chapters devoted to such specific topics as nuclear energy and reactors, radiotracers, and radionuclides in the life sciences. The result is a valuable resource for both newcomers as well as established scientists in the field.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley-VCH
• Seitenzahl: 938
• Erscheinungstermin: 15. August 2013
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783527653362
• Artikelnr.: 39951112

Autorenporträt

Jens-Volker Kratz is Professor of Nuclear Chemistry at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, Germany. He also obtained his degrees in Chemistry at this University, followed by a postdoc at Berkeley with Glenn T. Seaborg. Before moving back to Mainz, he worked as a Group Leader between 1974 and 1982 at GSI in Darmstadt. He has served as a member and chair of a number of scientific committees and is editor of Radiochimica Acta. He has received numerous prices, including the Otto Hahn Award.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface VOLUME ONE FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS The Atom Atomic Processes Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus Nuclear Decay Types Some Physical Concepts Needed in Nuclear Chemistry RADIOACTIVITY IN NATURE Discovery of Radioactivity Radioactive Substances in Nature RADIOELEMENTS AND RADIOISOTOPES AND THEIR ATOMIC MASSES Periodic Table of the Elements Isotopes and the Chart of Nuclides Nuclide Masses and Binding Energies Evidence for Shell Structure in Nuclei Precision Mass Spectrometry OTHER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NUCLEI Nuclear Radii Nuclear Angular Moments Magnetic Dipole Moments Electric Quadrupole Moments Statistics and Parity Excited States THE NUCLEAR FORCE AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Nuclear Forces Charge Independence and Isospin Nuclear Matter Fermi Gas Model Shell Model Collective Motion in Nuclei Nilsson Model The Pairing Force and Quasi-Particles Macroscopic-Microscopic Model Interacting Boson Approximation Further Collective Excitations: Coulomb Excitation, High-Spin States, Giant Resonances DECAY MODES Nuclear Instability and Nuclear Spectroscopy Alpha Decay Cluster Radioactivity Proton Radioactivity Spontaneous Fission Beta Decay Electromagnetic Transitions RADIOACTIVE DECAY KINETICS Law and Energy of Radioactive Decay Radioactive Equilibria Secular Radioactive Equilibrium Transient Radioactive Equilibrium Half-Life of Mother Nuclide Shorter than Half-Life of Daughter Nuclide Similar Half-Lives Branching Decay Successive Transformations NUCLEAR RADIATION General Properties Heavy Charged Particles (A>=1) Beta Radiation Gamma Radiation Neutrons Short-Lived Elementary Particles in Atoms and Molecules MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR RADIATION Activity and Counting Rate Gas-Filled Detectors Scintillation Detectors Semiconductor Detectors Choice of Detectors Spectrometry Determination of Absolute Disintegration Rates Use of Coincidence and Anticoincidence Circuits Low-Level Counting Neutron Detection and Measurement Track Detectors Detectors Used in Health Physics STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS Distribution of Random Variables Probability and Probability Distributions Maximum Likelihood Experimental Applications Statistics of Pulse-Height Distributions Setting Upper Limits When No Counts Are Observed TECHNIQUES IN NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Special Aspects of the Chemistry of Radionuclides Target Preparation Measuring Beam Intensity and Fluxes Neutron Spectrum in Nuclear Reactors Production of Radionuclides Use of Recoil Momenta Preparation of Samples for Activity Measurements Determination of Half-Lives Decay-Scheme Studies In-Beam Nuclear Reaction Studies VOLUME TWO NUCLEAR REACTIONS Collision Kinematics Coulomb Trajectories Cross-Sections Elastic Scattering Elastic Scattering and Reaction Cross-Section Optical Model Nuclear Reactions and Models Nuclear Reactions Revisited with Heavy Ions CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATIONS General Aspects Recoil Effects Excitation Effects Gases and Liquids Solids Szilard-Chalmers Reactions Recoil Labeling and Self-Labeling INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL BONDING ON NUCLEAR PROPERTIES Survey Dependence of Half-Lives on Chemical Bonding Dependence of Radiation Emission on the Chemical Environment Mössbauer Spectrometry NUCLEAR ENERGY, NUCLEAR REACTORS, NUCLEAR FUEL, AND FUEL CYCLES Energy Production by Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fuel and Fuel Cycles Production of Uranium and Uranium Compounds Fuel Elements Nuclear Reactors, Moderators, and Coolants The Chernobyl Accident Reprocessing Radioactive Waste The Natural Reactors at Oklo Controlled Thermonuclear Reactors Nuclear Explosives SOURCES OF NUCLEAR BOMBARDING PARTICLES Neutron Sources Neutron Generators Research Reactors Charged-Particle Accelerators RADIOELEMENTS Natural and Artificial Radioelements Technetium and Promethium Production of Transuranic Elements Cross-Sections Nuclear Structure of Superheavy Elements Spectroscopy of Actinides and Transactinides Properties of Actinides Chemical Properties of the Transactinides RAD